2019中考英语阅读理解优练（11）及答案
【能力选练】 A
（2019中考选练）
A serious earthquake can be a terrible experience, and it is easy to forget safety measures(措施) in disorder(混乱). Fortunately, most earthquake safety measures are common sense, but if you forget everything else, remember the following instructions: drop, cover, and hold on. Also, most of earthquake deaths happen after the earthquake, so remember that the danger does not end when the shaking does!
If you stay indoors during an earthquake, move away from unsupported areas and windows. Try to get under a doorway or another area of the building which is held up by strong beams(梁). Stay under a table or desk only if it is very strong. Do not rush to lifts, because it is far safer to stay where you are. Cover your head with your arms around it and curl(蜷缩) into a ball, and wait for the shaking to stop.
If you stay outdoors during an earthquake, move to an area which is as open as possible. Don’t move to buildings, electric poles and other objects which may fall during an earthquake and injure you. Protect your head and stay low to the ground till the shaking ends and it is safe to move.
After an earthquake, many buildings are less strong, although they appear safe. If you stay indoors, move people from the building quickly and help disabled or injured people. Once outdoors, move well away from the building so that if it falls down, you will not be injured. Wait till public safety officials announce that it is safe to stay indoors.
By planning ahead and keeping calm during an earthquake, you can greatly increase your chances of survival(生存) without injury.
( ) 1.The underlined word “Fortunately” in the first paragraph means______ .
A. especially B. gradually C. luckily D. finally
( ) 2.We can learn from the passage that earthquake safety measures________ .
A. are planned for children B. help us to keep safe
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C. are not necessary D. are not easy to understand
( ) 3.According to the passage, it isn’t a good choice _________during an earthquake.
A. to take a lift B. to stay under a strong table
C. to get under a doorway D. to cover the head with arms around it
( ) 4.If you stay outdoors during an earthquake, you can do all the following except________ .
A.trying to protect your head
B.moving to an open place
C.moving away from buildings
D.taking the disabled people into the room
( ) 5.The purpose of the passage is mainly to tell us how to________ .
A.stay away from an earthquake
B.predict an earthquake
C.control an earthquake
D.keep safe during and after an earthquake
参考答案1C 2B 3A 4D 5D
【能力选练】 B
2016中考英语阅读理解分类练习：记叙文
There was one thing that I found rather strange on my first day as housekeeper at Monk’S House．The floors in the house were very thin．The bathroom was right above the kitchen，and when Mrs．Woolf was having her bath before breakfast，I could hear her talking to herself．on and on she went，talk，talk，and talk，asking questions and giving herself the answers．I thought there must be two or three people there with her．When Mr．Woolf saw that I looked surprised，he told me that Mrs．Woolf always said out loud the sentences that she had written during the night．She needed to know if they sounded fight and the bath was a good place for trying them out·
I was not allowed to make coffee at Monk’S House—Mr．and Mrs．Woolf were very particular(特别的)about coffee and always made it themselves—so Mr．Woolf came into
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the kitchen at eight o’clock every morning to make it．When we carried the breakfast to Mrs．Woolf’s room，I noticed that she had always been working during the night．There were pencil and paper beside her bed so that when she woke up，she could work，and sometimes it seemed as though she had had very little sleep．
Mrs．Woolf’s bedroom was outside the house in the garden．I used to think how inconvenient(不方便的)it must be to have to go out in the rain to go to bed．Her bedroom had been connected to the back of the house：the door faced the garden and a window at the side opened out on to a field．Because the writing-room was small，Mr．Woolf had built a large one for her at the end of the garden against the church wall．
I can always remember her coming to the house each day from the writing-room when I rang the bell for lunch at One O’clock．She used to come in，smoking one of her favourite cigarettes，which were bought by Mr．Woolf for her in London．She was tall and thin and very pretty．She had large eyes and a wide mouth．She wore long skirts-usually blue or brown-in the fashion of the day ,and silk jackets of the same colour Mrs．Woolf wore clothes that suited for her well．I ironed them for her and did any sewing that was necessary-She was not able to sew ,although sometimes she liked to try．There was one thing in the kitchen that Mrs．Woolf was very good at doing：she could make beautiful bread．
【小题1】What was very unusual about Monk’s House?
A．Mrs．Woolf’s bedroom door opened on to the garden．
B．The kitchen window looked out over fields．
C．The breakfast room was upstairs．
D．The bathroom was fight above the kitchen．
【小题2】Mrs．Woolf wore clothes which were •
A．designed for her personally
B．suitable for country life
C．in matching colours
D．very ugly and unattractive
【小题3】Mr．Woolf seemed to be that .
A．he found her strange ways difficult to accept
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B．he lived a very different life
C．he watched over her all the time
D．he did what he could for her
【小题4】According to the article，Mrs．Woolf .
A．was much too busy to do any housework
B．showed no interest in doing any housework
C．was really bad at doing housework
D．liked a couple of particular housework tasks
【能力选练】 C
Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t understand them. They often think their parents are too strict with them, and they are never given a free hand.
Parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust(信任) and they seem to forget how they themselves felt when they were young.
For example, young people like to do things without much thinking. It’s one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can do with any difficult things. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan(计划) things ahead and don’t like their plans to be changed.
When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success (成功) if you ask before you really start doing it.
Young people often make their parents angry by clothes they want, the music they enjoy and something else. But they don’t mean to cause (引起) any trouble. They just feel that in this way they can be cut off from the old people’s world and they want to make a new culture (文化) of their own. And if their parents don’t like their music or clothes or their manner of speech, the young people feel very unhappy.
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Sometimes you even don’t want your parents to say, “Yes” to what you do. You want to stay at home alone and do what you like.
If you plan to control (控制) your life, you’d better win your parents trust and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have high sense of responsibility (责任感), they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.
1. When young people are with their parents, they don’t feel pleased.
2. What young people think is different from what older people do.
3. What young people do is to make their parents unhappy.
4. When children grow up, they hope to let them do everything alone.
5. If you try to get your parents to understand you, you must do well in everything.
【答案及解析】
1. A 事实细节题。由第１段的第１句Young people are often unhappy when they are with their parents可知。
2. A 推理判断题。由第1、2段所述内容及第3段所举的例子可以推断出。
3. B 推理判断题。由第5段中的But they don’t mean to cause (引起) any trouble 可推断出。
4. A 事实细节题。由第3段A It’s one of their ways to show that they grow up and they can do with any difficult things 可知。
5. B 推理判断题。由最后一段的第１句If you plan to control (控制) your life, you’d better win your parents trust and try to get them to understand you 可推出。
【能力选练】 D
（2019中考选练）
What are you going to do if you are in a burning house? How will you escape? Do you know how to save yourself? Please read the following passage.
Escaping a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family, such as stairways and fire escapes, but not lifts.
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From the lower floors of the buildings, escaping through windows is possible, learn the best way of leaving by windows with the least chance of serious injury.
The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. An average(平均高度的) person, hanging by the finger-tips will have a drop of about six feet to the ground. It is about the height of an average man. Of course, it is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building.
Windows are also useful when you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed. Or smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low at the window to be sure you get fresh air rather than smoke that may leaked(渗) into the room.
On a second or third floor, the best windows for escape are those that open onto a roof. From the roof a person can drop to the ground more safely. Dropping onto cement(水泥) might end in injury. Bushes and grass can help to break a fall.
( )1. It is important to _______.
A. put out the fire in the burning house B. know the ways to escape the fire
C. jump off a burning house D. keep the door closed
( )2. It is possible to escape through the windows _______.
A. if there are some bushes on the ground B. if you are strong enough
C. if you live on a lower floor D. If you have a long rope
( )3. Which of the following escaping way is NOT right? _______.
A. You can escape through stairways. B. You can choose fire escapes.
C. Escape from the windows that open onto a roof. D. Use a lift to come down at once.
( ) 4. The best title of the passage is _______.
A. Escaping from the Windows B. Save Yourself in
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the Burning House
C. Knowledge on Fire D. Waiting for Help
参考答案1B 2C 3D 4B
【能力选练】 E
（2019中考训练题）
Dear Mr Scott,
I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to raise a theme that it will be easier for me to discuss in writing. You may have noticed that I have a line of apple trees running along the fence（栅栏）that separates our two gardens. You may also have felt happy when you see your two children sitting on your grass by the fence. And you may also have noticed that my apple trees bend over the fence and seem to look down at your children with interest. It is only natural that your children should sometimes seem to return that interest. And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence. But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I am tired of seeing your children, day after day, destroy the branches of every one of my apple trees. And it seems that a war has been fought on one side of my apple trees. Besides, I am more tired of waking up on these fine autumn mornings to find even the apples on MY side of the fence much less in number. I know this too is the work of your children, since last night I was woken at midnight by the noise they were making when climbing one of my trees, and (as they may have told you) I drove them away.
Yours sincerely,
Becky Aldrin
1．What is this?
A． A complaint letter. B． An invitation letter.
C． A thank-you letter. D． A recommendation letter.
2．Which season was it?
A． Spring. B． Summer. C． Autumn. D． Winter.
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3．What did the two children do last night?
A． They sat on the grass. B． They ran along the fence.
C． They destroyed the branches. D． They climbed an apple tree.
4．How was Becky Aldrin when she wrote this letter?
A． Polite but serious. B． Surprised but happy.
C． Angry and rude. D． Tired and uninterested.
5．What did Becky Aldrin wish Mr Scott to do next?
A． Be kind to his neighbour B． Make friends with his children.
C． Have a talk with his children. D． Grow apple trees in his garden.
【解析】这篇短文是Becky写给Scott的一封信，他们两个是邻居，Becky沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是Scott先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告诉Scott先生，希望他能处理一下。
1．主旨大意题。这篇短文是Becky Aldrin写给Scott先生的一封信，根据信中But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I am tired of seeing your children, day after day, destroy the branches of every one of my apple trees. …Besides, I am more tired of waking up on these fine autumn mornings to find even the apples on MY side of the fence much less in number. I know this too is the work of your children可知，她是在向Scott先生抱怨，因为Scott先生家的孩子毁坏了她的苹果树，还偷她的苹果。因此这些一封抱怨信，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据短文中And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence.可知，现在苹果树上已经结苹果了，因此应该是秋季。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据短文的最后since last night I was woken at midnight by the noise they were making when climbing one of my trees可知，昨天晚上，Scott先生家的两个孩子爬上了Becky Aldrin的一棵苹果树，由此可知应选D。
4．推理判断题。从Becky写的这封信中的一些文字，如I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to …、It is only natural that…、And it is quite legal…、But to tell you the truth, Mr Scott, I am tired of…等等，我们可以看到她写信的语气是很委婉、有礼貌的，但同时她也严肃地提出了这个问题，故应选A，有礼貌但严肃的。B是惊奇的但开心的；C是生气的、粗鲁的；D
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是累的、不感兴趣的。
5．推理判断题。这封信中Becky向Scott先生抱怨了他的孩子们的所作所为，她的目的应该是希望Scott先生能和他的孩子好好的谈一谈，不要再去破坏她的苹果树了。故应选C。
点睛：这篇短文是Becky写给Scott的一封信，他们两个是邻居，Becky沿着他们两家之间的篱笆种了一些苹果树，但是Scott先生的两个孩子总是毁坏苹果树，所以她写信告诉Scott先生，希望他能处理一下。文章内容贴近学生的日常生活，比较容易理解。对于这篇短文和题目来说，理解文意是次之，而最主要的是学生们在阅读的时候，能够读出作者的写作意图以及她的写作语气。后面的题目也考查了这一点，例如第4小题，问的就是Becky在写信时的感受，根据文意可知，虽然在信中Becky向Scott先生抱怨了他的孩子的不好的行为，但整篇文章Becky的语气都是很委婉的，如开头的这句话I expect you may be slightly surprised to receive a letter from your next-door neighbor, but I have to…以及文章中It is only natural that your children should sometimes seem to return that interest. And it is quite legal（合法的）for them to show that interest by picking all the apples that hang over on your side of the fence.这两句话站在对方的角度想问题，这些语言都让我们能够看出Becky是很礼貌、很认真的讲述问题，故应选A。
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