高考英语语法核心考点专项复习01：介词

高考英语语法核心考点专项复习 01：介词 英语十大词类中介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词(或相当于名词 的其他词类或短语等)构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词用法多而杂，是考察的重 点。一个介词有很多意思和很多用法，以及介词搭配也很多也是考察的重点。常用介词、 易错介词的辨析以及介词固定搭配的考查将是 2021 年介词考查的主要方向。 本专题主要是从介词的分类、功能、搭配和考点来讲解，并配以习题练习。 一、介词的分类 分类 特点 例词 简单介词 即一个介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 等等。 合成介词 由两个介词构成合成 词 into, onto, throughout, upon, within 短语介词 由短语构成 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 等等。 双重介词 由两个介词搭配而成 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 等等。 分词介词 由现在分词转化而来 considering( 就 …… 而 论 ), including ， regarding ， concerning 等。 兼类介词 由形容词直接转化而 来 like, unlike, near, next, opposite 等等。二、介词的意思 1． 表示时间的介词 (1) in 表示“在某一时间段”或“在某一时候”，如用在月、季、年份、时代、世纪等时间名词的 前面，或用来泛指一天的某一段时间。in 也可以指“在……之后”，表示从说话起的若干时间内。 如： in July/summer/2000/ancient times The bus will be here in ten minutes. (2) on 表示“在特定的某一天”，也可用于带有修饰语的一天的某个时间段之前。如：on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st (3) at 表示“在某一时间点”，或用来表示不确定的时间和短期的假日、时节等。如： at six o'clock, at Easter (4) over, through (out)两者均指“经过的全部时间”。如： Stay over the Christmas. (5) for 与 since：for 表示动作或状态延续的全部时间长度，为“长达……”之意；since 用于指从 过去特定的某个时刻到说话时为止的一段时间；含有 since 时间短语的句子要用完成时，但含 有 for 时间短语的句子不一定要用完成时。如： I have been there for six years. We have not seen each other since 1993. (6) during 指“在……时期/时间内”，必须接表示一段时间的词或词组作宾语。如：She was ill for a week, and during that week she ate little. 2． 表示地点的介词 (1) above, below，over, under，on, on top of, beneath, underneath: above 和 below 分别表示“高于” 和“低于”的意思，不一定指垂直方向上的上下；over 和 under 分别表示垂直方向上的上下或高 低；on/on top of 和 beneath/underneath 表示“和表面相接触”意义上的上下。以上三组介词互为 反义词。如： The temple stands on top of the hill. The pen is beneath the book. There is a lamp on the desk. (2) at, on, in：at 指小地点或集会场合；on 表示线或面上的位置；in 表示在立体、区域或环境 内，特别是那些较大，能够容纳相应事物的环境。如： He works at Peking University. Your radio is on the desk. He's sitting in the sun. (3) between 与 among：between 用来说明“在……两者之间”或“三个以上人或事物中的每两者 之间的相互关系”；among 用来说明“在……三者以上之间”的相互关系；among 可以用来表示 没有确定数目的物体之间的相互关系。如： There is a small river between the two villages. The book is the best among these modern novels. The relations between various countries are very important. 3． 表示原因的介词。 (1) for 常常表示褒贬、奖惩的原因或心理原因。如： They will reward you for your help. (2) from 和 out of 常常表示动机或原因；through 表示消极或间接的原因。如： He feels weak from lack of sleep. He broke down through overwork. 4． 表示目的的介词 for 和 to 都可以引导目的地。for 表示拟定的接收人或目的，for 跟在含有出发或开始意义 的动词后，如：leave, set out, start, depart, sail 等；to 表示实际的接收人或目的，to 跟在含有方 向性的动词后，如：go, come, run, walk, move, fly, drive, ride 等。如： We have left for Hong Kong. He flew to America via Hong Kong. 5． 表示“关于……”的介词 一般 about 用于比较随便的谈话或非正式的文体；on 用于正式的讲话、著作或报告中；of 用于动词 talk, read, know, hear 等的后面。如： What are you talking about? in terms of natural resources 6． 表示原料的介词of 和 out of 表示制成品的材料仍保持原材料的性质；from 表示制成品已失去了原材料的性质。 如： His house was built of brick. He made these toys out of old cigar-boxes. Steel is made from iron. 7． 表示价格的介词 at 和 for 都可表示价格，at 仅表示价格；for 还表示“交换”。如： Eggs are sold at 95 cents a dozen here. I bought it for five pounds. 三、常见的介词搭配 1． “介词＋ 名词”型 (1) in ＋ 名词 in advance 在前头，事先，预先 in case 如果，万一 in charge 主管，掌管，看管 in common 共有，共同，公有 in demand 有需要的 in doubt 感到疑惑的，难以确定的 in effect 实际上，生效in fact 事实上 in order 按序，井然有序，情况良好； 恰当 in progress 进行中 in return 作为回报 in turn 依次，替换地；相应地，转而 in vain 徒劳 (2) on＋ 名词 on guard 在值勤 on leave 在休假 on holiday 在度假 on strike 罢工 on sale 出售 on loan 借贷 on＋the＋名词 on the move 在移动，搬迁；离开 on the march 在行军 on the flow 在涨潮 on the increase 正在增加 on the go 正在活动，正在奔走 on the air 正在广播on the fly 正在飞行 (3) beyond ＋名词 beyond one's power 是某人力所不及的 beyond praise 夸不胜夸 beyond one's reach 够不着 beyond description 难以形容 beyond words 无法用语言形容 beyond doubt 无疑 beyond one's understanding 无法理解 (4) under ＋ 名词 under development 在发展中 under observation 在观察中 under test 在测试中 under construction 在建设中 under examination 在检查(调查)中 under consideration 在考虑中 under repair 在修理中 (5) at ＋ 名词at length详细地，长时间 at sea 茫然 at will 任意地 at work 在上班 at lunch 在吃午饭 at rest 在休息 at table 在吃饭 at school 上学 at church 做礼拜 at peace 处于和平状态 (6) out of ＋ 名词 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of balance 失去平衡 out of date 过时 out of patience 不耐烦 out of control 失去控制 out of business 破产 out of style 过时，不时髦 out of the ordinary 不寻常的 out of touch 失去联系2． 复杂介词型 (1) 表示原因(通常在句中作状语), 意为“由于，因为”。 because of：表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系)； on account of：常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素。 (2) 表示“除……之外”。 with the exception of＝ except, except for“除……之外”； apart from (＝美式英语中的 aside from)是个复合介词，既可表示“除……之 外”，相当于 except (for), 又可以表示“除……之外，(还，也)”，相当于 besides； in addition to“除……之外(还，也)”，相当于 besides。 (3) 表示“有关，关于”。 concerning=regarding“关于，就……而论，在……方面”； with respect to“关于，就……而言”； as for 和 as to 用于句首时表示“至于”。 (4) 表示“在……之前”。 ahead of=in advance of，可表示“(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更前，更 早”， 还可表示“领先，优于”； in front of 多指空间的前后关系，“在……前方”。 (5) 表示“支持，赞成”。 in support of 维护，支持，支援；in favor of 可指某人“支持，赞成”，也可指事物“有利于……”。 (6) 表示“鉴于，由于；根据，按照”。 in the light of 按照，考虑到 in terms of 就……而言，谈到 according to 根据；按照 in view of 鉴于，因为 (7) 表示“尽管”。 in spite of 尽管，不管 3．“形容词＋介词”型 at 前的 adj.：angry, good, bad, surprised, excited, puzzled 等。 of 前的 adj.：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy 等。 with 前的 adj.: angry, strict, busy, careful, popular, patient 等。 in 前的 adj.：strict, weak, interested, successful, rich 等。 to 前的 adj.：polite, kind, cruel, rude, close, available 等。 for 前的 adj.：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious，(be) hungry/thirsty 等。 from 前的 adj.：far, different, free, safe 等。 about 前的 adj.：worried, anxious, careful，curious 等。 4． “名词＋介词”型 the key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way…to； wish/desire/prize/respect…for； pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influence…on考场热身 Passage 1 Mrs. Smith was unable to fall sleeping at night and 1.________ 答案：sleeping→asleep 指导：fall asleep 睡着，睡熟。固定习语。 was very tired during the day to do anything,even the 2.________ 答案：very→too 指导：构成 too．．．to．．．结构。 simple things that she used to enjoy doing. She had 3.________ 答案：√ headaches more often, it prevented her from reading 4.________ 答案：it→which 指导：which 引导非限制性定语从句，代指那个事实。 or watched TV. The more she thought about her conditions, 5.________ 答案：watched→watching 指导：watching 与 reading 并列作 from 的宾语。 the more worse she felt. At last she went to see her doctor, 6.________ 答案：去掉 more 指导：．．The worse she felt.……她感觉越坏。“more+形容词或副词原级”构 成比较级形式，在比较级(worse 是 bad 的比较级)前不能用 more 来修饰。 whom she had known for years. The doctor listened to his 7.________ 答案：his→her 指导：her　heart＝Mrs．Smith's　heart． heart and said, "There is nothing serious wrong with 8.________ 答案：serious→seriously 指导：seriously 修饰 wrong。 you ,and I accept the fact you don't fell well. Now I'll 9.________ 答案：and→but 指导：句意：你虽然没有什么严重的问题，但是我承认你感觉不好的事实。 9.' give you some pills(药丸) that help. Come tomorrow 10.________ 答案：＾help→will 指导：句意：我给你开一了些能治你头疼的药。help 这里的意思是“对治头 疼有帮助”。 morning and tell me how you fell." Passage 2 A warm-heart nurse on her first day's work came to 1.________ 答案：warm-heart→warm-hearted 指导：注意构词法，又如：cold-hearted 心肠冷的，不热心的； warm-blooded(动物)温血的。 a patient. She asked him she could do anything for 2.________ 答案：him＾→if／whether 指导：ask 后接的宾语从句一般由疑问连接词来引导。 him,and he only waved his hands and said something 3.________ 答案：and→but 指导：由上下文逻辑可判断。 she could hardly understand. She asked him again 4.________ 答案：√ and he just kept saying the different words, but 5.________ 答案：different→same 指导；句意：他一直重复着同一句话。 in a lower voice before closing his eye. She 6.________ 答案：eye→eyes 指导：eye 显然应当用复数。 felt his pulse and found him death. She rushed to 7.________ 答案：death→dead 指导：dead 作宾语补足语，应当是形容词形式 repeat to the doctor sounds she had heard. "My 8.________ 答案：＾sounds，the 指导：the sounds 指她听到的那位患者死前重复说的那句活。注意本句的 话序，the．sounds 作 repeat 的宾语，应置其后，但因其后接一定语从句，所以放在了 to the doctor 之后。句意：她(护士)匆匆忙忙地跑去向医生重复了一下她听到的那些声音。 dear girl, "said the doctor after listen carefully to 9.________ 1isten→listening 指导：after 此处是介词。注意 after 既可作连词，又可作介词。作连词时是这 样的：…said the　doctor　after　he　listened carefully．．． what she repeated,"he was saying you've standing on 10.________ 答案：you've→you’re 指导：You're　standing　On　my　oxygen　pipe．你正站在我的氧气管 子上。my oxygen pipe.” Passage 3 I worked like a postman for a short time,but I 1.________ 答案：ke→as 指导；work as a postman 当邮递员。 am afraid of the dogs and I had a lot of trouble. 2.________ 答案：the 指导：dogs 这里表示“类指”而非“专指”。“我怕狗”而不是“我怕那(这些狗)”。 One day,I managed to send a postcard to a big house. 3.________ 答案：managed→tried 指导：由下文可知“送明信片”这件事还没有做到，所以不可用 managed。 Manage to do sth．表示“想方设法做成了某事”。 No sooner had I got my bicycle than a large dog ran 4.________ 答案：t＾→off 指导：got off my bicycle 从自行车上下来。又如：got off the bus 从公交车上下 来。towards the gate, barking loudly at me. It seemed 5.________ 答案：√ to bite me. If I had moved an inch towards,the dog 6.________ 答案：wards→forward 指导．．move　an　inch　forward 往前挪一(英寸)。 would have jumped at me. At the end I had no 7.________ 答案：In 指导：in the end 最终；at the end(ok．．)在……结束的时候。 choice but drop the postcard on the ground in the garden. 8.________ 答案：t＾→to 指导：这里 but 前没有出现实义动词，所以其后应当接 to do 形式。 The terrible-looking dog picked it immediately and 9.________ 答案： it＾→up 指导：picked　it up 把明信片衔起来。 carried it in the house. The dog was a good postman. 10.________ 答案：in--into 指导：carried it into the house 把明信片叼进房子里。 Passage 4Miss Jones was a teacher,her home was not 1.________ 答案：her→whose 指导：whose 引导非限制性定语从句。注意：在 her 前加 and 的改法是不正 确的，因为后面是由 and 引导的并列分句。 far from her school,but she always walked there 2.________ 答案：but→and 指导：由上下文的逻辑关系可推断出。 in the morning. All the pupils in the school was very young. 3.________ 答案：was→were 指导：句子的主语是 pupils(复数)。 In a very cold and windy morning, Miss Jones walked 4.________ 答案：In→On 指导：通常说 in the morning／afternoon／evening；但是当它们与其他形容词或 某些词组连用时需用 on a cool morning in spring 春天的一个凉爽的早晨；On the previous evening 在头天晚上；On the morning of the 4th of September 在 9 月 4 日的上午。 to school,and the cold wind went into her eyes, 5.________ 答案：＾school→the 指导：the school 指的是 Miss Jones 工作的那所学校。 and big tears began rolling out of them. She arrived 6.________ 答案：arrived→reached 或 arrived→at 指导：注意 arrive 是不及物动词，reach 是及物动词。 the school, opened the door and go into the classroom.7.________ 答案：go→went 指导：显然应该是一般过去时。 It was nice and warm here and Miss Jones was 8.________ 答案：√ happy. But then the small boy looked at her for a few 9.________ 答案：the→a 指导：这个小男孩是上文中未提及的。 seconds, put his arm on her and said kindly, 10.________ 答案：on→around 指导：put his arm around her 双臂抱住她。 "Don't cry,Miss. School isn't very bad." Passage 5 One day,I was cooking in the kitchen as the 1.________ 答案：as→when 指导：when 此处是并列连词，“正当这时……”，此时与 as 是 不可互换的。 telephone rings. I went to answer it immediately. 2.________ 答案：rings→rang 指导：由上下文的动词动态很容易作出判断。句意：一天，我正在厨房里 做饭，突然电话铃响了。answer 讧去接电话。She was my close friend, Lisa. When we were talking 3.________ 答案：She→It 指导：it 用来确定身份。 on a phone,the fire alarm sounded. I ran back to the 4.________ 答案：a→the 指导：on the phone 通电话，固定习语。 kitchen. The room full of smoke and beef was badly 5.________ 答案：＾full→was 指导：be full Of 充满。 burnt. I quickly turned off the gas, opening all the 6.________ 答案：opening→opened 指导：turned off the gas，opened．．．，and then went．．．是三个并列的 谓语动词。 windows,and then went out of the house. In my 7.________ 答案：In→To 指导：to sb's surprise 让某人吃惊的是……。习语。 surprise,two fire engines were outside my house. I 8.________ 答案：√ was rather worried. I told about the firemen that it 9.________答案：去掉 about 指导：tell sb．that 从句，告诉某人……。 was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke. 10.________ 答案：which→that 指导：强调句型中不用 which．句意：我告诉消防员，是我做 饭时的粗 心导致浓烟滚滚。 Passage 6 We were driving along a narrow road while the car stopped 1. 答案：while→when 指导：与 passage 5 中的第 1 题情况相同。 working. We tried to fix it and there was nothing we 2.________ 答案：2．and→but 指导：句意：我们努力想把它修好，可是我们什么也干不成。 could do. Paddy and I wanted go off for help, 3. __________ 答案：wanted＾go→to 指导：want to do sth．想要做某事。 but Mike insisted in staying near the ear. He said it 4.________ 答案：in→on 指导：insist　on　doing sth．坚持要示做某事。习语。 was best to stay until help arrived rather than go into 5.________ 答案：√ the forest and getting lost. However,Paddy and I did not 6.________ 答案：getting→get 指导：get lost 与 go into the forest 是并列关系。 agree and Paddy pointed to a path which he thought it would 7.________ 答案：去掉 it 指导：which 引导定语从句，代指 the path，在从句中作 would probably lead to a village 的主语，所以 it 是多余的。 probably lead to a village. We followed a path but 8. __________ 答案：第二 a→the 指导：the path 指的就是上文提到的可能通向某村庄的那条道。 soon we lost. We walked on. After an hour or so, 9.________ 答案：we＾lost→were／got 指导：迷路说法有；get／be　lost；lose　one's way. we began to feel frightening. 10. __________ 答案：frightening→frightened 指导：feel frightened 感到害怕。frightening 令人／使人害怕。 Passage 7 Japan is a beautiful country,covering with many 1.________ Covering→ covered 指导：covered with．．．短语相当于一个非限制性定语从句：…，which　is　 covered　with… tiny rivers and high mountains. Japan is also a pleased 2.________ 答案：pleased→pleasant 指导：a pleasant country 一个(气候)宜人的国家。 country. It is known for the land of the cherry blossom 3.________ 答案：for→as 指导：be known as．．．作为……而著名；be known for．．．因……而著名，be known to sb．被某(些)人所熟知。句意：日本是著名的樱花之国。 Because of in the spring of year the cherry trees 4. ________ 答案：去掉 of 指导：because。f 是介词短语，其后不能接句子。 are so beautiful. The Japanese like gardens very much. 5.________ 答案：√ Where are no natural gardens, the Japanese 6. ________ 答案：Where 后加 there 指导：where 引导地点状语从句，从句是一个 there be 结构的句子。句 意：在没有天然花园的地方，日本人民建设了自己的花园。 have made their own. Because the islands is hilly, 7.________ 答案：is→are 指导：主语和谓语应该保持数的一致。 there is a great lack of the soil,so every little bit 8. ________ 答案：去掉 the 指导：soil 这里表示泛指，故不可有定冠词。 is used. No matter how tiny may be,every home has 9.________ 答案：may 前加 it 指导:no matter how 引导的从句中显然缺少主语，it 指 Japan． its own little garden. Japan is country worth visiting. 10.________ 答案：is＾→a 指导：日本是一个值得一去的国家。 一、单选 1.Everybody was touched _________ words after they heard her moving story. A. beyond B. without C. of D. in 【解析】答案为 A 。beyond words 表示“在言语之外”，即不能用言语来表达，也就是“无法 形容”了。句意是“听到她的感人故事之后，他们感动得无法用语言来形容”。 2.Try on this red skirt; you will look great it. A. on B. by C. in D. for 【解析】答案为 C。 Sth. be on sb. “衣服穿在某人身上”；sb. be in sth“某人穿着什么衣服”。由 此可知答案为 C。 3.—How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! —It’s a challenge, I guess, man against nature. A. of B. for C. by D. about 【解析】答案为 A。应答句中的 I guess 是插入语，因此所填介词与 challenge 连用，表所属， 用 of，选 A。 4.He invited me to a dance after the show Christmas Eve. A. at B. on C. in D. by 【解析】答案为 B。此处介词位于具体节日（日期）前，用 on。 5. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ________ little foreign ownership. A. by B. of C. with D. from 【解析】答案为 C。句意：这个地区的白酒业以一种特殊的方式在发展着，具有很少的外 国所有权。with：具有，带有，表伴随。 6.Children need friends their own age to play with. A of B for C in D at【解析】答案为 A。考查名词的双重所有格。friends of their own age 意思是“跟他们自己年 龄相同的朋友”，选 A 项符合句意。其他选项不能构成所有关系。 7.It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _______ easy reach. A. near B. upon C. within D. around 【解析】答案为 C。句意：厨房中把常用的物品放在够得着的地方能节省时间。within easy reach 在容易达到……的地方；在……的附近。 8.A great person is always putting others’ interests _________ his own. A. below B. above C. in D. on 【解析】答案为 B。put other’s interests above one’s own 意思是把别人的利益放在自己的利 益之上。 9. Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems themselves, and solve their problems ______ themselves. A. to; by B. by; to C. for; to D. in; on 【解析】答案为 A。句意：大多数美国人宁愿让他们面对自己的问题并自己解决他们的问 题。by oneself 表示“单独地，独自地”的意思。 10.Jenny nearly missed the flight ______ doing too much shopping. A. as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need of 【解析】答案为 A。as a result of 意为“由于……的结果”。 11.The art show was _______ being a failure; it was a great success. A. far from B. along with C. next to D. regardless of 【解析】答案为 A。句意：艺术表演远非是失败的；它是一个巨大的成功。far from 意为“远离(远远不)”；along with 意为“与……一道(又)，连同……一起, 随同……一起，沿[顺] 着”；next to 意为“次于(紧跟在……之后的)”；regardless of 意为“不顾，不惜”。由句意 可知选 A。 12.This special school accepts all disabled students, __ educational level and background. A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition to D. in terms of 【解析】答案为 B。according to 意为“根据”；regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”；in addition to 意为“另外”；in terms of 意为“就……而言”。句意：这所特殊学校接收所有的残疾学生，不管 他们的教育水平和背景如何。 13.You’d sound a lot more polite if you make a request ______ a question. A. in search of B. in the form of C. in need of D. in the direction of 【解析】答案为 B。以问题方式向对方提出请求显得更有礼貌。in the form of 意为“以……方 式”符合句意。in search of 意为“寻找”；in need of 意为“需要”；in the direction of 意 为“朝……方向”。 句意：如果你以问题的形式提出要求，那么会显得更有礼貌。 14.His efforts to raise money for his program were ______ because, no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. A. in place B. in sight C. in effect D. in vain 【解析】答案为 D。根据下文 no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets 可 知为集资做出的努力都白费了，应选择 in vain。in place“和平地”，in sight“在视程 内”，in effect“实际上”。 二、选择 1.Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are everyone's enjoyment. A. in B. at C. for D. to 【解析】答案为 C。for enjoyment 为了寻求乐趣。例如：We work in the garden for enjoyment. 我们为寻求乐趣而在园子里劳作。 2.It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ____________favors to them. A. in preference to B . in place of C. in agreement with D. in exchange for 【解析】答案为 D。in preference to （优先于）； in exchange for （交换）；in place of (代替)； in agreement with （同意，与……一致）。句意：政府官员为某人提供便利或帮助，以 换取礼物或金钱，这种行为是非法的。 3. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ________ideal. We have to work still harder. A. next to B. far from C. out of D. due to 【解析】答案为 B。“到目前为止我们为打造低碳经济已经做了很多努力，但是这远远不够。 我们还要继续努力。”题目中的“ideal”是指“完美的，理想的”，“far from ideal” “离完 美还很远，远远不够”，“far from” 一般加名词或者形容词，表示“离……很远，或者 达不到……状态”。 “next to” “靠近”，意义相反。 “out of” “出于”，相当于“with”；“due to”后面一般跟名词，解释为“由于”，相当于”“because of”。 4.We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and , dogs give us their all. A. in all B. in fact C. in short D. in return【解析】答案为 D。in return 作为回报；作为回应；回答。in all 共计 in fact 实际上 in short 简而言之。句意：我们挤出时间，腾出空间，割舍我们的爱给狗，而狗以其全部回报我们。 5.Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients name, not case number. A. of B. as C. by D. with 【解析】答案为 C。by 以……的方式。句意：现在有些医院以名字来称呼病人，而不是以病 号来称呼。 6.My father warned me _______ going to the West Coast because it was crowed with tourists. A. by B. on C. for D. against 【解析】答案为 D。句中谓语动词 warned 和介词 against 搭配，构成 warn sb. against doing sth. 相当于 warn sb. not to do sth，意思是“警告某人不要干某事”。 句意：我父亲警 告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。 7.The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money me. A. by B. for C. in D. with 【解析】答案为 D。I don’t have enough money with me 意思是“我没有随身带那么多钱”。 8.More and more high—rise buildings have been built in big cities _________space. A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of 【解析】答案为 C。in search of 意为“寻找”；in place of 意为“代替”；for lack of 意为“因缺 乏”；for fear of 意为“生怕，以免”。句意：因为缺少空间，越来越多的高层建筑在许 多大城市建了起来。 9. I agree to his suggestion ______the condition that he drops all charges. A. by B. in C. on D. to 【解析】答案为 C。介词 on 和 the condition that 一起相当一个连词，引导条件状语从句，意思是“条件是，以……为条件”。 句意：我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。 10.Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree. A. in B. below C. beside D. against 【解析】答案为 D。against 此处意为“倚着，靠着”；below“在……下方”；beside“在……旁 边”；in“在……里面（时间）……之后”。句意：累了，吉姆背倚着一棵大树，很快 就睡着了。 11.I guess we've already talked about this before but I'll ask you again just ________. A. by nature B. in return C. in case D.by chance 【解析】答案为 C。分析四个选项的意思：by nature 天生地；in return 作为回报，作为交换； in case 万一，以防；by chance 偶然地。句意：我想我之前已经跟你谈论过这件事， 但是以防万一，我再问你一次。 12.Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day. A. between B. along C. below D. with] 【解析】答案为 B。根据句意“Sean 已经形成了每天沿着绿荫大道慢跑两小时的习惯”，表示 “沿着”时，应该选 B。 13.This shop will be closed for repairs _________further notice. A. with B. until C. for D. at 【解析】答案为 B。主句中 be closed 是延续性动词， until 在肯定句中表示谓语动作延续到 表示的时间为止。句意：商店将停业修缮，直到开业再作通知。 14.With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken_________ color. A. by B. for C. with D. in 【解析】答案为 D。 in color 有颜色即彩色的，固定搭配。句意：采用新技术，水下峡谷的 照片可以拍成彩色的。15.Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years. A. through B. up C. with D. from 【解析】答案为 A。through the tough years，表示经历/度过了艰苦的岁月。句意：毕业的时 候是你感谢那些曾经帮助你度过那些艰苦岁月的人们的好机会。 16.When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men. A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of 【解析】答案为 C。根据句中的 step aside “让位”可知老师们的观点更倾向于年轻的人来担任 校长这一职位。本句意思是：当被问及对校长的看法时，很多老师更希望看到校长 让位而支持比他更年轻的人。in terms of 就……而言；in need of 需要；in favor of 支持，赞成；in praise of 歌颂；赞美。 17.I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy_______ the past couple of weeks. A. beyond B. with C. among D. over 【解析】答案为 D。通过前半句“I’ve been very busy”现在完成时，可知搭配用的时间状语为“在 过去的两周里”，固定搭配用介词“over the past couple of weeks=in the past couple of weeks”。句意：对不起，我没给你打电话，因为在过去的两周里我一直很忙。 18.Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek________ food safety problem. A. in B. to C. on D. after 【解析】答案为 B。本题考查名词后的介词的固定搭配。此句中主语为 answers，意为“解决 办法”，作此意时后跟介词 to 或 towards，故选 B 项。句意：有时不容易找到解决食 品安全问题的适宜的办法。 19.I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained ________. A. on B. for C. by D. of 【解析】答案为 B。train 做动词意为“训练”，句意是“我总是想做我一直受训的工作”。后面的定语从句说明是什么样的工作，应该是“我一直以来（完成时）为此（for）被训练 （被动式）的”，介词 for 表目的。 20.Nick, it’s good for you to read some books ________China before you start your trip there. A. in B. for C. of D. on 【解析】答案为 D。on 有“关于；论述”之意，故选 D。句意：尼克，你在去中国旅行前要读 一些有关中国的书籍是有好处的。 21.He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects. A. below B. of C. on D. above 【解析】答案为 D。below average 在平均分以下；of 不与 average 搭配；on average 平均；above average 在平均分以上。根据句意可确定选项。句意：他是个好学生，大多数科目都 在平均分以上。 22.Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read________ the library. A. in B. for C. by D. from 【解析】答案为 D。 in 意为“在……里面”；by 意为“在……旁边”；for 意为“为了……”；from 意为“从……”，符合语境。句意：雪莉，一个真正爱读书的人，总是从图书馆带很 多书回家去读。 23.We’d better discuss everything ________before we work out the plan. A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. on time 【解析】答案为 A。 in detail 意为“详细地，详尽地”；in general 意为“大体上，总体上”；on purpose 意为“故意地”；on time 意为“准时”。根据句意。应该是“我们最好在制定计划前详细 地讨论所有问题。” 24._________ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dished.A. Far from B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Regardless of 【解析】答案为 B。 far from 意为“离……远，远非”；apart from 意为“除……之外”；instead of 意为“代替，而不是”；regardless of 意为“不管，不顾”。句意：除了良好的服务以外， 这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统福建美食。