Module One Europe
1．词汇能力掌握与地理有关的词汇 其他词汇2．听说能力 学会描述方位3．阅读能力 阅读课文文章，并掌握其中语言点4．语法能力 被动语态 主谓一致 5．写作能力描写一座城市 【词汇】1 face vt./vi.1) 朝，向，面向；面对My house faces the park. 我的房子面对公园。 The seats face forward. 这些座位朝前方。2) 正视，应付Charles couldn't face another day at work, so he decided to leave it and go down to the south.查尔斯对这工作连一天也干不下去了,所以他决定放弃工作到南方去。We must learn to face difficulties bravely and try to overcome them. 我们应该学会正视困难,努力克服困难。3) 面临A crisis faced us. 我们面临着危机。 请注意下面的填空题：Faced with the difficulties, we must be brave and try to overcome them. face n. 脸，面容，表情；（物体的）表面，正面It’s nice to see some new faces here this evening. 今晚在这儿见到一些新面孔真是太 好了。She showed great courage in the face of danger. 面对危险她表现出了极大的勇气。 常见搭配：lose one’s face 丢脸 make a face/faces at 向。。。扮鬼脸 save one’s face挽回面子 face to face 面对面 in the face of 面对 face the enemy 面对敌人 face danger 面对危险 be faced with 面对2 range n. 山脉, 行列, 范围, 射程a wide price range. 极大的价格变化范围a wide range of temperature气温变化很大What is the range of your gun? 你的枪的射程有多远？range v. 排列，使。。。排队；（动植物）分布；（在一定范围内）变化The prices of the dolls range from $ 5 to $ 100. 那些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元 不等。The cards were ranged in alphabetical order. 卡片按字母顺序排列。常见搭配：range from…to…在。。。。范围内变化 mountain range 山脉 within range of sth. 在。。。范围内 beyond range of sth. 在。。。范围外 a wide range of interests 兴趣广泛3 situated adj. 位于,被置于境遇,处于...的立场The house is situated on a hill. 这座房子坐落在小山上。 situation n.情形, 境遇, (建筑物等的)位置I am now in a difficult situation. 我现在处境困难。 4 locate vt. 设置；住（在）The new building will be located in the center of town. 这座大楼将建在市中心。The new hospital is to be located near your college. 这所新医院将建在你们学院附近。Their factory is located at the foot of the mountain. 他们的工厂坐落在山脚下。locate 还可表示“确定某物的位置”之意。We located the island on the map. 我们在地图上找出那个岛的位置。 location n.位置, 场所,5 project n. 计划, 方案, 事业, 企业, 工程an impossible project 不可能实施的计划a project to build a new road 建一条新路的规划 6 ancient adj. 古代的ancient Rome 古罗马to study ancient history 研究古代历史比较old, ancient：此二词都有“古老的”的意思，有时可以通用。 an old (ancient) church 一座古老的教堂old是个使用范围较广的词，在用来修饰人时，它的反义词可以是new或modern. Once a year a race is held for old cars. 每年举行一次旧汽车比赛。 Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part.那辆车造于1885年，是参加比赛中最破旧的汽车。My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England.我的老朋友哈里森在地中海地区居住多年后回到英国。He lived a hard life in the old society. 他在旧社会日子过得很苦。 ancient通常修饰物，其反义词更多为modern，ancient在作名词用时，指“古人” However, I found a valuable ancient coin instead. 然而，我发现了一枚有价值的古代硬币。An ancient bus stopped by a dry river bed. 一辆古式的公共汽车停在一条干涸了的河床旁边。7 opposite adj.（常与to, from连用）相反的；对立的the opinion opposite to mine 与我的意见相对立的意见The buses went in opposite directions — one went south and the other went north.这两辆公共汽车朝相反的方向开，一辆向南，一辆向北。 对面的；相对的Her house is opposite to mine. 她的房子在我的房子对面。The library is on the opposite side of the road from the school. 图书馆在学校马路对面。n. 相反的人或物High is the opposite of low. 高是低的对立面 prep. 在…的对面the houses opposite ours 我们家对面的房子 (= opposite to) 8 representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的, 有代表性的a representative of a company 公司的代表The representatives were all amazed by what had happened in the factory. 代表们听了这个工厂里发生的事都感到惊愕。9 feature n. 特征，特色; 容貌，相貌Her eyes were her best feature. 她的眼睛是她的容貌最漂亮的部分。 10 produce n. 产品；物产The wine bottle was marked ‘Produce of Spain.’ 酒瓶标明“西班牙产品”。【听说】英语中表示方位 英语方位表示法为数不少，但容易混淆。特别是几个介词的用法常常令自学者无所适从。有时 "一字之差" 就可能 "失之千里”。为此，我们拟用比较的方式以east为例介绍一 些常见的方位表示法。 (一)in the east 与 on the east的区别1．in the east表示我们生活中和地理位置上的绝对方向。如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东边升起，从西边落下。The Great Wall begins in the east from the Shanhaiguan Pass and ends at the Jiayuguan Pass in the west.长城东起山海关，西至嘉峪关。2． on the east表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向。这里的方向是相对而言的。 如：China faces the Pacific on the east. 中国东临太平洋。The United States faces the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the west. 美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋。(二) in (to，on) the east of 1．要表示A在B的东部，即：A在B的范围之内时就用"A is in the east of B"，如： Japan is in the east of Asia.日本在亚洲东部。 2．如果A在B的东方，即：A在B的范围之外，且相隔有一定的距离，就用"A lies tothe east of B".口语中有时可将to the省去。如： Japan lies (to the) east of China. 日本位于中国东方。France lies (to the) east of England. 法国位于英国东方。3．如果A在B的东边（侧），即：A与B相邻接。就用"A is on the east of B". 如： Guangdong is on the south of Hunan. 广东在湖南南边。Shangdong is on the north of Jiangsu. 山东在江苏北边。 (口语中也可以使用to)4．如果要表示“A位于B东面100公里处”时我们既可以说"A lies l00km to the east of B"，也可以说"A lies 100km east of B". 后者在美国口语中更为常见。如：The plane crashed 30 miles south of the city. 飞机在离城南30英里处坠毁。Suzhou lies 50 miles to the west of Shanghai. 苏州位于上海西面50英里处。(三) 汉语里“东南西北”的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north，south，east，west；并 由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异。东南方：southeast 西南方：southwest 西北方：northwest 东北方：northeast 如：十三陵位于北京西北50公里处。The Ming Tombs are located about 50 km to the northwest of Beijing. 天津位于北京东南120公里处。Tiajin is situated l20 km southeast of Beijing. (四)要表示方位的“偏向”时通常用by正东偏北： east by north 正南偏西： south by west 正北偏东： north by east 正南偏东： south by east如：We are sailing in the direction of east by north. 我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。The island lies south by east from here. 那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向。【阅读】1 The United Kingdom is off the northwest of continental Europe. 联合王国位于欧洲大陆西北海岸以外。off 在表示方位时表示“相隔、远离”的意思。 There are numerous islands off the coast. 沿岸有很多岛屿。That is an island ten miles off the coast of southeast China. 那是距离中国东南沿海十英里远的一个岛屿。2 Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. 巴黎是法国的首都和最大的城市，位于塞纳河畔。situated on the River Seine 在句中起定语作用，其中situated… 表示“位于……”的意 思。The house is situated on a hill. 这座房子坐落在小山上。Situated on the hill, the house has a good view of the city. 由于坐落在山上，这座 房子视野很好。3 What have the words family, team and class got in common？ Family, team, class等词的共同点是什么？in common 表示“和 …… 有共同之处，共用”，经常用在“have … in common with …” 结构中。They have a lot in common. 他们有很多共同点。Real friend should have everything in common. 真正的好朋友应该共享一切。 have a lot /much/ a great deal in common with 和。。。。。。有很多共同之处 have nothing /little in common with 和。。。。。。没有/少有共同之处out of the common 非同寻常be common to/for sb. 对某人来说是常见的 for the common good 为了公共利益4 In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China?在面积和人口方面，欧盟和中国相比有多大？in terms of 表示“就……来说，从……的角度”，经常用作状语。In terms of money, we are quite rich, but not in terms of happiness. 从钱的角度看，我们相当富有，但是从幸福的角度看并非如此。be on good terms with sb. 和某人关系好 in the long term 就长期而言on equal terms 在平等的条件下5 In France, on the other hand, the head of state is a president. 然而，在法国，国家元首却是总统。on the other hand 表示“从另一点说，从另一个角度看”，但有时与 “on the one hand”连用，表示“一方面…另一方面”的意思。I want to go to the party, but on the other hand, I ought to be studying. 我想去参加聚会，但是从另一个方面来说，我应该留下来学习。On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other I distrust his judgment. 一方面，我欣赏他的天赋，但是另一方面，我不相信他的判断。6 Little by little, the number increased during the second half of the twentieth century.渐渐地，在二十世纪下半叶成员国数量增多了。little by little 表示“一点一点地，逐渐的”，说明事情变化的幅度。 Little by little, the flood water receded. 渐渐地，洪水退了下去。【写作】 本模块要求大家能够写一篇描写某城市/地点的文章，请看下面的例子：
内容提示 请你写一篇文章，描写港口城市青岛，内容要求如下：①位于山东省东部。②以蓝色的大海，美丽的海滨而闻名，是避暑胜地。③每年夏天有来自全国和世界各地的成千上万的人们到这里沿海漫步、游泳、购物、观赏 秀丽景色。④近年来，该城市发生巨大变化，对发展我国对外贸易起到重要作用，成为国际港口城 市。 作文示范
The City of Qingdao The city of Qingdao lies in the east of Shandong Province. It is famous for its blue sea and beautiful beaches.Qingdao is a wonderful place for summer holidays. Tens of thousands of people from all parts of the country and all corners of the world come to visit the city every summer. They walk along the beaches, go swimming in the sea or do some shopping in the stores or on the markets. They can see the fine views of the city. Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style mixed houses and villas.Great changes have taken place in Qingdao in the recent years. It has played an important part in the development of the foreign trade of our country. Its port is busy. Ships from all countries come and go every day. It has become aninternational port city. 词语解释 villa n.别墅 写法指要1）本文引言段是对青岛的概述。第二段描写其海滨的特色和市内建筑的特点。第三段写 其港口的景色及其在我国对外贸易中所起的作用。 2）本文有两种句子结构值得借鉴：其一是平行结构，如第二段中的“all parts of the country and all corners of the world”和“walk along the beaches, go swimming in the sea, or do some shopping in the stores or on the markets”，这种结构能够给人 以节奏美的感觉。其二是倒装语序（inverted order）的句子：“Especially attractive are the building groups of the Eastern-and-Western-style mixed houses and villas.”这 种句子是把表语提到句首，把主语置于句末。如果主语太长时可以这样做，它可以避免头 重脚轻的缺陷。英语句法修辞上有一条“句尾重心”（end weight）的准则，要求把分量重 的成分放在句子末尾，以起到强调主要内容的作用。请以天津为题写一篇描写家乡的文章Tianjing——My HometownMy hometown is a beautiful place with a population of ten million. It stands beside the Gulf Bohai. Tianjin has many high office and commercial buildings and wide tree-lined streets. Several excellent world-famous institutions of higher learning are located here, namely Nankai University and Tianjin University. As a most important industrial center for North China, her hundreds of factories produce a wide range of top-grade and high-tech products. Many of these products have attained world levels. Markets and department stores, big or small, are well-stocked with all kinds of goods, which are high in quality but low in price.
（一）被动语态1 被动语态的构成形式。 (1)被动语态的基本时态变化。被动语态通常为十种时态的变化形式，被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am\is\are +done(过去分词) 一般现在时例 Visitors are not requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has\have+ been done 现在完成时例 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we are ready to start.3) am\is\are+ being done 现在进行时 例 A new cinema is being built here.4) was\were done 一般过去时例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6) was\were being done 过去进行时例 A meeting was being held when I got there.7) shall\will be done 一般将来时例 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should\would be done 过去将来时例 The news would be sent to the soldier’s mother as soon as it arrived.9) will\shall have been done 将来完成时 (少用)例 The project will have been completed before July.10) should\would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）例 He told me that his news clothes would have been made very soon.(2) 被动语态的特殊结构形式1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为： 情态动词+be+过去分词。 例 The baby should be taken care of by the baby -sitter.2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主 语，另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其 余不动。例 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4) 在使役动词have, make, get 以及感官动词see, watch, notice, here, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补足语时， 在主动结构中to要省略，但变为被动结构时， 要加to.例 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为 A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结 构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday. (3) 非谓语动词的被动语态。V +ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态（一般时态和完成时态）。 例 I don’t like being laughed at in the public.2 如何使用被动语态。学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种结构，还要知道在哪 些情况中使用被动语态。(1) 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者（这时可省略by短语）。例 My bike was stolen last night.(2) 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer. (3) 在文章标题，广告，新闻中。如：Girls wanted. 招女工。Millions of pounds’ worth of damages has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.(4) 当动作的执行者不是人时。如：The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.3 It is said that+从句及其他类似句型。一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It be+过去分词+that从句 ”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth”. 有：It is said that…据说，It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认 为，It is suggested that…据建议。例 It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(The boy is said to have passed the national exam.)4 谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义。（1）英语中很多动词如break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通 常是物。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。例 This kind of cloth washes well.Nylon cleans easily. Food can keep fresh in a fridge.Your speech reads well.This material has worn thin. The match won’t catch.（2）表示“发生”“进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动 意义。例 How do the newspapers come out？这些报纸是如何印出来的呢？（3）系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, look, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例 You reason sounds reasonable.(4) 少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表被动含义，如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make.例。The books are printing.The meat is cooking.(5) 介词in, on，under等 +名词构成介词短语表被动。如：under control, under treatment, under repair, under discussion, under construction, beyond belief, beyond one’s reach, on sale, on show等。（二）主谓一致 1．语法形式上的一致。主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语 动词也用复数形式。例如：Jane and Mary look healthy and strong． The number of mistakes was surprising． 2．意义上一致1) 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。 例如：The crowd were running for their lives． 单数形式表示复数意义的词有people，police，cattle等。 2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。 例如： The news was very exciting．形复意单的单词有news，和一些以ics结尾的学科名．称，如physics，politics， mathematics等。 3．就近原则。即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or， either…or，neither...nor，not only…but also，not…but等连接的并列主语，如果一个 是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。例如：Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this． 4．应注意的几个问题。A)名词作主语 1)某些集体名词(如family，team等)作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数 形式；如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The whole family are watching TV.His family is going to have a long journey． 这类名词有：audience，class，club，committee，company， crew，crowd， enemy，government，group，party，public，team，etc. 名词population一词的使用情况跟上述类似。例如：：The population in China is very large，and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers.“a group(crowd)of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数，前者强调 整体，后者强调各个部分。2)某些集体名词(如people，police，cattle，militia等)只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复 数。例如：The police are searching for him． 3)单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。例如： A sheep is over there,Some sheep are over there． 4)名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，动词一 般用单数。例如：My Uncle's is not far from here．The doctor's is on the side of the street． 5)当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据 意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。例如：Five minutes is enough to do this exercise．The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long ago． Three years has passed．6)不定代词each，every，no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语，谓语 动词仍用单数形式。例如：Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future． 7)如果主语有more than one...或many a…构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓 语动词仍用单数形式。例如：Many a ship has been damaged in the storm． More than one student has seen the film，在“more+复数名词+than one'’结构之后，谓语词一般用复数形式。例如： More members than one are against your plan． 8)一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时；谓语通常用复数形式，如scissors，chopsticks，compasses，shoes，trousers，clothes，glasses等。但如果主 语由“a kind of ，a pair of，a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例 如：A pair of shoes was on the desk .9)this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书)，其谓语用单数；短语this kind of men=men of this kind=these kinds of men(口语)(这一类人)，但this kind of men的 谓语用单数， men of this kind和these kinds of men的谓语用复数。all kinds of后跟复 数名词，谓语用复数形式。例如：Men of this kind are dangerous． This kind of men is dangerous．10)复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，作单数意义时，谓语用单 数；反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means(方法)，works(工厂)，species(种类)，Chinese，Japanese等。例如：The (This) glass works was set up in l970． (这家玻璃厂建于1970年。)The(These)glass works are near the railway station． (这些玻璃厂在火车站附近。)当它们前面有a，such a，this，that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all，such，these，those 修饰时，谓语用复数。但“means"，“no means"，“the means"等词前没有以上修饰词 时，可作单数，也可用作复数。 注：work作“工作”解时是不可数名词，作“著作”解时是可数名词，有单复数之分。 11)如果名词词组中心词是all，most；half，rest，part等词语，表示的是复数意义，谓语 动词用复数形式；反之，用单数。例如：All of the water is gone。All of my classmates work hard． 12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如： Between the two windows hangs a picture． B)由连接词连接的名词作主语 13)用and或both...and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。例如： Walking and riding are good exercises．Plastics and rubber never rot． 但是，并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数形式，这 时，and后面的名词没有冠词。例如：A knife and fork is on the table．Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit． The girl's teacher and friend is a young doctor．(同一个人) 14)当主语后面跟有as well as，as much as，no less than, along with，with, like，rather than，together with，but，except，besides，including，in addition to等引 导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如：The room with its furniture was rented．The teacher as well as the students was excited． 15)以or，either...，neither...nor，not only…but also等连接的名词(代词)作主语，谓语 动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。例如：Neither you nor I nor anybody else knows anything about it Either you or he is to go．Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room． C)代词作主语．16)名词型物主代词后的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数 还是复数。例如：Ours(Our Party) is a great party．Our shoes are black，mine (=my shoes) are brown．17)such，the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。例如： Such are his words．Such is our plan． 18)关系代词who，that，which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行 词的数一致。例如：Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun． Those who want to go please write your names here．19)疑问代词who，what, which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单 复数。例如：What produce(s)heat? Which is (are) your book(s)?Who live next door? It is Zhang and Liu． Who lives next door? It is Xiao Liu．20)不定代词any，either，neither，none，all some，more等作主语时，有以下两种情 况：①单独用作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。例如： All are present．let's begin the meeting．Now all has been changed． either，neither单独作主语时，谓语通常用单数。②后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词当然用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。 例如： None of them has(have)seen the film．Do(es) any of you know his address? D)分数、量词作主语21)某数词单纯表示数字作主语时，其谓语动词通常用单数形式，但是当基数词表示的不是 数值而是数量时，谓语动词可用复数形式。例如：The billion is a large number． Twelve were boys.英语中算术式作主语时，若是减法或除法算术式，谓语通常用单数形式；若是加法和乘 法，谓语动词有时也可用复数形式。例如：Three times five is/are fifteen． Two and (plus) two is/are four. Twelve divided by four is three．Three taken from eight leaves five．在提问加、减、乘、除得数时，如用how much，谓语动词多用单数形式；如用how many，谓语动词多用复数形式。例如：How many are two times five?How much is eight divided by two? 22)“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成短语，以及由“some，a lot of，lots of，plenty of， a(1arge)quantity of，the rest of +名词”构成短语时，其名词可以是可数名词或不可数 名词。作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中of 后面的名词是中心词，而名词前面的量词是修饰语。例如：A quantity of blouses were on sale． A large quantity of beer was sold．Plenty of English books are on the shelf． Lots of damage was caused by fire．Three-fifths of the workers here are women．About three-fourths of the earth's surface is covered with water．23) (large)quantities of修饰可数复数名词或不可数名词其短语作主语时，谓语动词一般 用复数。例如：Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table．Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge．24)The number+可数复数名词，the amount of+不可数名词，the quantity of+可数复 数名词或不可数名词构成的短语，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，例如：The amount of money is great.The quantity of books in the library is amazing．The number of students in our school is increasing．25)表示数量的one and a half 后，名词要用复数形式。但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词 用单数形式。例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.26)half of，(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数；修饰可数名 词复数时，谓语动词用复数。E)名词化的形容词作主语 28)如果主语由“the+形容词或过去分词”结构充当时。谓语通常用复数。这类词有；the brave，the poor，the rich， the blind，the young，the old, the sick，the dead， the deaf and dumb，the oppressed，the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等；但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别，则用单数。例如：The departed(死者) was a well-known engineer． The blind study in special schools．F)从句作主语 28)由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数；所指的具体内容若是复数意义，谓语 动词一般用复数形式。例如：What we need are doctors． What we need is more time．29）在复数名词引导的从句结构中，关系代词的先行词是靠近它的复数名词，因此，从句 中的动词应该是复数形式。例如：This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1． Many a boy and girl_ _(have ) made such a funny experiment.2． The writer and translator _ (be) delivering a speech in our school now. 3． Tom, and not Jim, _ (have ) gone there.4． A needle and thread (be) what he needs now. 5． He or I _ (be) to go.6． A football team which _ (keep) on training hard (be) more likely to win.7． This pair of glasses (be) mine.8． Ten years (be) a moment in history.9． A third of his composition (have) been corrected. 10． What I said and did _ (be ) of no concern to you. 答案及讲解：1. has 被 every, each, many a, no 等限定的单个主语由 and 连接时，谓语动词用单数。 2. is 两个单数名词用 and 连接，表示同一人，同一物，同一概念时，谓语用单数。3. has Tom 是主语。 4. is 见 2 题解释。5. am 由 or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also 连接的并列主语，谓语 就近而变。 6. keeps, is team 视为整体，谓语用 f 单数。7. is a pair of 修饰 glasses 谓语随 pair 而变。8. is 表示时间，重量，距离，价格，体积等名词的复数作主语，视为整体，谓语用单数。9. has 分数修饰名词谓语动词随名词而变。10. is 由 what 引导的从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。
1.试题部分第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．What time is it now?A．7: 30. B．7: 00. C．8: 00.2．Who went to America two weeks ago?A．John. B．The woman. C．John’s brother. 3．Where do you think the conversation most probably take place?A．In a post office. B．In a restaurant. C．In a club. 4．What does the woman mean?A．She doesn’t think it is expensive. B．She thinks it is too expensive.C．She doesn’t like the watch.5．What do the two speakers most probably do next?A．Watch TV. B．Go to bed. C．Go to picnic. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个 小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两 遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 8 题。6．Where does this conversation take place?A．In a post office. B．At school. C．In a hospital. 7．How much does it cost the man to deliver it?A．Two pounds. B．Two pounds fifty. C．Two pounds fifteen. 8．When can the man get it?A．On Saturday morning. B．On Saturday afternoon. C．On Sunday afternoon.听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至 11 题。 9．What are they going to do tonight? A．They will go to a party.B．They will go to see a film. C．They will go to visit some friends. 10．Why do they look at the newspaper?A．They want to know the recent local news. B．They want to know what will be on TV tonight. C．They want to find out when the film will start. 11．When is the movie going to start?A．At 8: 00. B．At 9: 00. C．At 8: 30.听第 8 段材料，回答第 12 至 14 题。12．Which of the following about Professor Holt is Not true? A．She was funny.B．She has been the man’s teacher. C．The man always fell asleep in her class.13．What subject did Professor Holt teach?A．Math. B．European literature. C．English literature. 14．Whose class did the woman decide to take?A．The man’s. B．Professor Holt’s. C．Professor Vance’s. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。15．How can the man get to the zoo?A．By subway. B．By bus 34. C．By car. 16．What is the woman’s suggestion to the man?A．Take a guided tour. B．Visit the Main Street.C．Have a cup of coffee together.17．How much will it be if the man takes a guided tour for three hours? A．$ 15. B．$ 45. C．$ 75.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。 18．Where did the accident happen?A．On the road. B．By the river. C．At school. 19．What’s the relationship between the two persons?A．Classmates. B．Friends. C．Brothers. 20．When Jeff refused to reach out his hands, what did Ben remember? A．Jeff can swim.B．Jeff had never given given his things to anyone for free. C．They’re friends.2.原文部分 (Text 1)M：I’ll pick you up in half an hour. Is that OK? W：Good. That means you’ll be here at 7: 30. (Text 2)W：John, how’s your brother?M：He’s fine, but he is awfully busy. He went to the States on a business trip two weeks ago.(Text 3)M：Would you like to order now? W：Yes, please show me the menu. (Text 4)M：This watch cost me $ 30. I think it is very expensive. W：Expensive? I would have paid $ 40.(Text 5)M：It’s too beautiful today to waste indoors. W：You’re right. Let’s make the most of it. (Text 6)M：Can you deliver it, please?W：It depends on where you live, sir? M：In Camden Town.W：Yes, we can deliver there, but it costs two pounds fifty. M：All right. But I’m only in on Saturday.W：Morning or afternoon? M：Afternoon, please?W：OK.M：Thank you very much. (Text 7)M：Girls, what would you like to do tonight? W：Do you ever go to the movies?M：Of course. I go to the movies almost once a month. W：Well, let’s go to the movies.M：There’s a good movie near here called: “Summer in Maine”. W：Fine. I heard it’s a very good film.M：Let’s find out what time it starts.W：Let’s look at the newspaper. Movie programs are usually on page nine. M：Here it is. “Summer in Maine” starts at 8 o’clock.(Text 8)M：Hi, Rosa, what are you doing?W：I’m trying to pick an English literature course for this term. M：Take professor Holt’s class? I had hers last year.W：Really? What’s she like? M：Fantastic! I think she’s a really good teacher.W：Why? What makes her so good? M：For one thing, she’s really funny. W：Yeah, but I want to learn something.M：Don’t get me wrong. She’s funny. And if someone’s funny, you pay more attention. She’s also really smart. So you learn a lot.W：What do you think of professor Vance?M：He’s boring. Everyone falls asleep in his class. And he’s hard to talk to. W：OK. I’ll try to get in Professor Holt’s class.M：You won’t be sorry. (Text 9)M：What’s the best way to get to the zoo from here? Can I take the subway? W：No. You can catch the number 34 bus in front of that hotel. Get off at theMain Street. Actually, it’s just a short walk from here.M：Really? How far is it?W：About ten or fifteen minutes. You know, there are guided tours of the city you can take.M：Oh? What does the city tour include?W：They take you by all the major points of interest. You can get a good idea of where everything is.M：Hmm. How much is it?W：It’s $ 15 per person for an hour. If you’re interested. I can arrange it for you.M：That sounds like a good idea. (Text 10)Ben and Jeff were good friends. Ben often helped Jeff. But Jeff was a stingy man. He had never given his own things to anyone else for free. One day they were walking along the river. Because it rained just now, the ground is very smooth. Jeff fell into the river carelessly. He cried: “Help! Help!” Ben shouted at him quickly “Give me your hand”. But Jeff refused it. He still struggled for himself in the river. Suddenly, Ben remembered something. He said “Please take my hand.” John quickly caught Tom’s hand and climbed into the bank.3.答案部分1-5 BCBAC6-10 ABBBC11-15 ACCBB16-20 ABBBB
单词拼写：1． Paris is s _ on the River Seine.2． Eiffel Tower is the famous s of Paris.3． As we all know, there are seven c_ and four oceans in the world. 4． There is a magnificent r_ of mountains in the borderland.5． The a was signed during a meeting at the UN.6． How many (代表) have been sent to the UN conference? 7． The little mountain village is the (出生地)of my father.8． There are many (古代的)buildings in Rome.9． The people sitting _(在。。。。。。对面)us looked very familiar.10. The country was _(统治)by the Roman Empire. 单项填空1. The price of this washing machine has been increased 15 %.A. by B. to C. about D. in2. Taiwan is the east of Fujian and Fujian Province lies east of China.A. in; in B. in; to C. to; / D. to; in3. – the population of China?–About 1.3 billion.A. How much is B. How many are C. What is D. What are4. This coat costs about of that one.A. twice price B. the three times priceC. four times the price D. the price five times5. He is in control of the company. I mean, the company is in control of him.A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; /6. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.A. is serving B. serves C. served D. is served7. this magazine to your brother?A. Is; belonged B. Does; belongC. Has; been belonged D. Is; belonging8. Lu Xun was famous a great writer.A. for B. to C. as D. with9. He was known his personal business!A. as B. about C. for D. on10. Zhang’s family rather big, with twelve people in all.A. is B. are C. being D. was 11. The People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found12. Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need13. His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishingC. is being published D. has been published14. Why to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting heldC. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held15. Who was the book_ ?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by
单项选择1. In New Zealand, people live in the houses with their doors _ north.A. faced B. face C. facing D. to face2. The price of beer 50 cents to $ 4 per liter during the summer season.A. ranged in B. ranged from C. ranged at D. ranged of3. The leaders of the company are having a meeting to discuss where the new office branch .A. should situate B. should be situatedC. should be lied D. was located4. There is a fine little café this house. Cross the street and you’ll be there.A. on the contrary of B. opposite toC. in front of D. opposite from5. of the Pacific Ocean Canada.A. The east; lies B. East; liesC. To the east; does lie D. On the east; does lie6. The family a visit some of their relatives this week.A. are in, of B. is in, of C. are on, to D. is on, to7. We should consider problems the people’s interests.A. in view of B. in terms of C. in term of D. in views of8. In the agreement I saw his name in larger letters.A. written B. writing C. signed D. signing 9. After the new equipment was introduced, they produced machines thisyear as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as10. Known a writer, Jin yong, whose real name is Zha Liangyoung, is well known Chinese people his wonderful works.A. as, for, to B. for, to, as C. as, to, for D. to, as, for11. It hard now, otherwise we could have a barbecue on the beach.A. rained B. is raining C. rains D. would rain12. __, the wind died down and people began to appear on the street.A. A little bit B. Not a little C. A bit less D. Little by little13. East of the mountain _ two towns, _ my hometown.A. lie, one of which is B. lies, where liesC. lies, one of which is D. lie, that is14. Let’s fix a time _ a _ interview.A. to, face-to-face B. for, face-to-faceC. to, face to face D. for, face to face15. You could get into a where you have decide immediately.A. condition B. situation C. state D. form 完型填空As late as 1800, women’s only place was at home. The idea of women in the 1 world was unthinkable. 2 “nice” woman would dream of entering what was strictly a “men’s world”. Even if she could, what would she do?3 was the first profession（职业） 4 to women soon after 1800.Even that was not an 5 profession for women to enter 6 most high schools and colleges were open only to 7 .Oberlin College in Ohio was the first college in America to8 women.Hospital nursing became respectable work for women only after Florence Nightingale became 9 . Because she was a wealthy and educated woman, as well as a 10 , people began to believe it was 11 for women to care for the 12 and still be “ladies”. Miss Nightingale opened England’s first training school for nurses in 1860.The invention of the typewriter in 1867 13 to bring women out of the 14 and into the business world. Because women had quick 15 ,they learned to operate typewriters quickly and well. Businessmen found that they had to 16 women for this 17 kind of work.By 1900, thousands of women were working at 18 jobs in schools, hospitals and offices in both England and America. Some women even 19 in becoming doctors or lawyers. The 20 that “nice” women could work in the business worldhad been accepted.1.A.future B. present C. business D. English speaking 2.A.No B. The C. A D. Every 3.A.Farming B. Teaching C. Nursing D. Cooking 4.A.harmful B. useful C. open D. closed 5.A.admire B. important C. exciting D. easy 6.A.because B. unless C. though D. if 7.A.students B. men C. ladies D. children8.A.teach B. fire C. accept D. refuse9.A.clever B. tired C. disappointed D. famous 10.A.nurse B. doctor C. teacher D. secretary 11.A.unfit B. possible C. dangerous D. difficult 12.A.poor B. rich C. old D. sick 13.A.had B. needed C. helped D. happened 14.A.homes B. schools C. hospitals D. world 15.A.minds B. eyes C. ears D. fingers 16.A.reject(拒绝）B. hire（雇佣） C. thank D. praise 17.A.best B. new C. old D. rough18.A.fat B. hard C. real D. tough 19.A.liked B. promised C. wished D. succeeded 20.A.idea B. research C. position D. suggestion
阅读理解AI have been surprised each time my child has come home from school with a message saying his teacher wants to see me.I know my son seems very naughty. He cannot concentrate on reading, he makes silly mistakes in his homework or often fails his exams.Whenever such things happen, his teacher shouts,“Ask your parents to come here.” And then I have to go with my tail between my legs to find out what’s going on with my son and to listen to the teacher scold(训斥）him.I really feel sorry for my son’s mistakes and usually feel personally responsible.But I can’t help feeling angry with him after a meeting with his teacher.Gradually, I have realized that anger will do him no good, and that actually he needs my help. On the other hand, I think that to educate our “little emperors”, there needsto be more understanding and co-operation between teachers and parents.1. The writer’s child _.A. is rude to others B. is often late for schoolC. is dishonest D. doesn’t do well in his lessons2. When the teacher _,his father will be told to go to school.A. gets angry B. shoutsC. wants to scold the boy D. listens patiently3. While the teacher is scolding the child, the writer _ _.A. cuts in sometimes B. shouts at the studentC. feels ashamed D. listens impatiently4. In the writer’s opinion __will do good to the naughty child.A. scoldingB. angerC. teacher’s meeting with the parentD. helping the child to realize his mistakeBMary went out at night. She never forgot the night when she met a robber many years ago.That evening, she was invited to a birthday party which lasted until two o’clock in the morning. Without company Mary walked along the quiet street.Suddenly from the shadow of a dark building a tall man with a sharp knife in his right hand ran out at her. “Good evening, lady,” the man said in a low voice, “I don’t think you wish to die here.”“What do you want?” Mary asked.“Your earrings. Take them off!” Slowly Mary’s eyes looked down. She tried to cover her necklace with the collar（领子）of her overcoat while she used the other hand to take off both of her earrings, and then she quickly threw them on the ground.“Take them and let me go.” she said. The robber looked at her only feeling uncertain. He saw the girl didn’t care for the earrings at all, only trying to protect the necklace. He realized the necklace would cost more. So he said, “Give me your necklace.”“Oh, sir. It’s not worth much. Please let me keep it.” “Stop rubbish. Quick!”With shaky hands, Mary took off her necklace. As soon as the robber disappeared, she picked up her earrings and ran as fast as she could to one of her friends. The earrings cost 480 pounds and the necklace the robber had taken awaycost only six pounds ten shillings.5. Mary never forgot that night because .A. she was robbed of her necklaceB. she was robbed, but she fooled the robberC. she had a good time at the partyD. she lost her earrings 6.The party .A. didn’t end at two B. ended before twoC. lasted two hours D. was over at two 7.She tried to protect the necklace because _.A. she didn’t want to lose itB. it was more importantC. she liked it better than earringsD. she would rather have the necklace lost8. The story tells us that she was a __girl.A. clever and brave B. clever and beautifulC. brave and careful D. clever and careful C“The oldest and hardest cow beef may be made as tender（柔嫩）and tasty as young and choice meat.” This declaration was made by the French physicist Denis Papin in his book published in 1681,which described his New Digester or pressure cooker. It was a cast iron pot with an airtight lid, which allowed liquids to boil at a higher temperature than usual, and so it cooked food in a quarter of the time. The food was cooked by pressurized steam being forced through it at about 121℃. All pressure cookers were made of cast iron until 1905,when the first aluminum（铝） model was made in America. In 1938, Alfred Vischer, a man from Chicago USA, designed a simple interlocking pan and lid, and an improved pressure tight seal（密封垫）—a replaceable rubber sealing ring. When Vischer’s patent（专利） expired（过期）in 1954,many companies entered the field, and the rapid pressure cooker became popular with people who had little time to cook or had to supply food for unexpected guests.9. Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened? a.Denis Papin called his invention “New Digester”.b. It began to be widely used by common families.c. Instead of cast iron, it was first made of aluminum. d.The first pressure cooker was invented in France. e.Alfred Vischer greatly improved its design. f. Vischer’s patent came to an end.g. Many other companies began to produce it.A. d,a,e,c,g,f,b B.a,d,c,d,e,f,g C.d,a,c,e,f,g,b D.g,c,a,e,d,f,b10. If it took an ordinary cooker an hour to cook beef,a New Digester could do it in .A.25 minutes B.4 hours C.10 minutes D.15 minutes 11.The best title for this passage would be .A.New Digester B.Pressure CookerC.Favourite Cooker D.The History of Cooker DThe famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean, so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other for ever. Hesent his camera staff out one evening to film the sunset of him.The next morning he said to the men, “Have you provided me with that sunset?”“No, sir,” the men answered.The director was angry. “Why not?” he asked.“Well, sir,” one of the men answered, “We’re on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset.”“But I want a sunset!” the director shouted. “Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one.”But then a young secretary had an idea. “Why don’t you photograph a sunrise,” she suggested, and then play it backwards? Then it will look like a sunset.”“That is a very good idea!” the director said. Then he turned to the camera staff and said, “Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea.”The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay（海湾）.Then at nine o’clock they took it to the director. “Here it is, sir,” they said, and gave it to him. He was very pleased.They all went into the studio. “All right,” the director explained, “now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can seethe ‘sunset’ behind them.”The “sunset” began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera staff to stop. The birds in the film were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea weregoing away from the beach.12. One evening, the director sent his camera staff out .A. to watch a beautiful sunset B.to find an actor and an actress C.to film a scene on the sea D.to meet the audience13. Why did the director want to send his staff to the west coast? A.Because he changed his mind about getting a sunset.B.Because he was angry with his staff. C.Because it was his secretary’s suggestion. D.Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset. 14.Which of the following is NOT true?A.The staff had to follow the director’s advice.B. If you want to see a sunrise, the east coast is the place to go to. C.The camera staff wasn’t able to film the scene the first day.D.The director ordered his staff to stop filming the “sunset”.15.The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because_ __. A.it went well with the separation of the hero and the heroineB.when they arrived at the beach it was already in the evening C.it was more moving than a sunriseD. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset 写作练习1．它是广东海岸边的一座荒岛。2．洛杉矶是美国第二大城市。3．他转过身来面对着我。4．他们住在那条街的那边。5．内蒙古在天津的西北面。6．树下躺着一位老人。7．路上到处都是雪。8．那国家位于欧洲北部。9．我的老师对我学理科的决定起了影响作用。10．你是不是一直住在那里？11．他坐在女主人的对面。12．你能告诉我他大概在美国什么地方出生的吗？13．他的英语水平逐步提高。14．这个国家的人口在过去的两年里增长了 10%变成 2 百万。15．我们得在汽车里挤下(fit…in…)五个人和全部行李。16．这家公司在斯坦福新开辟了一家分理处,扩大了在那儿的经营。17．这个城市人口超过一百万。 18．这房间是那房间的三倍大。19．就钱来说他很富有,但就幸福来说就不然了。20．与你上一篇相比，这是一篇好文章。 语法选择1. Early to bed and early to rise a man healthy, wealthy and wise.A. make B. makesC. is going to make D. are going to make2. He came back and sadly told his wife that more than one defendant _ in the case.A. is involved B. are involved C. was involved D. were involved3. She was the only one among the women teachers who sing in English.A. was able to B. were able to C. is going D. is sure to4. –Mike , what did our monitor say just now?--Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _ to visit the museum asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning.A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is5. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where yet.A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decidedC. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided6. The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front to arrive.A. is expected B. is expectingC. expects D. will be expected7. I like these English songs and they many times on the radio.A. taught B. have taughtC. are taught D. have been taught8. –What’s that noise?--Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine .A. was tested B. will be testedC. is being tested D. has been tested9. No decision __about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.A. will be made B. is madeC. is being made D. had been made10. In recent years many football clubs as business to make a profit.A. have run B. have been run C. had been run D. will run 11. He as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for hiscountry in the Olympics.A. regarded B. was regardedC. has regarded D. had been regarded12. –Do you have any problems if you this job?--Well, I’m thinking about the salary…A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offer13. –Did you go to the show last night?--Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _ invited.A. were B. have been C. has been D. was14. Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic .A. had changed B. will changedC. was changed D. has been changed15. When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster ,many teachers would prefer to see him step aside younger men.A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of16. Bring the flowers into a warm room they’ll soon open. A.or B.and C.but D.for17. Listening to loud music at rock concerts __caused hearing loss in some teenagers.A.is B.are C.has D.have
必会基础题：单词拼写：1. situated 2. symbol 3. continents 4. range 5. agreement 6. representatives7. birthplace 8. ancient 9. opposite 10. governed 单项填空1-15 ADCCB DBCCA BCABD
提高拓展题： 单项选择:1. C facing 现在分词作宾语的补足语。2. B range from…to…在。。。。。。范围内变化3. B should be situated 应该位于4. B opposite to 在。。。。。。的对面 5. B east of… 在。。。。。。的以东= to the east of 表方位的副词放句首，用全部倒装。6. C family 视为个体谓语用复数，on a visit to 拜访7. B in terms of 依照 8. C 名字是被签上的9. C 倍数表达法 倍数+as+原级+as10. C be known as 作为。。。。。。而著名 be known to 为。。。。。。所知 be known for 因。。。。。。而著名11. B12. D 渐渐地13. A14. B15. B 完型填空1．C 可以从第14个空后的 into the business world 得到启示。 2．A 从第一段最后一句话得到答案。3．B 从下句话中的单词 profession, schools, colleges 得出答案。 4．C 从下句中得到答案。5．D 根据后面 because 引导的原因状语从句可知。6．A 和第5个空相对应。7．B women 和 men 相对应。8．C accept 在这里表示 be open to。9．D 弗洛伦斯∙南丁格尔开创了护理的先河，所以她比较有名。10．A 从上句中 hospital nursing 得到启示。同时从下句中 training school for nurses 也可知。11．B 利用排除法得到答案。unfit 不适合的，dangerous 危险的，difficult 困难的。只 有B项最符合。12．D 护士照顾病人是常识。13．C 本句意思为：“1867年打字机的发明使女士们走出家门，步入了商业世界。”14．A 可以从文章的第一句话得到启示。15．D 操作打字机，应该有灵活的手指。 16．B hire 雇用。17．B 这种工作在当时是新的。18．C real 真实的；真正的。本句话意思是“到1990年，妇女在学校、医院和办公室工作 成为了现实”。19．D succeed in doing ．．． 成功做成某事。 20．A 从第一段第二句话得到答案。 1．D 细节题。利用快速浏览阅读技巧可在文中第二段第二句 He cannot concentrateon reading ,he makes silly mistakes in his homework or often fails his exams找到答 案。2．C 细节辨认题。第三段告诉我们：当儿子不用心读书，考试不及格时，老师会让儿子 叫来家长去听老师训话。3．C 由“I really feel sorry for my son's mistakes…”可知。4．D 主旨推论题。倒数第二段告诉我们一味的怒气对孩子没好处，实际上他更需要我的 帮助。5．B 这是一道推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段提到“Mary 永远不会忘记多年前她遇 上一个劫匪的那个晚上”,随着故事情节的发展，我们可以看到 Mary 机智地愚弄了劫匪。B 项简明扼要。6．D 这是一道细节理解题。文章第二段提到“那天晚上，她应邀参加一个生日宴会，那个 宴会一直持续到凌晨两点”。7．D 这是一道推理判断题。从文章最后一段“那对耳环价值480英磅，而劫匪拿走的项链 才值6英镑10先令”,所以，Mary 努力掩住项链是为了转移动匪的注意力，宁愿被抢一件便 宜的东西。8．A 这是一道概括归纳题。通读全文故事情节，我们可以看到 Mary 以项链为诱饵，让 劫匪抢了便宜的东西。她临危不惧，随机应变，机智灵活，是个聪明而勇敢的人。9．C1
10．D 数字计算题。根据 so it cooked food in a quarter of the time 判断应选D（ 4×60分钟）。11．B 本文为一篇说明文，主要讲述了日常生活中使用的高压锅是如何发明的。文章首句 话直接引用法国物理学家 Denis Papin 在其书中对高压锅作用的评价，说明高压锅的使用 对人们饮食起了重要作用。下文中描述了高压锅的形状、所用的原材料和发明的过程，以 及高压锅的制作和发展。最后，作者着重阐述了高压锅经过不断完善和革新后，深受人们 的欢迎，可节省时间及方便快捷使用。综合全文，都围绕着高压锅（pressure cooker） 进行叙述，故本文最好的标题应是：Pressure cooker。12．C 这是一道细节理解题。第一段第一句话“一场规模巨大、耗资不菲的电影的著名导 演打算拍摄一个海上日落的场景……”，第一段最后一句“一天晚上，他派出摄制组人员为他 拍摄日落。”说明了他们行动的目的。13．D 这是一道细节理解题。第五段一名工作人员说，“我们这里是东海岸，而太阳从西边 落下，我们只能拍到日出，而不是日落。”而导演想拍日落，所以要把摄制人员派到西海岸。 14．D 这是一道推理判断题。通读全文，我们发现工作人员必须遵照导演的指示，故A项 符合文意；从第五段得知，要是在东海岸，可以看到日出，故B项符合文意；文章倒数第四 段“剧组第二天一大早……”，故C项符合文意；只有D项，其实，导演并未停止拍摄日落。15．A 这是一道细节理解题。文章第一段“……这样，观众们就能看到男主角和女主角在剧 终时互道永别，而背景就是日落……” 写作练习1．It is a deserted island off the coast of Guangdong. 2．Los Angeles is the second largest city in America. 3．He turned around and faced me.4．They live across that street.5．Inner Mongolia lies to the northwest of Tianjin. 6．Under the tree lay an old man.7．The road is covered by snow.8．The country is located in the northern part of Europe. 9．My teacher influenced my decision to study science. 10．Have you been living there ever since?11．He sat opposite(prep.)/opposite(adv.) to the hostess. 12．Can you tell me whereabouts in America he was born?13．His English is improving little by little.14．The population of this country has increase by 10% to 2 million in the past two years.15．We've got to fit five people plus all their luggage in the car.16．The company has expanded its operations in Stanford by opening a new branch office there.17．This city has a population of more than 1,000,000.18．This room is three times as big as that one./This room is three times bigger than that one./ This room is three times the size of that one.19．In terms of money, he 's quite rich, but not in terms of happiness 20．This is a good article compared with your last one.语法选择1. B2. C more than one 表示复数概念，谓语用单数3. A the only one…修饰先行词，定语从句谓语用单数。4. D A+ together with (as well as, rather than, with, except, including, along with, like, besides, but…)+B, 谓语随 A 而变5. A6. A 时间状语从句用现在时代替将来时7. D many times 与完成时态连用8. C 句意：那台新机器正在被测试。9. A 时间状语从句主将从现10. B run 经营11. B be regarded as….被视作为 12. C 被提供工作 13. D14. D15. C句意：在被问到他们对校长的看法时，很多老师说他们宁愿看到他让贤于更年轻的人。考 查介词短语辨析。句中的 step aside 表示“让位，让开”，后面接介词短语 in favor of 表 示这些老师更赞成起用更年轻的人。其他介词短语的主要含义：A 就……而言；B 需要；D 表扬，称赞。16． B句意：把那些花搬进一间暖房，它们很快就会开花。本题考查“祈使句+and+陈述句”这个 特殊句型。该句型中的祈使句相当于 if 引导的条件状语从句。本句还可改为：If you bring the flowers into a warm room,they’ll soon open.17． C句意：在摇滚音乐会中听震耳欲聋的音乐已经导致某些青少年丧失了听力。本题考查主谓 一致。动名词短语在句中作主语时谓语动词须采用单数形式，故排除 B、D 项，根据句意 可知此处为主动语态，时态为现在完成时，故答案为 C 项。
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