2019中考英语阅读理解优练（10）及答案
【能力选练】 A
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
The earth is our home；we must take Care of it．This means keeping the land，air and water clean．
Pollution is a dirty word．To pollute means to make things unfit(不合适的)or unclean to use．Pollution comes in many ways．We see it，smell it ,taste it and drink it．Pollution is beginning to threaten(威胁)our health ,or happiness and our life．
Man．has been polluting the earth from the time he first made fire，washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the ground．When land was used up or water became dirty．Men moved to another place．At first the problem was not so serious because there was plenty of clean air，land and water．There weren’t so many people then and their wants(需求)were fewer．All the dirty things could be absorbed(吸收)by nature and soon．covered over(恢复)．But this is no longer true．The increase of population(人口增长)and the development of industry have changed that．Man is slowly polluting．his environment．
Through the use of poison(农药)，mall has polluted land !killing the animal．By putting dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes we have polluted our drinking water ,killing the fish．
Our increasing population is part of the．problem．More people more waste．
Where is this all to end ?Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump，or is there any
hope that we can get rid of(摆脱)the pollution ?Luckily，millions of people have been warned of
the danger of pollution．Large numbers of people are now working hard to bring pollution under
( )1．Which sentence is WRONG?
A．We live on the earth，so we should look after it．
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B．To pollute means to make air ,water and land unfit for use．
C．All the waste produced by modem industry can be absorbed．
D．Man is now fighting against different kinds of pollution．
( )2．In this passage the word“chemicals”means ．
A．化学 B．化学物质 C．化学的 D．医学的
( )3．Through the uncontrolled use of poison mall has ．
A．made the drinking water dirty B．polluted the land
C．killed the animals and fish D．all of the above
( )4．From the sentences“More people more waste”，we know that ．
A．because of the increase of population and the development of industry，more and more waste is produced
B．we need more people，not more waste
C．there isn’t any hope that we can get rid of the pollution
D．more people have been warned of the danger of more waste．
( )5．From the passage we can know that now man ．
A．doesn’t know how to control pollution
B．still doesn’t realize how serious pollution is
C．is doing something to control pollution
D．begins to understand the pollution
参考答案1C 2B 3D 4A 5C
【能力选练】 B
2016中考英语阅读理解分类练习：记叙文
She was returning from teaching out in a small community . It was a moonless night, and a heavy snow was falling.
She remembered back to when she had first started teaching out in small communities. In those days she had always picked up hitchhikers (搭便车者), until the day her sister told her of a friend who had been shot (中枪) in the head by a hitchhiker, all because she had stopped out of kindness to help him during a storm.
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Her family didn’t become concerned (关心的) about her safety over the hitchhikers until the family heard the promise: “No more hitchhikers!” The snow that night was making her think back to this.
Then she saw a man waving. She slowed down for him, but now as he ran toward the car in the dark she shook with fear. Yet she thought that if he was truly in need she couldn’t leave him here in this storm.
The stranger explained that his car was dead, and she told him to get in. They drove for an hour into the next city and she took him to a telephone booth (公用电话亭). She waited until he had made a call. When he reported back to her that a family member would soon come for him, she wished him well and left.
Tears fell on her cheeks as she drove away. She felt as though she had been holding her breath for an hour. “I hope they’ll understand why I had to break my promise,” she thought.
【小题1】What can we learn about the woman?
A．She was a taxi driver.
B．She used to be a hitchhiker.
C．She taught in small communities.
D．She seldom picked up strangers.
【小题2】What made her family worried about her safety?
A．She had been hurt by a hitchhiker.
B．Her sister’s friend was killed by a hitchhiker.
C．There were often snowstorms on her way home.
D．Her car often broke down on her way home.
【小题3】We can infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph that _________.
A．she was sorry for picking up the stranger.
B．she felt too tired to breathe.
C．she had been afraid being with the stranger.
D．she had been too careful driving in the storm.
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【能力选练】 C
有些人为了要扩张耕地和工地面积，试图把湿地变成农田，变成建筑，可是这是决不行的！因为湿地对我们人类来说是十分重要的。
There are many wetlands（湿地） in China and some of them have become the world‘s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng， Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve（自然保护区） is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world， but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands.
The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine， too. They are really good places for wildlife（野生生物）。 Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife.
Luckily， more and more people are beginning to realize the important of wetlands and wildlife. Every year， on February 2nd， many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands.
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are in the _______ of China.
A. east B. south
C. west D. north
2. Usually the weather in the wetlands is _______.
A. hot B. pleasant
C. cold D. dry
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3. The World Wetlands Day is on _______.
A. April 22 B. June 25
C. February 2 D. March 22
4. We must protect wetlands because _______.
A. they are home for wildlife
B. they can prevent flood
C. they can offer food to the animals and birds
D. all of the above
5. The best title for the passage is _______.
A. China‘s Wetlands Have All Entered the World’s List
B. Wetlands—Home for Wildlife and Human Beings
C. Special Animals in the Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands
D. Wetlands—Valuable Recourses（珍贵资源） of Land on the Earth
「答案与解析」
1. 选A.从第1段的句子The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng， Jiangsu Province. 和地理知识可知，江苏省是在中国的东部，故选A.
2. 选B.由第2段的句子The temperature in the wetland is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine， too.可知，湿地的气温不高也不低，雨量充沛，阳光充足，这样的天气不是很pleasant吗？
3. 选C.文章最后一句告诉我们在每年的February 2nd，有许多的关于湿地的活动举行，所以这一天就是世界湿地日。
4. 选D.短文的第1段讲述了They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals.（湿地是许多野生动物的家园）；第2段又讲述了湿地Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals 以及Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood.所以答案为D.
5. 选B.根据第4题我们就可知道本文列举了湿地的重要性，所以B选项最佳。
【能力选练】 D
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
The world is not only hungry but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to
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you, since nearly 70%of the earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97%of that is sea water or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%of fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground and so on. And we can not even use all of that because some of it has been made dirty.
Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember how important water is. The water that we use is the most important natural resource on the earth. Today we face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too.
How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First they pollute the air. Then when it rains, the rain water makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world won't have enough dean water. We have to learn how to stop wasting water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water i~ used only once and then sere out into a sewer system（下水道）. From there it returns to the sea or goes underground.
But even though every large city reused its water, we would still not have enough. So we should make use of sea water by removing the salt in it. If we can take these steps, fresh water won't be used up.
1. The world is thirsty for water because______.
A．we don't have enough fresh water
B．a lot of water goes into sewer systems
C．only 70% of the earth's surface is water
D．sea water is widely used rather than fresh water
2. The underlined word "face" means"______".
A．turn the face down B．turn the face up
C．turn the face to D．turn the face back
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3. From this passage, we know acid rain________.
A．is only bad for living things
B．is not bad for buildings and factories
C．can be produced in factories
D．is bad for people, animals, plants and buildings
4. One difficult way we can solve the problem is to ______.
A．use the water with salt in it B．remove the salt from sea water
C．get water from underground D．reuse the water in cities
5. What is the best title for this passage?
A．Fresh water and sea water B．A thirsty country
C．The importance of water D．The world's water problem
参考答案ACDBD
【能力选练】 E
（2019中考选练）
What a father had done now has been redone by his son. US video game magnate(大亨) Richard Garriott headed into space aboard a Russian rocket watched by his father, a NASA astronaut who went into space at the height of the Cold War.
The Russian Soyuz TMA 13 spacecraft lifted off in clear weather from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on the Kazakh steppe(大草原) just after 1 pm local time.
A video game developer from Texas, Garriott paid $ 30 million to fly into space alongside US astronaut Michael Fincke and Russian cosmonaut Yury Lonchakov.
Garriott's father, Owen, watched the launch through telescopes on an observation platform and Garriott's girlfriend, Kelly Miller, burst into tears. “I am very happy
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for him. It is one of the things he really wanted to do，” Miller said as others opened champagne to celebrate the successful launch.
“I can see he is really enjoying it like a little kid in the candy shop , ” Miller said.
Space officials said the Soyuz rocket had reached orbisafely and would dock with the International Space Station (ISS) in about two days.
“He made it; he made it into orbit. It is marvelous，” said Owen Garriott, a physicist who was selected as an astronaut by NASA for his scientific background. He spent 60 days in space in 1973 and another 10 days in 1983.
After 12 days in space Garriott will return to earth with the ISS's former crew on Soyuz , a three person re entry capsule(返回舱) which has broken down on its last two flights back to earth.
1. Who are the passengers except Richard Garriott in the spacecraft?
①Owen Garriott ②Michael Fincke ③Yury Lonchakov ④Kelly Miller
A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④
2. What was the reason for Richard Garriott's space travel?
A. His father used to be an excellent astronaut.
B. He planned to explore a game about the space.
C. He wanted to make his dream come true.
D. He got too much expectation from his father.
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “dock” ?
A. join together B. fly together
C. explore together D. run together
4. Which of the following about the Soyuz spacecraft is TRUE?
A. It has been launched into space with Richard Garriott successfully.
B. Owen Garriott once was brought into the space by this spacecraft.
C. The Soyuz re entry capsule has not made a mistake until this flight.
D. Garriott made a second attempt to fly back to earth on Soyuz.
5. In which part of the newspaper will you probably find this passage?
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A. Travel. B. Education. C. Science. D. Business.
参考答案BCAAA
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