英语新起点(1).docx

齐鲁名校教科研协作体 山东湖北部分重点中学2021届高三新起点摸底联考 英语试题 命题：山东省邹城一中（白祥文） 湖北华师一附中（陈 婷） 山东省烟台二中（孙青荣）‎ 审题：山东省德州一中（王 萍） 山东省临沂一中（王宏敏） 湖北省恩施高中（王佳斌）‎ 本试卷共四部分，共8页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎ 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。‎ ‎ 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎ 3．考试结束后，将答题卡上交。‎ 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）　　‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）　　‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What will the man do for the woman?‎ ‎ A. Repair the car.         B. Give her a ride.           C. Pick up her aunt. 2. How is the weather today? A. Cloudy and a little windy. B. Clear and a little windy. C. Rainy and cool. 3. Who might Mr. Peterson be? ‎ A. A new professor.      B. A department head. C. Gordon’s best friend. 4. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates.    B. Teachers and students. C. Jobseeker and interviewer.   ‎ ‎5. Where is the man now? ‎ A. In hospital.         B. At home.           C. In the library. ‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where was the cat when the man came in? A. On the desk. B. Beside the window. C. In the kitchen. 7. What will the speakers do?‎ A. Go to Jane’s garden. B. Report to the police. C. Telephone Jane. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the man think a small plant is a bad gift for Nelly? ‎ A. She doesn’t like any plant. ‎ B. She has received that kind of gift. C. She isn’t good at growing plants. 9. What will the woman buy for Nelly’s birthday? ‎ A. A bunch of flowers.         B. A flower card.            C. A computer. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When does the conversation take place?‎ A. At about the noon. B. In the evening. C. At night. 11. How will the man go to New Zealand? ‎ A. By ship.         B. By train.            C. By plane. ‎ ‎12. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Go to visit other places. ‎ B. Book his ticket as soon as possible. C. But the ticket right before he leaves. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why did Bruce come to China six years ago? A. To do business. B. To further his study. C. To see some places of interest. ‎ ‎14. When will the woman fly to Beijing for the job interview? A. Next Friday. B. Next Thursday. C. Next Monday. 15. What does the woman ask the man to do?‎ A. Give her some advice on the job interview.          ‎ B. Accompany her to the job interview.               ‎ C. Recommend some places of interest. 16. What is Diana going to do? ‎ A. Go abroad on business. B. Fly to Beijing with Tracy. C. Go to visit their parents in Brazil. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What was Catherine two years ago? A. A housewife. B. A sales manager. C. An office clerk. ‎ ‎18. What does Catherine think of being a stay-at-home mom? A. Tiring. B. Worthless. C. Rewarding. ‎ ‎19. What does Sassy realize?‎ A. Women should be independent. ‎ B. Parents both should take care of their kids. ‎ C. Women should balance the job and family life. ‎ ‎20. Where does Cynthia come from?‎ ‎ A. China. B. Canada. C. The US. ‎ 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A Cruise（巡航）lines worldwide suspended sailings March 13 because of the spread of the coronavirus pandemic. Now companies such as Carnival and Disney are pushing out their return dates and canceling more trips, meaning passengers can receive full refunds for the price of their trips.‎ Those who want to take their chances and postpone — even though there’s no firm date when this pandemic will end — can choose to receive a credit for a future cruise. Just remember: If you choose a credit, you have given up your refund. Cruise companies want you to stick with them, and are offering extra perks（津贴） and credits to keep you on board.‎ Carnival Cruises On Wednesday, Carnival Cruises announced it would suspend Alaska sailings through June 30 and scrap all San Francisco cruises for the rest of the year. Typical five-day cruises along the California coast called at Catalina Island and Ensenada, Mexico, before returning to the Bay Area.‎ The company also canceled cruises aboard Carnival Radiance (an upgrade of the Carnival Victory) through Nov. 1, and Carnival Legend, through Oct. 30. Carnival Legend typically sails from Seattle to Alaska in summer months.‎ Passengers whose trips have been canceled may opt for a refund or a future cruise credit.‎ Disney Cruise Line Disney Cruise Line on Monday extended its suspension for sailings departing in April. Passengers who had tickets on any of its four ships through April 28 may receive a refund or a cruise credit for a trip within 15 months of their original departure date, according to the company’s website.‎ Disney also warned passengers about sailings aboard the Disney Wonder that are scheduled to resume ‎ April 29. The itinerary（行程）calls for a stop in Vancouver, Canada, but Canada has closed its ports at least through July 1.‎ ‎21. What can the passengers select if they want to cruise later?‎ A. Refunds B. Credits C. Perks D. Chances.‎ ‎22. What do we know about Carnival Cruises?‎ A. Carnival Legend typically sails from Seattle to Alaska in winter months.‎ B. Passengers whose trips have been canceled only choose a future cruise credit.‎ C. Carnival Radiance is canceled through Oct.30.‎ D. San Francisco cruises will be canceled for the rest of the year.‎ ‎23. What may happen if you had tickets on any of the ships of Disney Cruise Line？‎ A. You will receive refunds before April 28.‎ B. Your trip will be delayed till June.‎ C. You will receive a cruise credit for a trip.‎ D. You will receive refunds on April 29.‎ B More than £5,500 has been raised after a plea (请愿) last Monday by a vet Dr Scott Miller. Scott said: “I would like to say a massive thank-you to Express readers from myself, from Australia and from the koalas. It’s amazing that people from across the world can see how significant the catastrophe has been. I do appreciate that people are being very supportive and reaching into their pockets.” An area, a third of the size of Britain is estimated to have been ravaged(毁坏) since the blazes(火灾) began in September. ‎ On Friday a state of emergency was declared in the capital Canberra, with residents told to prepare to evacuate as fires on the outskirts (市郊) threatened to spread. A billion animals are feared to have died, including 25,000 koalas.‎ Last week Scott told how he had visited his homeland, helping to save wildlife on Kangaroo Island off the coast of Adelaide. While there he rescued a mother and a baby koala who were stuck in a tree. The pair were rushed to a field hospital on the island to be treated. The mum had severe burns to her paws and was badly dehydrated(脱水的), while her baby son had an eye injury and was underweight. ‎ Scott, who has appeared on ITV’s This Morning and BBC’s Blue Peter, said the mother is showing “great signs of improvement” and her wounds are starting to heal. The baby has undergone surgery to his eye and is “recovering from the anesthetic (麻药) and doing well”. ‎ But he added: “The mother remains dehydrated so isn’t producing enough milk to feed the baby. At the moment they’re being housed severally but there is the hope that when the baby is a little stronger he will be able to be returned to his mother.” ‎ Even after they recover, the pair will probably spend their lives in an enclosure while the bush takes years to recover. Scott said: “Sadly patients are still coming in thick and fast. Each of these animals is requiring to be housed and fed, and regular medical treatment to their injuries.”‎ ‎24. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs? A. Dr. Scott donated more than ￡5,500.‎ B. Residents were asked to move to Canberra. C. Numerous animals might have lost their lives.  D. A large area of Britain has been badly damaged by the fire. 25. What did Dr. Scott do after returning to his homeland? A. He was rushed to the field hospital to receive treatment. B. He assisted to rescue the wildlife on Kangaroo Island. C. He hosted the ITV’S This Morning. D. He fed the underweight baby koala. 26. What does the underlined word in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Separately   B. Seriously   C. Successfully  D. Sympathetically 27. What’s the best title of the passage? A. A big Australian fire B. People’s generous donation C. Koalas’ recovery D. Rescuing koalas C ‎“While animals can’t pick out precise numbers, they can understand that more is more. Interestingly, we know now that numerical（数值的）competence is present on almost every branch of the animal tree of life,” says Andreas Nieder, a neurobiologist from the University of Tuebingen. “Different groups of animals obviously developed this trait（特点）independently from others and that strongly indicates that it has to be of adaptive value.”‎ Honeybees, for instance, can remember the number of landmarks they pass when searching for food in order to find their way back to the hive. The last common ancestor between honeybees and primates lived about 600 million years ago. But still, they evolved numerical competence that, in many respects, is comparable to vertebrate（脊椎动物的）numerical competence. Also, for example, male frogs sing “advertisement” calls to attract females. The females, listening for the complexity of their calls, choose the male that sings the most calls.‎ Wolves are more likely to hunt successfully if they have the right number of wolves in their pack for the size of their prey（猎物）: With prey like deer, only around six to eight wolves are needed, while hunting wild ox requires a pack of nine to thirteen. Their prey also uses this concept to protect themselves from predators — deer tend to live in large herds to reduce the chance of any individual becoming prey. So obviously they are assessing the number of individuals in their groups for their everyday life situations.‎ Despite these many examples of numerical competence in animals, this subject has not gotten many first-hand studies. “Many of these behavioral findings in the wild have usually been collected as by-products or accidental findings of other research questions,” says Nieder. He argues that more research needs to be done to fully understand the numerical competence.‎ ‎28. The phenomenon of animals having their own numerical competence shows that .‎ A. all groups of animals are related in some ways ‎ B. numerical competence must have a survival benefit C. the intelligence of animals varies with different environments D. animals’ numerical competence is determined by their adaptability ‎29. What role does numerical competence play in wolves’ hunting?‎ A. It helps them form hunting groups.‎ B. It gives them more options to hunt.‎ C. It makes them discover more prey.‎ D. It offers them new skills to hunt.‎ ‎30. How does the author mainly develop this text?‎ A. By listing figures. B. By asking questions.‎ C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons.‎ ‎31. From which is the text probably taken?‎ ‎ A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.‎ C. A travel brochure. D. A research paper.‎ D To address the plastic pollution troubling the world’s seas and waterways, Cornell University chemists have developed a new polymer（聚合物）that can degrade（降解）when exposed to ultraviolet（紫外线的） radiation, according to the research published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.‎ ‎“We have created a new plastic that has the mechanical properties required by commercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lost in the water environment, this material can degrade on a realistic time scale,” said lead researcher Bryce Lipinski, professor of chemistry and chemical biology at Cornell University. “This material could reduce persistent plastic accumulation in the environment.”‎ Commercial fishing contributes to about half of all floating plastic waste that ends up in the oceans. Fishing nets and ropes are primarily made from three kinds of polymers, none of which easily degrade. “While research of degradable plastics has received much attention in recent years,” Lipinski said, “obtaining a material with the mechanical strength comparable to commercial plastic remains a difficult challenge.”‎ Coates and his research team have spent the past 15 years developing the new plastic called isotactic polypropylene oxide, or iPPO. While its original discovery was in 1949, the mechanical strength of this material was unknown before this recent work. The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and provides its mechanical strength.‎ Lipinski noted that while iPPO is stable in ordinary use, it eventually breaks down when exposed to UV light. The change in the plastic’s composition is evident in the laboratory, but “visually, it may not appear to have changed much during the process,” he said, “The rate of degradation is light intensity-dependent, but under their laboratory conditions, the polymer chain lengths degraded to a quarter of their original length after 30 days of exposure.”‎ Lipinski and other scientists want no trace of the polymer to be left in the environment. He notes there is precedent（先例）for the biodegradation of small chains of iPPO which could effectively make it disappear and ongoing efforts aim to prove this.‎ ‎32. What is special about the new polymer?‎ A. It can reduce plastic consumption. B. It is expected to lower fishing costs.‎ C. It can degrade plastic waste in the sea water. D. It has been developed to solve plastic pollution.‎ ‎33. What can we infer from paragraph 3?‎ A. Fishing should be forbidden in the sea. B. It requires great effort to invent the new plastic.‎ C. Nets and ropes are not the major pollution source. D. Degradable plastics were not studied until recently.‎ ‎34. What did the recent study find about iPPO?‎ A. Its original use. B. Its special intensity. ‎ C. Its mechanical strength. D. Its complex composition.‎ ‎35. What is Lipinski’s attitude towards the future of iPPO?‎ A. Hopeful. B. Indifferent. C. Skeptical. D. Negative.‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Leadership lessons from Singapore The COVID-19 outbreak is causing alarm around the world, but here in Singapore, the small island country has managed to mostly contain the spread quite rapidly. 36 ‎ Learning from the past -- ready for the future. “Here is your key card, office key and personal thermometer,” said the university administrator when I started teaching many years ago. I was puzzled with the thermometer as a standard-issue device for every employee. 37 Since I was not here during the 2003 SARS outbreak, I never appreciated the importance of having a thermometer in my desk drawer, but now I use it twice daily. ‎ ‎38 “Every instructor must complete the training for delivering their courses online in case of emergency,” the university told us over seven years ago. It seemed a bit unnecessary at the time. But all of us completed the training -- and were retested each semester. Who would have thought that in 2020 we would need to shift more than 1,000 courses online with less than 12 hours' notice! That could not have been accomplished without the previous efforts. ‎ Clarifying expectations -- universal diligence. “Stop right there! Give me 10 feet and then you can come by,” says my colleague as I meet her in the common hallway. 39 Large gatherings are canceled and restaurants are empty as we all spend more time at home to avoid interactions with others. To enter a mall, restaurant or any building on our campus, you must pass a temperature screening and often record your presence. ‎ ‎40 In spite of the global crisis, classes and university operations have continued without disruption. ‎ A. The virus is hard to contain. ‎ B. Planning alternatives -- the ability to move quickly.‎ C. As a witness, I must share a few leadership lessons.‎ D. The nation’s readiness for emergencies helps to fight the virus.‎ E. How often do we really take lessons from the past to protect our future?‎ F. In fact, I once joked that they should also give us a snorkel(水肺) in case of tsunamis. ‎ G.We are still friends, but it is our responsibility to avoid unnecessary human contact.‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ This semester, I am studying abroad at Mahidol University in Thailand. One day, I traveled to Kancheanaburi with two friends. After visiting our last destination, due to the 41 of local transportation, we decided to take a long walk to the station to 42 the last bus at 8 p.m. back. ‎ However, when we arrived around 7:20 p.m. , we were told by the staff there that we went to the wrong place . We did not even think about 43 this could happen or where we actually were since the only 44 then was how to get to the station on time. With no taxi on the road and no bus to the station, we were 45 there. Seeing our anxiety, the staff said they could help us. The male staffer immediately stopped having his dinner and 46 the motorcycle engine. However, that motorcycle, as the only transportation they 47 at that time, could only take one passenger. It would take 48 15 minutes for a round trip.‎ Around 7:40 p.m., I was still there. Suddenly, a young man came to 49 someone off with a motorcycle. The female staffer, who kept talking with me to alleviate（缓和）my worry, stopped him. After they spoke, he nodded, and she hurried me up to 50 the motorcycle. I did not know who he was, but I could remember that he seemed as 51 as I was, like the person who was about to miss the last bus back was him instead of me. He drove fast, which I normally would be afraid of , but I felt 52 then . With my hands on his shoulder, I believed he would 53 send me to the station safely. ‎ Everything happened so quickly. It was not until the next day 54 I knew we mistakenly went to their administrative （行政的）office at first. Although I have said “Thank you” to them several times, I still think it is not enough to express my appreciation. I know who they are now: They are the nameless people who are willing to selflessly help others, 55 love and warmth in society.   ‎ ‎41. A. absence B. number  C. speed    D. limitations 42. A. chase  B. grasp  C. catch D. seize 43. A. how B. why  C. when  D. what ‎ ‎44. A. dilemma    B. approach  C. annoyance  D. concern 45. A. stuck B. abandoned   C. blocked    D. isolated 46. A. started  B. set  C. fired  D. launched 47. A. paid attention to  B. had faith in C. had a preference for  D. had access to 48 A. no more than B. less than  C. more than D. more or less 49. A. drop  B. take  C. leave  D. send 50. A. get off B. get on C. get in  D. get into 51. A. frustrated B. annoyed C. worried D. satisfied ‎52. A. in belief B. with respect C. for sure D. at ease ‎ ‎53. A. desperately  B. directly C. definitely    D. deliberately 54. A. when.   B. that  C. which  D. before 55. A. sparing B. spreading C. transforming  D. transmitting ‎ 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ You may often see young people in Asian countries wear their masks in public. What makes them do so? ‎ Asians often wear face masks to prevent one’s own germs or sickness from spreading in public places. In many Asian countries, people value collectivism, 56 means they will try their best to make a 57 (contribute) to their group. Amid the novel coronavirus outbreak, Asians will wear masks to prevent both 58 (they) and others from being infected which will ultimately benefit the whole group. ‎ Apart from physical protection, masks 59 (evolve) into social firewalls among young people in Asian countries already as well. ‎ Young people are more concerned about their privacy than their parents and grandparents. In public such as on a crowded subway, 60 (hide) their faces with masks can sometimes help them gain some privacy. For some young girls, wearing masks can give them confidence and 61 sense of security when they don’t have enough time to do makeup. ‎ ‎62 this reason, wearing masks has become a fashion trend among young people. They wear them, along ‎ with audio headsets, to signal a lack of desire 63 (communicate) with those around them, according to Quartz. ‎ ‎ Not only 64 (use) to prevent the spread of disease, masks have indeed made their way into the mainstream and are here to stay in Asian 65 (country).‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）‎ 第一节（满分15分）‎ 第一节(满分l 5分)‎ 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack看到中国很多地方都有茶馆，非常好奇，特写信向你咨询。请给Jack写封回信，介绍中国的茶馆。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 茶馆的作用；‎ ‎2. 茶馆的历史；‎ ‎3. 希望能够邀请Jack到茶馆品茶。‎ 注意：‎ 1. 词数80词左右；‎ 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；‎ ‎ Dear Jack,‎ ‎ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Yours sincerely,‎ ‎ Li Hua 第二节（满分25分）‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为150左右。‎ ‎“I will have revenge（报复） on him, and make him regret what he did to me,” said Philip to himself, his face red with anger. Stephen, who happened at that moment to walk past and hear him talking to himself. ‎ ‎“Who is that you want to take revenge on?” asked Stephen. Philip looked at his friend and said, “You remember my new ball given by my father? Look! It is punctured（刺）! It was farmer Robinson’s son who did this!”‎ Stephen asked him why young Robinson had ruined it. “I was walking and kicking my ball.” Philip replied, “By accident, when I was opposite the gate, my ball bumped over a bucket of water left in the pathway by him.”‎ ‎“He came up and began to yell at me. I assured him that what I had done was an accident, and that I was terribly sorry for it. I also offered to fetch another bucket of water for him. But despite all I had said, he took a nail out of his pocket and twisted it into the ball, as you see. I will make him pay for this.”‎ ‎“Honestly speaking,” said Stephen, “he is already punished for what he has done, because nobody likes him and he often walks around alone. He is just a lonely and miserable boy. This will be enough revenge for you.”‎ ‎“But the ball is my favorite gift and I enjoy playing with it so much…” murmured Philip.‎ ‎“Now Philip,” said Stephen, “I think you can act better than him in terms of getting revenge. I will tell you what happened to him not long ago.”‎ ‎“A while ago he saw a bee hovering about a flower. He caught the bee and was going to pull off its wings for fun. The bee, of course, stung him. The pain made him so angry that, like you, he decided to get revenge. He got a stick, and pressed it into the beehive (蜂巢).”‎ ‎“Immediately the whole swarm of bees flew out and stung him so badly that he had to spend a few days in bed.” ‎ ‎“So you see, he was not very successful in getting revenge. What if he could act better and forgive the bee for stinging him?” asked Stephen.‎ ‎“I must say,” replied Philip, “that your advice seems very good”.________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ A few days afterward, Philip saw this young Robinson fall as he was carrying home a heavy log of wood.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎