Module Three Body Language and Non-verbal Communication 1）词汇能力必学词汇ankle, aggressive, bend, bow, clap, deal, eyebrow, forehead, formal, gesture, hug, informal, stare, unconscious, weapon, wipe, wrist复习词汇chest, finger, greet, kiss, knee, lips, nod, point, position, raise, shake, shoulder, smile, trust, wave,短语by accident, give away, hold up, lift up, make a deal, on guard, say hello to, switch on, up and down,2）听说能力提出建议 3）阅读能力阅读文章，掌握其中语言点。 4）语法能力条件状语从句(Adverbial clause of condition) 让步状语从句(Adverbial clause of concession) 5）写作能力掌握英文请柬的写法 重点词汇拓展：communication(n.)交流，沟通 communicate(v.) unconscious(adj.)无意的，不知不觉的 conscious(adj.)意识到的，自觉的 vary(vi.)变化 variety(n.)种类 various(adj.)各式各样的formal(adj.)正式的 informal(adj.)非正式的 performance(n.)表演 perform(v.) communicate with sb.和某人交流vary from…to 从。。。。。。到。。。。。。变化 by accident 偶然地give away 暴露add…to 把。。。。。。加到 more than 不仅，不止by busy with/doing sth.忙于某事 on guard 保持警惕make a deal 达成协议 hold up 举起 lift up 举起say hello to 向。。。。。。问好 switch on 打开（灯，无线电等） up and down 一上一下stare at 凝视，盯着看
【词汇】1 communicate(1) vi.交流，沟通常用搭配：communicate with sb. 与某人交流His ability to communicate was amazing. 他的沟通能力令人惊奇。Deaf people use gestures to communicate with each other. 聋人用手势交流。 (2)vt 表达（思想）；传递（信息等）He communicated the new data to our office. 他给我们办公室传送新资料。 Generally speaking, teachers are able to communicate their ideas clearly. 一般来说教师能把自己的意思表达清楚。communicate vi. 交流，沟通 vt.传达；表达； communication n [U] [C] 交流；沟通 PracticePut the following sentence into English. 1. 他已把他的愿望告知了我。 _. 2. 我无法同他们联系，无线电坏了。 _. 3. 对于这个问题我正和他交换意见。 .Key1. He has communicated his wishes to me.2. I can’t communicate with them; the radio doesn’t work.3. I am in communication with him on this subject.
2. vary v.(使)变化，(使)多样化The doctor tried to vary the patient's diet. 医生想使病人的饮食多样化。 Questions on this matter varied. 在这件事情上意见各不相同。The temperature varied throughout the day.气温一整天都在变化着。 Tree leaves vary with the seasons. 叶子随着四季的变化而改变。vary vt. vi. (使)变化，(使)多样化； varied adj. 各种各样的；多变化的；variety n. [U] [C] 变化；多样（性）；品种； various adj. 不同的；各种各样的；variously adv. 变化地；丰富多彩地
PracticeTranslate the following sentences into Chinese:1. The size of the apples varied.
2. Her health varies from good to rather weak.
3. She varies her dress as fashion changes.
Key 1. 那些苹果大小各不相同。2. 她的健康状况变化不定，有时好，有时相当差。3. 她的衣着随着潮流而变化。 辨析：vary/differ/changevary 强调某些方面的变化性，如外形，形态等因某种缘故发生了变化，常是不规则或连续 地改变。如 Customs vary with the times.differ 强调某些方面性质的不同，常见句型为：A differs from B in sth. A 在某方面不同 于 B。change 指任何变化，强调与原先的情况不同。3. involve vt.使参与某活动或陷入某状况；牵涉；需要This event involved the bystanders in his dispute with the police. 这一事件把旁观者牵扯进他与警察的争执之中。All the children were involved in the school play. 所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的戏剧。The matter is serious because it involves your reputation. 这件事很严重，因为它影响（牵扯）到你的声誉This lesson involves a lot of work. 这一课需要做的工作有很多。be involved in sth 还可表示“专心做某事”的意思。
PracticeCorrect the following sentences.1. Painting the room involved in moving out the piano. 2. They are deeply involved with debt.3. Don’t involve other people to your mistakes.4. She was involved working out a puzzle.Key 1. 去掉 in. involve 是及物动词，后面直接加宾语 v-ing 形式。2. with 改为 in. be/become/get involved in sth. / with sb. 与某事/某人有牵连 3. to 改为 in. 你犯了错误不要牵连别人。in 表示在某一方面.4. involved 之后加 in. involve 用于被动结构 be involved in sth/doing sth. 意为“专心 于”。
4. conscious adj.有意识的；清醒的；感觉到的； 常用短语：be conscious of 认识到；察觉到（某事）I was increasingly conscious of being stared at on the street.=I was increasingly conscious that many people were staring at me. 我逐渐注意到路人对自己的注意。The old lady spoke to us in her conscious moments.那位老妇人神智清醒时给我们说 过话。conscious adj. 有意识的；感觉到的；清醒的 conscience n. [C] 良心；道德心； consciousness n. [U] 知觉；感觉；意识；观念lose/recover one’s consciousness 失去/恢复知觉
PracticeTranslate the following sentences into Chinese:1. He was very conscious of his shortcomings. .2. He was badly hurt, but he still remained conscious. _.3. He lost his consciousness in the traffic accident. _. Key 1. 他对自己的缺点十分清楚。2. 他伤得很重，但还没有失去知觉。3. 他在这次交通事故中失去了知觉。
5. bend (bent, bent)(1) v.（使）弯曲；弯腰；屈服；转向You must use fire or heat to bend metal.你必须使用火或高温弯曲金属。 He is bent with age. 他因年老而弯腰曲背。The teacher bends a piece of iron into a horseshoe.这位教师把一块铁弯曲成马蹄形。 He bent his mind to the job.他专心于他的工作。Is it possible to bend nature to human will? 有可能让大自然服从人类的意志吗? The stream bends to the west.这条小河折向西流。She bent (over) to pick up a book from the floor.她弯腰从地板上捡起一本书。 The young trees bent in the wind.树苗在风中弯下了腰。(2) n.转弯；弯曲There is a bend in the road. 这条路有个弯。bend vt.& vi. （使）弯曲；弯腰；转向 n.弯曲；转弯; bended adj. 弯曲的；
PracticeTranslate the following sentences into Chinese:1. The boy was strong enough to bend a bow. __.2. He bent his mind to the research project. __.3. The lane bends to the right at the bridge. __.4. The children have been driving me round the bend today. __.5. Never bend your knees to enemy. __. Key for reference1. 这男孩很强壮，能拉开这张弓。2. 他全力以赴地做这一研究课题。3. 小道在桥梁处转弯向右。4. 孩子们今天快把我气疯了。5. 永远不向敌人屈膝。
6. toast(1) v. 烤（面包等）；使暖和；敬酒He toasts himself before a fire. 他在火炉前烤火。 This bread toasts well. 这个面包烤得不错。He was toasted by all his friends.他的朋友全都向他祝酒。Let’s toast the friendship between two countries! 让我们为两国间的友谊干杯！ (2). n.烤面包；干杯；祝酒I like toast for breakfast. 我早餐喜欢吃烤面包。Let’s propose a toast to the health of the guests.让我们提议为来宾的健康干杯。 He drank a toast to the bride and groom. 他提议为新郎新娘干杯。
7．aggressive adj.侵略性的； 攻击性的；挑衅的It's not polite to be aggressive with customers.对顾客有敌对行为是不礼貌的。 He is an aggressive young executive.他是一个进取心很强的年轻管理人员。He is very aggressive.他生性好斗。 PracticeTranslate the following sentences into Chinese: 1.He has a very aggressive manner. .2. If you want to succeed in business, you must be aggressive. .3. His aggressive personality kept him from having many friends. .4. He has such an aggressive manner that every conversation he has with others ends in an argument. . Key 1. 他有一种十分好斗的风格。2. 如果你想在事业上成功，就必须有闯劲。3. 他那积极进取的性格使他不能有很多朋友。4. 他态度偏激，以至他每次与别人谈话总要演变成一场争论。
8．spread n./ v. n. 伸展, 展开, 传播,涂, 敷, 散布 （spread, spread） spread out the tablecloth 展开桌布a bird spreading its wings 鸟儿展翅We spread the bicycle parts out on the floor.我们将自行车零件摊开。 spread the news 传播消息The word spread fast. 消息散布得很快。常见搭配：spread sth. on/over sth.把某物铺在。。。。。。上 Spread sth. with sth.把某物涂在。。。。。。上Spread out 展开，张开，散开 Spread oneself 舒展身体 Spread to 传到，波及，蔓延到
9. give away 常见的两个意思是： 1) 赠送，捐赠He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把大部分钱都捐献给了慈善事业。 2) 泄露，暴露She gave away state secrets to the enemy. 她把国家机密泄露给了敌人 10. deal n. 协议，交易，很多 v.处理，相处make a deal 达成协议a great/good deal （常接比较级）……得多a great/good deal of 大量，许多（修饰不可数名词） That’s a deal.一言为定Deal with 处理，安排，论述，涉及，做买卖 Deal in 经营What do you do with the difficulties you face?= How do you deal with the difficulties you face?Many years’ dealing in fruits makes him an expert in this field. The company has made a new deal with a buyer in America.Deal with a man as he deals with you. 以其人之道，还治其人之身。 I failed to find any book dealing with American Civil War.They’ve spent a great deal of money.11. request vt.请求，要求 n.请求，要求，邀请 Make a request for 要求At sb’s request 应某人的要求=at the request of sb. Upon/on request 一经要求In great request 极需要Request sth. of/from sb.向某人请求某事 Request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事 Request that+从句 请求 辨析：request/ask/demand/requirerequest 指通过正式手续非常有礼貌，客气地“请求”常用于恐怕对方由于种种原因不能答 应的场合。ask 是常用词，往往带有期望得到肯定答复的意思。 demand 语气严厉，表示非得到不可的要求。require 强调根据事业，需要或纪律，法律等而提出的要求。All club members are requested to attend the annual meeting. Further details will be sent on request.I requested that he should come an hour earlier. I requested a loan from the bank.He was there at the request of his manager.【阅读】1. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。 When in Rome 是 When you are in Rome 的省略。 1) 在 when, while, whenever, till, as soon as, if, unless, as if, as, whether 等引导的状语从句中，若谓语动词有 be, 而主语又跟主句的主语相同或主语是 it 时，常省略从句的主 语和 be, 成为“连词 + 非谓语动词/形容词”形式作状语。If necessary, ring me at home --- you know my number. 如有必要，你给我往家里打电话 --- 你是知道我的电话号码的。Errors, if (there are) any, should be corrected. 如果有错误，就应该改正。2) 在 as, than, however, whatever, no matter what 等引导的从句中常省略某些成分。 She speaks English better than anyone else (speaks) in the class.她英语讲得比班上 其他人好。2. Although these are very important, we communicate with more than just spoken and written words. 尽管单词和句子很重要，但我们不仅是用口语和书面语进行 交流。本句中的 more than 意思是“不仅仅，远甚于”，又如：Hibernation is more than sleep. It is a deep sleep. 冬眠不是一般的睡眠，而是一种沉 睡。more than 另有更多的用法：1）不仅仅(not only)……多与名词或动词连用。Teachers do more than teach us school lessons. They educate us to be useful persons.老师不仅仅教我们课本知识，还教我们如何做有用的人。 2）非常（very）---一般和形容词和副词连用I am more than satisfied with what you said. 对于你说的我非常满意。 Practice1．这些足够多了。This is _ __. 2．这是我所不能告诉你的。This is _ _ tell you. 3．和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。Peace means much absence of war.Key 1. more than enough 2. more than I can 3. more than3. So every culture has developed a formal way to greet strangers, to show them we are not aggressive.因此，在所有的文化中人们都有一种向陌生人打招呼的正规的方 式，以表示他们并不具有侵犯倾向。 本句中使用了两个不定式结构，但并不是并列的。第一个 to greet strangers 应该理解成 定语，修饰 way；而第二个 to show them we are not aggressive 是目的状语。4. Muslims give a “salaam”, where they touch their heart, mouth and forehead. 穆 斯林行额手礼，用手触胸、嘴和额头。 本句中 where 所引导的是一个定语从句，修饰 salaam，其中 where 可以翻译成 “在这种礼节中”，也可以使用 in which 代替,这是一个比较抽象的“地点”。 Practice1 Can you think of a situation _ people have mastered a large vocabulary but still can’t understand the meaning of a sentence?2 This is a very good program you can improve your English a lot. Key 1 in which, 2 where5. One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread. 一个 人然后举起手，手掌向外，五指展开。1) hold up 的意思有：举起（本句意思）, 继续下去, 阻挡，武装抢劫，将……举为范例 等：He held the essay up as a model for the students. 他把这篇论文给学生作范例。 He managed to hold up under the daily stress. 他想办法应付每天的生活压力。He was held up on the way to the meeting by the traffic jam. 在来开会的路上，他被 车流堵住了。2) palm outwards and five fingers spread 是独立结构，相当于：One person then holds up his hand when his palm is outwards and five fingers are spread. 独立主格结构的特点：---独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。---名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。---独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 举例：The test finished, we began our holiday.= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.考试结束了，我们开始放假。The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.= If weather permits, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。Practice1. 工作完成后，我们才回家。 The work done, we went home. = After home.2. 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。 _, we went He came into the room and his ears were red with cold. = He came into the room, _ . 3. 他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. = He came out of the library and a large book _ _ __.Key 1. the work was done 2. his ears red with cold 3. is under his arm.
6. Body language is fascinating for anyone to study. 身体语言对于任何研究者来说都具有吸引力。“主语 + be + adj. + 不定式”结构，其中不定式与主语之间是逻辑动宾关系。不定式和主 语之间是逻辑动宾关系，使用及物动词的主动形式，因此不及物动词要加相应的介词。 There are five pairs to choose from, but I’m at a loss which to buy. 有五双袜子可供选择，但我不知所措，不知该选那双。拓展： 在下列句式中，一般用不定式的主动形式。“主语 + have sth. to do”（主语本人）有… … 要做（通常是主语自已做） 如果主语有事要别人做，则用不定式的被动语态。I always have too much work to do.我总是有太多的工作要做。（做工作者为主语） I’m going to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there? 我明天打算去北京。你有没有让我捎的东西吗？注意在后一句中，主语为 you, 但 take 的动作发出者却是 I, 因而用被动语态。 7．Not all body language is conscious.并不是所有的身体语言都是有意识的。该句为部分否定句，当 not 与 all, every, everyone, everything, both 连用时，无论其位 置在哪，皆表示部分否定。All that glitters is not gold.= Not all that glitters is gold.闪光的并不都是金子。 Everyone is not here.= Not everyone is here.并不是人人都在这儿。Everyone can’t become a writer. = Not everyone can become a writer.并不是每个人 都是作家。
语法：本单元的语法项目是条件状语从句和让步状语从句。1．条件状语从句（adverbial clause of condition）条件状语从句由从属连词： if, unless, suppose, as/so long as, on condition that 等引 导,有时还会出现 provided that …/ providing that … 等。You can’t learn a language well unless you work hard. 除非你努力学习，否则是学不 好语言的。We should serve the people as (so) long as we live. 只要我们活着，就应为人民服 务。 在条件状语从句中，通常不用一般将来时，而用一般现在时来代替。We’ll come over to see you on Wednesday if we have time.如果有空，我们星期三来 看你。He will not leave unless it is fine tomorrow.除非明天天晴，否则他不走。 (1) if 引导的条件状语从句if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句以后在虚拟语气中阐 述，在此仅举数例说明。① 与现在事实相反If I were not so busy, I would go for an outing today. 如果今天不是那么忙，我就出去玩了。(事实上：I’m busy, I can’t go for an outing today.)② 与过去事实相反If you had been here yesterday, you would have heard a very good talk. 如果你昨天在这里，你就会听到一个十分精彩的报告。（事实上：You were not here yesterday, so you didn’t hear a very good talk.）③ 与将来事实相反If any one should call, I would come back in no time. 万一有人打电话来，我马上回 来。（事实上，有人打电话的可能性很小）if 引导的条件句可省略主语和连系动词或助动词 be.He will come if (he is) asked. 他如被邀请就会来。在 if necessary, if possible 等结构中省略了 it 和系动词 be.If (it is) necessary, I’ll come at six. 如果有必要，我六点钟来。He wishes, if (it is) possible, to have it printed on a piece of paper. 他希望如果可能 的话，把它印在一张纸上。常用省略形式 if so, if not 等。Do you want to go? If so, I will go with you. 你要去吗？如果要去，我就同你一起去。 Are you busy this afternoon? If not, I wish you would stay with me for a while. 你今天下午忙吗？要是不忙，希望你能与我呆一会儿。if 常和某些不定代词构成省略结构。If anyone, he knows. 如果有人知道，那就是他。There are few people nowadays, if any, who remember him. 当今记得他的人，如果 有的话，也不多了。(2) unless 引导的条件状语从句用 unless（除非，如果… … 不）引导的条件句一般只用肯定形式，不用否定形式，意义相 当于 if … not,但语气比 if … not 强。You will fail unless you work harder. (= … if you do not work harder.) 你要是不再努力些，就要失败。I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy.如果我不太忙，我明天就到那里去。 She won’t lose weight unless she keeps a diet and takes exercise every day.她如果不天天锻炼并节食，她是不会减重的。 (3) suppose 引导的条件状语从句用 suppose 引导的句子表示一种设想或假设，多用于表示条件的疑问句中。Suppose the plane does not arrive on time, what shall I do? 假定飞机不能准时到， 我该怎么办？Suppose he did all this, what then? 就算他完全这样做了，那又怎么样？Suppose he was arrested, we have no proof against him. 就算他被捕，我们也没有任 何证据控告他。(4) as/so long as 引导的条件状语从句用 as/so long as 引导的条件句，强调主句和从句的情况并存；so long as 比 as long as 常用。You may borrow the book so long as you don’t lend it to anyone else.只要你不把这本书借给别人，你就可以借这本书。So long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.只要你高兴，你干什么都无所 谓。(5) on condition that 引导的条件状语从句用 on condition that 引导的条件句，含有某种特定的或规定条件，用法正式，语气较 重。He said he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.他说他将出席这个会议，条件是不要让他发言。He was allowed to go swimming on condition that he kept near the other boys. 他们让他去游泳，条件是不要离开别的男孩太远。I’ll let you have the book on condition that you return it to me next week. 我可以把书借给你，条件是你下星期得还给我。
2. 让步状语从句（adverbial clause of concession） 让步状语从句常由以下从属连词引导：though, although, as, even if, however, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever 等。(1) though, although当有 though, although 时，后面的从句不能有 but，但是 though 和 yet 可连用。 Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。He is very old, but he still works very hard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 （谚语） 典型例题 _she is young, she knows quite a lot.A. When B. However C. Although D. Unless 答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。(2) as, though 引导的倒装句as / though 引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提 前）。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do. 尽管他是个孩子，但他知道如何去做。注意：a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。b. 句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实 义动词一起放在主语之前。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。(3) ever if, even though. 即使We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天不好，我们也要旅行。(4) whether…or… 不管……都Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你信不信，这终归是事实。 (5)"no matter + 疑问词" 或"疑问词 + 后缀 ever"No matter what happened, he would not mind.=Whatever happened, he would not mind.不管发生了什么，他都不在意。 替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoeverno matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，只能引导状语从句。 疑问词 + 后缀 ever 除引导让步状语从句以外，还可引导名词性从句。（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.（对）Whatever you say is of no use now. 你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say 是主语从句)（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。 Practice1. _, he seems unable to do the work wonderfully.A. Try as he does B. As he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try2. The men have to wait all day the doctor works fast.A. if B. whether C. unless D. that3. _ we went those days when we were in the countryside, we were warmly welcomed.A. There B. Where C. Wherever D. Whatever4. We still cannot persuade him to give up smoking hard we tried.A. so B. how C. though D. however5. _ book you borrow, you must return it in two weeks.A. However B. Whichever C. Whenever D. Wherever6. _ he was not rich enough to buy whatever he wanted, Edison decided to make his new laboratory the best.A. Although B. Since C. When D. As Key 1. A 此句为 as 引导的让步状语从句。2. C 这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。只有 unless 和 if 可用来引起条件状语从句， 但 if 用于此不符合句意。3. C wherever 引导一个表示地点的让步状语从句，表示“无论什么地方都… … ”。4. D however 可用来引导让步状语从句，后面直接加形容词或副词。5. B whichever“无论哪一个”表示选择，引导让步状语从句，且在从句中作定语。 6. A 用 although 引导让步状语从句。【写作】请柬的写法 英文请柬和英文邀请信是完全不同的两种形式。请比较下列两个实例： 1．邀请信（Letter of invitation）Mar．20，2007Dear Mr S．Lewis，Our daughter Mary and Mr John Smith are going to get married．The wedding ceremony will be held at eleven o'clock，on Sunday，the first of May，2003at Shanghai International Hotel．Will you and Mrs Lewis come to the ceremony？ Please give us a reply at an early date．
2 请柬（Invitation card） Mr ＆Mrs J．Thomasrequest the honour of the presence of Mr. ＆Mrs. S．Lewis Yours sincerely， J．Thomas at the wedding ceremony of their daughter and Mr. John Smithon Sunday，the first of May two thousand and threeat eleven o'clockShanghai International Hotel R．S．V．P．上面第一封是邀请信，第二封是请柬。两种信内容基本相同，但形式完全不同。邀请信实 际上是一封普通的私人信件，而请柬却是一种十分正式的信的形式，它有其特殊的格式。 请柬需排成两边整齐对称的锯齿形，应用第三人称写。先是写邀请人的姓名，前面需带称 谓或头街。request the pleasure（honour）of the presence of 是套语，邀请别人跳 舞、吃饭等也可用 request the pleasure（honour）of the company of，有时不必写明 被邀人就用 request the honour（pleasure）of your presence， request the pleasure（honour）of your company。套语后是被邀请人的姓名，也需带称谓或头街。接着写邀请的具体内容，然后是时间。时间安排的顺序是星期几，几月几日，年和点 钟，数字都要用英语数字写，不能用阿拉伯数字写，最后是地点。R.S.V.P.是法语缩略词， 意思是“请赐复！”（A reply is requested！） 下面再比较一张中文的请柬和一张英文的请柬：
请 柬兹定于 2007 年 6 月 8 日星期五下午四时在教学楼 102 室举行英语晚会，恭请希 尔曼先生夫人大驾光临。学生会 请赐复！
Invitation CardThe students'unionof Tianjin No.1 High Schoolrequests the honour of the company of Mr ＆Mrs Hillmanat the English Eveningon Saturday，the sixth of August at four P．M．Room One Zero Two，Classroom Building R．S．V．P．
1. you want to get a job as a professor in a well-known university, aPHD degree is needed.A. While B. Though C. If D. After2. Doctor Godwin says that what forceful arguments against cigarette harm there are, many people insist on smoking.A. though B. however C. no matter D. even if3. Catherine’s mother forbids her to go anywhere outside the town _ another member of the family is along.A. without B. if C. unless D. with4. I don’t know what will become of me I am out of work.A. that B. whenever C. when D . whether5. Young he is, he is quite experienced.A. like B. as C. so D. such6. SARS is an illness that can result in death unless left _ in time.A. to treat B. treating C. treated D. treat7. There are simple guidelines that you can follow _ you have no idea how to help your child develop good habits.A. so that B. in case C. unless D. while8. you prefer, I’ll give it to you, but we haven’t any other models for you to choose from.A. Whatever B. Whenever C. However D. Whichever9. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting you don’t mind taking the night train.A. provided B. unless C. though D. until10. We shouldn’t ignore what happens it is difficult for us to accept some stories.A. even if B. as if C. on condition that D. seeing that Keys: 1-5 CCCCB 6-10 CBDAA
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A．Doctor and patient. B．Mother and son. C．Teacher and student. 2．What does the man want to do?A．He wants to buy a new car.B．He wants to buy a second-hand car. C．He wants to rent a car.3．What is the girl going to do? A．She will visit her school alone. B．She will visit her friend.C．She will visit her school with a friend.4．Which of the following does the woman dislike? A．Swimming. B．Surfing. C．Bowling. 5．What’s the weather going to be like this afternoon?A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Rainy. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读 各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 8 题。 6．What is the woman?A．A teacher. B．A receptionist. C．A librarian.7．How many books can the man borrow from the library at one time? A．5. B．4. C．3.8．How long can the man keep the books?A．A week. B．A month. C．Two months. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至 11 题。9．Where have the woman been these days?A．In the police station. B．In the hospital. C．At home. 10．When did the room catch fire?A．Last Friday. B．This Friday. C．Last Saturday. 11．What caused the fire?A．The light in the room. B．The burning candle. C．A stranger set the fire.听第 8 段材料，回答第 12 至 14 题。 12．Who did the man come to pick up?A．His brother. B．His uncle. C．The woman. 13．How many hours has the woman’s flight been delayed for?A．5. B．4. C．3.14．How many people are there in the car if the man takes the woman and the people with her?A．5. B．4. C．2.听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。15．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Seller and buyer. B．Doctor and patient. C．Husband and wife. 16．What does the woman want to eat for lunch?A．A green salad. B．Beefsteak. C．Tomatoes. 17．What food shall they buy?A．A green salad and some tomatoes. B．A green salad and some beefsteak.C．A green salad, some beefsteak and tomatoes. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18．What is the man at that time?A．A doctor. B．An animal keeper. C．A mailman. 19．What happened when the man opened the door?A．The house keeper walked out. B．A dog jumped out.C．He forgot carrying letters with him.20．What did the dog do when the man threw the letters at it? A．It carried the letters to his master.B．It ate the letters.C．It threw the letters away.
Ⅰ词汇根据上下文及提示写出单词或短语1 We want to c_ with each other by using sign language.2 Every culture has developed a f way to greet strangers, to show them we are not a .3 The new motorway is t the peace of the village nearby.4 He was badly hurt in the accident and has been u since then. 5 They are p their stay because they’ve fallen in love with the city. 6 偶然的 _ 7暴露_ 8 举起_ 9 提起_ 12向……问好 15 究竟 II 单项填空 10达成协议_ 13打开 11保持警惕_ 14一上一下的_ _ 1. Fears by SARS have gone gradually.A. raised B. rose C. lifted up D. lifted2. He can be on to keep secret.A. depended B. trusted C. believed D. relied3. A new bill is _. They hope to pass it next week.A. under way B. under controlC. under repair D. under discussion4. The drunken man was still what had done when he was arrested, but after a while he lost .A. unconscious for; consciousness B. conscious of ; consciousnessC. conscious of ; conscious D. conscious of ; unconscious5. Every student studying here is _ the big family of our school.A. a part of B. the part of C. part of D. parts of6. Don’t be afraid of asking for help needed.A. until B. before C. although D. when7. , I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.A. However exciting the movie is B. No matter exciting the movie isC. Whatever exciting the movie is D. No matter how the story is exciting8. We can communicate people in most parts of the world telephone.A. to, with B. with, with C. towards, through D. with, by9. Dark clouds are a _ of rain while a smile is a friendship.A. sign, gesture B. gesture, sign C. sign, manner D. sign, sign 10. While staying abroad, it’s important for you to the customs.A. express B. follow C. join D. keep11. Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may the shocking ending.A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off12. We won’t keep winning games we keep playing well.A. because B. unless C. when D. while13. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster _ _ if a mirror was broken.A. was sure of striking B. was sure of having struckC. was sure to be struck D. was sure to strike 14.The old tower must be saved, the cost is.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever15. It is so difficult for people to understand his action: you can never _ his thoughts.A. study B. learn C. read D. master
1. We can communicate people in every part of the world the Internet.A. with, with B. with, throughC. through, through D. through, with2. The official deeply in the case might be sentenced to death.A. involving B. involvedC. having involved D. having been involved3. This morning traffic was _ by an accident outside the town hall.A. held off B. held up C. held on D. held over4. Because of the hot weather, the disease quickly among the area.A. spread B. spreaded C. sped D. flew5. He his last chance of winning the election when he said the wrong thing on TV.A. gave off B. gave away C. gave in D. gave out6. The government work report by Premier Wen covers a of issues, and social justice in particular.A. affair B. event C. variety D. matter 7. Ronald is _ getting the first place in the competition so he practiced allday long.A. busy with B. bent for C. bent upon D. anxious to8. It’s bad manners to foreigners or point to them with your fingers.A. look at B. stare at C. glance at D. glimpse at9. His words were _ out by loud cheers from the crowd.A. covered B. drowned C. wiped D. carried10. Visitors not to touch the exhibits.A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested11. in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21000.A. To be judged the best B. Judged the bestC. Having judged the best D. Judging the best12. -- that he managed to pass TOEFL?--Oh, he had studied English in the New Oriental School for several years.A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. When was it13. Quite the opposite in fact, I like to live much traffic and noise.A. in which there is B. in the place there isC. Wherever D. where there is14. “Sorry, sorry…” he whispered, _ talking to himself.A. while B. even if C. as if D. when
单项选择：1. Tom and John each other since they finished school.A. haven’t communicated to B. haven’t communicated withC. didn’t communicate to D. didn’t communicate over2. It is obvious that the hopes, goals, fears and desires widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A. alter B. shift C. transfer D. vary3. furs in all his life, the old man’s biggest wish was to buy a diamond necklace for his beloved wife.A. Dealt in B. Dealing in C. Dealt with D. Dealing with4. “Neal, listen,” she said, looking straight at him. “I ask you not to get in this kind of matter. It’s none of your business.”A. caught B. involved C. attached D. connected 5. Papermaking began in China and from here it _ to Norh Africa and Europe.A. spread B. grew C. carried D. developed6. The newly-founded chess club formally us to attend the opening ceremony.A. requested B. required C. demanded D. commanded7. A fashion this year may be next year.A. out of favour, into favour B. in favour, out of favourC. in favour of, of favour D. to favour, out of favour8. After a long distant race, the woman athlete’s legs almost under her.A. gave out B. gave in C. gave up D. gave away9. –Did you take enough money with you?--No, I needed I thought I would.A. not so much as B. as much asC. much more than D. much less than10. –Is there any to the time that I can stay here?--Yes, you must leave here before he comes back.A. number B. length C. limit D. matter11. He rumours here and there that the price would go up.A. spread B. spreaded C. expanded D. extended12. He is _ a friend to me. He is in a way my English teacher.A. no more than B. more than C. not more than D. nothing but13. Last summer I took a course on poisonous gases.A. how to deal with B. what to deal withC. how to be dealt with D. what to be dealt with14. People have planted a great many trees in order to wind and sand in the desert.A. hold down B. hold up C. hold back D. hold out15. –Which of those novels do you like most?-- __.They are both expensive and of little use.A. None B. Neither C. All D. Both16. –Irene got the first place in the physics competition.-- __? I don’t like science, anyway.A. Why not B. So what C. What if D. How come17. Before radio and TV, music could only be heard _, that is, you had to go to places where musicians give performances.A. live B. alive C. living D. lively 18. The government is trying to the drug dealing in the southern part ofthe country.A. wipe out B. wipe away C. wipe off D. wipe up19. in health, he persisted in doing the experiment.A. As he was poor B. Poor as he wasC. Poor was he D. Poor he was though20. Men and women can people from all over the world by sending and receiving electronic mail.A. agree with B. communicate withC. communicate to D. write to21. Although lots of people were watching around, none of them .A. was offered to help B. was offering helpC. offered helping D. offered to help22. –Do you think Jack is to blame?--Yes, it was very rude facial paper to the guests at table.A. of him to throw B. for him to throwC. that he threw D. enough to throw23. There were too many people the matter.A. involving B. involving in C. involved D. involved in 阅读理解AAfter the terrible car accident，the whole world had been completely dark and quiet for Robert Edwards for almost ten years，for he became both blind and deaf after the doctor had saved him．The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such a sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life．His family，especially his wife，did their best to tend and comfort him．By and by he finally regained（恢复）the courage to live on．On a hot summer afternoon he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunder storm started all of a sudden．He stood under a large tree in order not to get himself wet.Unfortunately he was stuck down to the ground by a lightning．The witnesses thought him dead but he woke up 20 minutes later，lying face down in muddy water below the tree．He felt that he was trembling badly(发抖很厉害)，but when he opened his eyes，he didn’t dare to believe that he saw a plough lying near the wall ． When Mrs ． Edwards came running up to him ， she shouted to theirneighbours for help．And he saw her and heard her voice for the first time in nearly 10 years．The news of Robert’s regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread across his area，and many doctors came to turn out the news．Most of them say that hegained sight and hearing again obviously from the knock of the lightning. However，no one of them could give convincing reasons．The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since Edwards lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock in a terrible accident，perhaps the only way for them to regain was by another sudden shock．1. When Robert Edwards learned he lost both sight and hearing，he ＿＿＿＿． A．regretted for what he had doneB．was unwilling to face the factC．lost the courage of continuing his lifeD．was looked down upon by his former companions2. On a hot afternoon Robert Edwards stood under a big tree because ＿＿＿＿． A．he hoped to cool himself in the shadeB．he wished to be cured by a sudden shock C．he was waiting for his wife to carry him home D．he didn’t want to get himself wet3. Which word can best describe the feeling of Robert Edwards when he came to himself？A．Regretful． B．Pleasantly surprised．C．Nervous． D．Doubtful．4. When hearing the news that Robert had regained his sight and hearing，many doctors came to _．A．call on him B．ask him for helpC．find out the real reason D．find out whether it was true5. The underlined word “convincing” probably means ． A．believable B．correct C．real D．wrongBAll around the world, people drink tea. But tea does not mean the same thing to everyone. In different countries people have very different ideas about drinking tea.In China, for example, tea is always served when people get together. The Chinese drink it at any time of the day at homes or in teahouses. They drink tea with nothing in it.Tea is also important in Japan. The Japanese have a special way of serving tea called a tea ceremony. It is very old and full of meaning. Everything must be donein a special way in the ceremony. There is even a special room for it in Japanese homes.Another tea-drink country is England. In England, the late afternoon is “teatime”. Almost everyone has a cup of tea then. The English usually make tea ina teapot and drink it with cream and sugar. They also eat cakes, cookies and sandwiches at teatime.In the United States people drink tea mostly for breakfast or after meals. Americans usually use tea bags to make their tea. Tea bags are faster and easier than making tea in teapots. In summer, many Americans drink cold tea-“iced tea.” Sometimes they drink iced tea from cans(罐头), like soda.6. In China, the Chinese drink tea __.A. only in the evening at homeB. only in the daytime in teahouseC. at any time of the day in teahousesD. at any time of the day at homes or in teahouses 7.In Japan, Everything must be done __.A. at an important party B. in a special way in the ceremonyC. when people get together D. when people drink some tea 8.In England, the English usually _.A. eat cakes and sandwiches at homeB. have a special way of serving teaC. are served when people get togetherD. make tea in a teapot and drink it with cream and sugar 9.In the United Sates people .A. drink tea with cream and sugarB. drink tea with nothing in itC. usually make tea in a teapotD. drink tea mostly for breakfast or after meals 10.The passage is about __.A. why tea is important B. the teatime in EnglandC. different ways of tea drinking D. Chinese teaC仔细阅读下列短文，回答文章后面的问题。When I lived in Spain，some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car，before they left，they asked me about how to find accommodation．I suggested that they should stay at “bed and breakfast” houses，because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family．My friends listened to my advice，but they came back with some funny stories．“We didn't stay at bed and breakfast houses，”they said．“Because we found that most families were away on holiday．” I thought this was strange．Finally I understood what had happened．Myfriends spoke little English， and they thought “VACANCIES” meant “holidays” because Spanish word for “holiday” is “vacancies”．So they did not go to houses where the sign outside said “VACANCIES”，which in English meant there are free rooms．Then my friends went to houses where the sign said “NO VACANCIES”， because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday．But they found that these houses were all full．As a result，they stayed at hotels！We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs．In Spanish，a word very similar to “DIVERSION” means fun．In English it means that workman is repairing the road，and that you must take a different road when my friends saw the word “DIVERSION” on a road sign，they thought they were going to have fun．Instead，the road ended in a large hole．English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages．Once in Paris，when someone offered me some more coffee，I said “Thank you” in French．I meant that I would like some more．However，to my surprise the coffee pot was taken away！ Later I found out that “Thank you” in French means “No，thank you”．11．Why I suggested that they stay at bed and breakfast houses? _ 12．What does “No vacancies” mean in English? _13．What will you do if you see a road sign that says “Diversion”? _14．Why I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away? _
英语听力原文(Text 1)M：I’m feeling awful.W：Get some rest and take these three times a day and you should feel better.If you don’t, come back and see me. (Text 2)M：Excuse me, could I rent a car for a few days? W：Have you ever rented a car from us before? (Text 3)W：Dad, could I go to visit my school friend Helen after supper? M：Sure. But remember you must get back earlier.(Text 4)W：I like swimming but not surfing.M：Surfing and bowling are my favorite sports. (Text 5)M：It was hot yesterday, but it’s breezy and pleasant today. W：The weatherman predicts showers this afternoon.(Text 6)M：Excuse me. May I ask you some questions? W：Go ahead.M：How many books can I borrow from the library at one time?W：At this library we let you borrow five. M：How long can I keep them?W：You’re allowed to keep them for a month. But if no one wants them, you can keep them longer. But you can’t keep them for more than one and a half month. If you do, you have to pay a fine.M：OK, thank you very much. (Text 7)M：Where have you been these days? W：In the hospital.M：In the hospital? What happened?W：Didn’t you know that our room caught fire last Friday evening. M：Oh, really? I’m sorry to hear that. But what caused the fire?W：Well, the light in our room was turned off at 11 as usual. Tina lit a candle to go on reading. Unfortunately she fell asleep with the candle still burning besides her. Then her bed caught fire.M：Oh, really? I’m sorry to hear that. (Text 8)M：Excuse me. Are you looking for a taxi? W：Yes, we are.M：I came out here to pick up my brother. He was supposed to get on a flight from Beijing. But he cancelled it at the last minute.W：Can you take us into town? It’s a pity that our flight has been delayed for4 hours.M：How many are you? W：Three. M：Let’s go.(Text 9)M：What food shall I buy today?W：I want a green salad for lunch. For supper, I want some meat. M：What kind of meat, darling?W：Beefsteak.M：How much beefsteak do you want?W：About three pounds. Do we have enough bread and tomatoes?M：We have enough tomatoes, but we don’t have enough bread. Shall I buy some?W：No, I don’t think you’re good at buying steak. (Text 10)I worked as a mailman for a short time. However, I’m afraid of dogs and Ihad a lot of trouble. One day I tried to deliver some letters to a big house. I started to open the gate and all of a sudden a huge dog ran toward me. It growled barked at me. So I threw letters over the fence. The dog picked them up and carried them into the house. The dog was a better mailman than I was. 英语听力答案1-5ACBBC 6-10CABBA 11-15BABBC 16-20ABCBA
必会基础： Ⅰ词汇1 communicate 2 formal, aggressive 3 threatening 4 unconscious 5 prolonging 6 by accident 7give away 8 hold up 9 lift up 10make a deal11 on guard 12 say hello to 13switch on 14 up and down 15 on earth Ⅱ 单项填空1 A raise 的意思是：to cause to arise, appear, or exist,使 ……出现，引起。本句的结构 应该是：fears that were raised…, 由……所引起的恐慌。rise 是不及物动词，lift up 意思 是：提起，拿起。2 D rely on sb. to do sth.的意思是：相信（有时也可以翻译成：指望）某人做某事， depend 很少出现在depend on sb. to do sth 的结构中。3 D under discussion 正在讨论中。4 B be conscious of sth. 意识到…… lose (one’s) consciousness 失去意识。 5 C 表示……的一部分，一般使用part of 即可，前面不再使用冠词。6 D when 的后面省略了it is,此句是时间状语从句（含省略），请参照课文讲解。7 A 无论电影多么精彩，……8 D communicate with sb. 和…...交流，by telephone 中的by 表示手段。 9 A sign 有“迹象、征兆”的意思；gesture 翻译成“姿势、表示”的意思。 10 B 表示“遵循”的意思。11 A give away 泄露， give out 散发， give up 放弃， give off 散发。 12 B 除非我们坚持好好训练，否则我们不会持续赢得比赛。13 D 很多人惯于相信镜子破了就会有灾难降临。be sure to do sth. 经常翻译为：一定会 做某事。14 B whatever 引导的是让步状语从句，可以翻译为：无论代价是什么。15 C read one’s thought 是一个比较常见的搭配，表示：明白某人的想法。 提高拓展：1-5 BBBAB 6-10 CCBCD 11-14 BCDC
高考链接： 单项填空：1-5 BDBBA 6-10 ABACC 11-15 ABACA 16-20 BAABB 21-23 DAD12. B more than修饰名词是意为“不仅仅是”13. A 注意搭配：how…deal with+O. what…do with+O. 16. B So what? 表示说话人不在乎，那又怎样？18. A wipe out去掉，消灭，消除19. B as引导让步状语从句，用部分倒装，表语可提前。 阅读理解1—10：CDBDA DBDDC11. They would be able to practice their English.12. No free rooms.13. Have to take a different road.14. was expecting another cup of coffee
3 “came to himself” 的意思是“苏醒过来”； Pleasantly surprised 可以翻译为：又惊又 喜。4 The news of Robert’s regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread across his area，and many doctors came to turn out the news．turn out 是“证实、证明”的意 思。5 convincing 是 “有说服力的，令人信服的”的意思，通过下文The only reasonable explanation given by… 可以大致猜测出答案。
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