2019中考英语短文语法选择、首字母、阅读优享新选（2）
一、阅读理解。
A
（2019中考保健与健康类选练）
Cooking Kills Four Million People a Year
Polluted airborne particles（大气悬浮颗粒）kill 7 million people a year, reports the World Health Organization.
That news may not come as a surprise to anyone who has seen images of chimneys in Beijing, Delhi or Mexico. But those factories—or even the jammed roadways of modern cities—are not the biggest killer. Each year, some 4.3 million people die earlier than they should because of polluted air inside their homes, says the WHO.
What’s causing the air inside people’s homes to be so poisonous that it kills around 11,000 people a day? Stoves. “Having an open fire in your kitchen is like burning 400 cigarettes an hour.” says Kirk Smith, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, whose research suggests that household air pollution from cooking killed between 3.5 million and 4 million people in 2013.
Not all stoves cause this kind of harm. The ones Smith’s talking about are those that the 3 billion people in the developing world use for heat and cooking, which burn solid fuels such as wood, coal, or crop waste instead of gas. The smoke from those fires produces harmful fine particles and carbon monoxide into homes. Poor ventilation then prevents that smoke from escaping, raising fine particle levels 100 times higher than the limits that the WHO considers acceptable.
Breathing this air day in day out finally causes a lot of diseases: more than a third of the 4.3 million die of a stroke, while a quarter die of heart disease. And around one-third of annual lung disease deaths worldwide are due to waste from coal stoves.
Exposure tends to be extremely harmful for the people who spend the most time around the fire—usually women and young children. In fact, the WHO reports that household air pollution almost doubles the risk for childhood lung disease.
1. According to Kirk Smith’s research, ________.
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A. factories are the biggest killer worldwide nowadays
B. burning 400 cigarettes an hour is extremely dangerous
C. household air pollution from cooking is surprisingly harmful
D. some 4.3 million people die earlier each year than they should
2. What should be the deadly killer in a household kitchen?
A. Solid fuels. B. Coal stoves. C. Poor gas. D. Cooking smoke.
3. The underlined word “ventilation” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________.
A. airing B. cooking C. burning D. cooling
4. The author intends to tell people ________.
A. how to avoid polluted air in their homes
B. to stop cooking in the household kitchen
C. to guard against household pollution from cooking
D. how to prevent childhood lung diseases in household
参考答案1 C 2. D 3. A 4. C
B
左栏是五个人物喜欢阅读的书本的介绍，右栏是七位作家的描述。请将左栏的人物与右栏他们会感兴趣的作家进行配对。
( ) 11. Mandy loves picture books. She dreams of being a writer of picture books one day, so after work, she often reads picture books from famous writers to get more ideas.
( ) 12. Peter is studying science. He is very interested
A. Arthur Charles Clarke is one of the world's best writers of science fiction. His famous books are A Space Odyssey, Islands in the Sky and The City and the Stars.They tell us a lot about the universe.
B. B. J. K Rowling is a British children's writer. Her best famous books are the Harry Potter books series. They are very popular with children and become the bestselling book series in history.
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in the universe (宇宙) and likes reading science fictions in his free time.
( ) 13. Mark enjoys writing. His favorite writer is Lu Xun. He likes reading books written by Lu Xun and wants to be a good writer like him some day.
( ) 14. Sarah is an office worker. She is busy every day.But when she is free, she spends her free time reading love stories to relax herself.
( )15. Steve hopes to be a famous writer in the future. Every night before going to bed, he likes reading some famous books, especially the books written by Mo Yan.
C. Lu Xun was one of the most famous Chinese writers in the 20th century. He was known as the father of modern Chinese literature (文学). Some of his novels were made into films such as The True Story of AH Q.
D. Qiong Yao is one of the most famous writers of romantic novels in Taiwan. There are a lot of beautiful love stories in her novels.
E. Mo Yan won the 2012 Nobel Prize for literature. In his writing, he describes his life experiences in the place where he was born.
F. Guo Jingming is one of the most famous modern writers. His novels are very popular among the young and his novel Tiny Times is made into movies and becomes a big success.
G. Jimmy is the best selling writer of picture books. He has created many famous picture books and one of the best selling books is Turn Left and Turn Right.
参考答案11～15 G A C D E
C
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
Invertors are always looking for ways to make our lives easier, greener and more fun. Take a look at 2010’s coolest inventions in science and technology. What in the world will inventors dream up next?
Robot Teachers
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Some students in South Korea have a new language teacher: an English-teaching robot. The robot help students practice speaking English. South Korea needs about 30,000 foreigners to teach English. The robot teachers are helping to solve a shortage(短缺)English teachers. Could robots take the place of the human teachers one day?
A Touch Tablet (书写板)
Apple, creator of the iPhone and iPod, had another hit invention this year with iPad. The iPad is a touch-screen tablet computer. It gives users video, websites, books and games at their fingers. Apple sold 3 million iPads in the first 80 days on the market.
Up, Up and Away
It took him 30 years to develop it, and now Glen Martin’s is ready to take off. The Martin Jetpack (喷气动力背包), a personal flying machine, allows the users to fly 2.4 km into the air. Unfortunately, you can not fly for very long. The jetpack only holds the fuel(燃料) for about 30 minutes’ flight. It will sell for S 100,000. Field tests begin in 2011.
1.The robot teachers can ___________
A. train students to speak English
B. help students learn Japanese and English
C. take the place of the human English teachers now
2.The underlined word “ hit” means ______.
A.撞击 B. 妙语 C. 成功
3. Glen Martin spent ______on his flying machine.
A. a very short time B. quite a long time C. just a little money
4. Which invention can you use to fly in the air?
A. The iPad B. The robot C. The Martin Jetpack
5. The best title for this passage may be ________
A. Coolest Inventions of 2010
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B. Most Useful Comouter of 2010
C. Greatest Discoveries of 2010
参考答案ACBCA
二、语法选择。
Long long ago in a village, a farmer owned land near the sea. He always needed workers ____1____ him, but most people did not want to work on farms near the sea. They were afraid of the terrible storms ____2____often hit and destroyed buildings and plants.
Finally, a short man came to the farmer. "Are you ____3____ good worker?" the farmer asked him. "Well, I can sleep when the wind blows," answered the little man. Although ____4____ by this answer, the farmer gave him the job, ____5____ he really needed help. The little man worked very ____6____ on the farm, and the farmer felt pleased ____7____ his work.
Then one night the wind blew loudly in from the sea. Jumping out of bed, the farmer ____8____ to the short man's room. The farmer shouted, "Get up! A storm is coming! ____9____things down before they are blown away!" But the little man____10____ in bed lazily and said, "No sir. I told you, I can sleep when the wind blows."
When ____11____ the words, the farmer hurried outside to prepare for the storm on his own. ____12____ his surprise, he found that ____13____ was tied down and nothing could ____14____ away. The farmer then understood ____15____ the short man meant, so he returned to his bed to sleep while the wind blew.
When you're prepared, you have nothing to worry about. Can you sleep when the wind blows through your life?
1. A. helped B. helps C. help D.to help
2. A. what B. who C. that D .where
3. A. the B. an C. a D. /
4. A. surprising B. surprised C. surprises D. surprise
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5. A. so B. and C. because D. although
6. A. hardly B. hard C. hardest D. harder
7. A. at B. to C. with D. of
8. A. rushed B. rushes C. was rushed D. rushing
9. A. Tying B. Tied C. To tie D. Tie
10. A. lied B. lies C. lay D. laid
11. A. heard B. hearing C. had heard D. hears
12. A. To B. At C. With D. In
13. A. something B. nothing C.anything D. everything
14. A. blows B. blew C. be blowing D. be blown
15. A. that B. which C. what D .how
参考答案1-5 DCCBC 6-10 BCADC 11-15 BADDC
三、短文首字母填空。
在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching a l the students to develop their interests in many subjects. Open education asks students to be responsible(负责任）for their own education. The open classroom may help them to e 2 learning. Some students will be h 3 in an open education school. They will not have to worry a 4 grades rules.
But many students may not d 5 well in an open classroom. For some students, if there are too f 6 rules, they will do little in school. They will not make good use of open education. Because open education is s 7 different from traditional education, these students may have a problem of getting used to making so many c 8 .For many students it is important to have some rules in the classroom. A few rules will help them. The last point about open education is that some traditional teachers do not like it. Many teachers do not believe in open education.
You now know what open education is. Some of its good points and bad points have been explained. You may have your own opinion about open education. The writer thinks that open education is only a good idea. It may not work very well in r 9 class or school.
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The writer believes that most students, but of course not all students, want and need to have some rules. They must be m 10 to study some subjects. Many students are pleased to find subjects that they have to study interesting. They would not study those subjects if they did not have to.
1. a________ 2. e________ 3. h________ 4. a_______ 5. d_______
6. f________ 7. s________ 8. c________ 9. r_______ 10. m_______
【参考答案 】
1. allows 2. enjoy 3. happier 4. about 5. do
6. few 7. so 8. choices 9. real 10. made
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