情态助动词
情态动词讲练
情态助动词表示推测，可能性，允许，能力等用法，情态助动词与完成时连用。
（一）情态动词的特征 特征（二）情态动词的基本用法 1．can和could的用法
特别说明：①could可表示请求，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，答语应用 can（即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如：——Could I use your bike tomorrow morning?——Yes, you can.（否定回答可出：No, I’m afraid not.）②惯用形式“cannot…too…”表示“无论怎么……也不（过分）”。如： You cannot be too careful.（你越小心越好。） 惯用形式：“cannot but+不定式（不带to）”表示“不得不，只好”。如：I cannot but admire your bravery. 我不得不钦佩你的勇气。I could not but choose to go. 我不得不去。（我只好去）。③can与be able to都表示能力，在意义上没有区分。 但can只有现在式和过去式（could），而be able to则有更多的形式。如： 过去时：was/were able to将来时：will be able to 完成时：have/has been able to如果要表达将来的能力时，一般要用be able to. 如：I’ll be able to speak French in a few months.用be able to的过去式was/were able to表示在过去某时的某一场合设法做成了某事，相当于managed to do,而could则无此意义。如：The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from it. 2．may与might的用法
说明：may as well 还是……好。如：We may as well stay where we are. 我们留在现在的地方倒也不错。You may as well tell me the truth. 你还是把真相告诉我的好。 3．must和have to的用法
4．shall与should的用法情态动词 用法 例句 用于第一个称，表示征求对方的意愿 What shall we do next? 用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说 话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示
用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说 话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺加顿号 “、”威胁 Shall we begin our lesson? Shall the driver wait?When shall my farther be able to leave hospital?You shall go with me.（命令）You shall have the book when I finished it.（允诺）He shall be punished. (威胁) 用于表示劝告的建议，作“应该”讲 We should be strict withourselves.You should keep your promise. 用于表示推测，译为“可能”或“该”讲 They should arrive by two o’clock. 用于第一人称时可表示说话人的一种谦 逊、和气、委婉的语气
还可以用在if引导的条件从句中，表示一 件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全 不可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓 语用should加动词原形构成，主句都不 一定用虚拟语气
Why/How+should结构表示说话人对某 事不能理解，感到意外惊异等意思，意 为“竟会” I should advise you not to do that.（我倒是劝你是别这样做。）You are mistaken, I should say.（依我看，你是搞错了。）Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him.（你万一见到汤姆，请你让他给我打 个电话。）Should I be free tomorrow, I’ll come.（万一我明天有时间，我就过来。） If things should change suddenly, please let me know.（万一情况突变，请通知我。）Why should you be so late today?（你今天怎么来的这么晚？）I don’t know why you should think that I did it.（我真不明白你凭什么认为这件事是 我干的。） 5．will与would的用法
说明：would与used to之区别：would可用来表示过去反复出现的动作，但不能表示过去存在的状态，所以我们不 能说：”She would be a quiet girl.”而used to则着眼于过去和现在的对比，隐含现在已不 复如此之意，动作或状态都可表示。如：He used to be a naughty boy. He used to make a lot of troubles. 他过去是个淘气的孩子，总是惹很多麻烦。 6．need与dare的用法
7．ought to的用法
说明：should与ought to表示“应该”时的区别：should表示自己的主观看法，而ought to语气重，含有“按道理应该…”之意，如要 反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定时一般用ought to。如：You should help them with their work.You are his father. You ought to get him to receive good education. （三）“情态动词+have done”的用法情态动词+不 定式完成式 用法 例句 must have done
can have done
could have done
may/might have done
might have done
should/ough t to have done
needn’t have done
had better have done 表示对过去已经发生的行为进行 推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了 某事”
表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和 不肯定，通常用在否定句和疑问 句中可用于肯定句中，表示“可能已 经……”之意，此外，还可以表示 过去没有实际的可能性， 意为 “本来可以…” 表示对过去已发生行为的推测， 意 为 “ 也 许 / 或 许 / 已 经 （ 没 有）…”。一般只用于肯定句或否 定 句 中 ， 不 用 于 疑 问 句 。 用 might则表示语气更加不肯定 表示“本来可能……”，但实际上没 有发生的事。另外，还可以表示 “本来应该或可以做某事”之意， 含有轻微的责备语气用于肯定句时，表示“本该做某 事”，而实际上未做；用于否定 句时，则表示不该做的事反而做 了
表示做了本来不必去做的事注 意：didn’t need to do表示“没 必要做而实际上也没有做某事”
用于事后的建议，含轻微责备的 口 吻 ， 意 为 “ 当 时 最 好 做 了 某 事”，其否定式had better not It must have rained last night, for the road was quite muddy.The lights were out. They must have been asleep.He cannot have forgotten it. Can he have gone to his aunt’s?
You could have done better, but you were too careless.I saw Mr. Wang just now. He couldn’t have gone to Beijing.It’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed.He may not have finished the work. She might have caught a cold.
You should not have swum in that sea. You might have been eaten by fish.You might have given him more help, though you were busy.You should have come to the meeting earlier.You ought to have done this exercise more carefully.You shouldn’t have told her the truth/He ought not to have treated his parents like that.You needn’t have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.I didn’t need to clean the windows. My brother did it.You had better have started earlier. You had better not have scolded her.
（四）情态动词的其它常考用法：可表推断的情态动词can, could, may, might, must, should, would, have to都可用来表示推测。情态动 词+原形动词表示对现在情况的推测；情态动词+have+过去分词表示对过去情况的推测。 它们在用法综述如下：（1）can用于否定句和疑问句，如：He cannot be her husband.他不可能是她丈夫。It cannot have been lost in the post.它不可能掉在邮筒里。Can my wife have done such a thing? 我妻子会做那样的事吗？Can it be true? 这可能是真的吗？（2）用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句，如：He could be ill.他可能病了。He could not have seen me yesterday because I wasn’t there. 他昨天不可能见到 我，因为我不在那里。Could she have heard of him? Yes, she must have heard of him. 她可能听说过他 吗？是吗，她想必听说过他。（3）may用于肯定句和否定句，不用于疑问句，如：That may be so, but I doubt it. 可能是这样，但我对此表示怀疑。 It may have been my mistake. 那可能是我的过错。English may be hard, but it’s so useful. 英语也许难学，但很有用。 What he said may not be true.他说的可能不会是真的。It’s no use going to his house. He may not have gone home. He may havegone somewhere else. 到他家去没有用，他可能没有回家；也可能到别的地方去了。 Can they have missed the train? Yes, they may have missed the train.他们可能误车吗？他们可能误了车。（4）might用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句，如：He might and might not be mad. 他也许疯了也许没疯。Nobody stopped him， he might have been a passenger’s child.无人阻挡他， 他或许是某个旅客的孩子。I thought it might be right.我想这可能是对的。She might not have heard of you before. 她以前也许没听说过你。（5）must 只用于肯定句，如：She must be in. 她可能在家。He must be reading in the reading-room. 他或许在图书馆阅读。Her father thought she must have met a fairy. 她父亲想她想必遇上了仙女。 The room must have been cleaned by Weifang. 这房间想必是魏芳打扫的。They must be hidden among trees. 他们想必隐藏在森林里。（6）should 用于肯定句，如：They should have arrived in Beijing by this time. 这时候他们想必到了北京。（7）would用于肯定句，如：I would be nine when my father died. 我父亲去世 时我想必九岁。That would be in spring 1964.那可能是一九六四年春天。（8）have to 用于肯定句，如：That has to be the best dinner ever.那可能是迄今 最好的一餐可表“原来……而未……”的情态动词should (could, might, ought to)+过去分词，可表示“原本……而未”的意思，如： I should have gone there alone. 我本该一个人到那里去。You should have been here five minutes ago.你本该五分钟前就到达这儿。You shouldn’t have kept the recorder in the damp place. 你本不该把录音机放在 潮湿的地方，I could have gone with you.我本可和你一块去的.You could have been more careful. 你本应更小心一些。I might have completed the work earlier. 我本可以早些完成这项工作。 You might have made greater progress. 你本可以取得更大的进步。You ought to have given me something to eat then. 那时你本该给点东西给我吃。She ought to have arrived at our school by now. 这时候她本该到达我们学校了。 另：needn’t have+过去分词表示“本不必”，如：Your elder brother needn’t have come last night. 你哥哥昨晚本不必来。 We needn’t have waited for him. 我们本不必等他。再：was (were)going to +不定式也可表示过去本该而未实现的事，如：He was going to have a talk with me yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午他本打算和我谈谈。Last Sunday we were going for an outing but it rained. 上星期天，我们本想去郊 游，但天下雨。
点击典型、易错试题(一)同类词语意义不清[考题1]---Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?---No，it __be him．I'm sure he doesn’t wear glasses．A．can’t B．must not C．won’t D．may not 解题思路：句意：---那边那个人不是Ann的丈夫吗?一不是，不可能是他。我确信他是不戴眼镜的。can用于否定句表示怀疑和否定。 答案：A易错警示：切记must not／may not表禁止，must／will只能用于肯定句，表示有把 握的推测。[考题2]I often see lights in that empty house．Do you think I __report it to the police?A．should B．may C．will D．can 解题思路：句意：我经常看到那座空房子里有灯亮。你认为我应该把这件事向警局报告吗?should和will分别用于第一人称和第二人称疑问句，表示征询意见。 答案：A易错警示：can／may用于疑问句则表示请求允许。can多用于口语中，may较正式。[ 考 题 3]“The interest be divided into five parts ， according to the agreement made by both sides，”declared the judge．A．may B．should C．must D．shall 解题思路：句意：法官宣布，“根据双方达成的协议，利息应分成五部分”。shall在条约、规章、法令等文件中表义务或规定，一般用于第三人称，表示“必须／应”。 答案：D 易错警示：must和should都表义务／责任，意为“应该／当”；may表允许。[考题4]A left-luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time，especially at a railway station．A．should B．can C．must D．will 解题思路：句意：行李寄存处是可以短时存放行李的地方，尤其设在车站处。can表允许；should／must表责任；will表意愿。 答案：B 易错警示：容易忽视can表允许这一层意思。[考题5]I should have been there，but I _not find the time． A．would B．could C． might D．should 解题思路：分析题意可知第二个分句表示过去的某种能力，故本题选B。 答案：B易错警示：C项只表示语气上的可能性，与题意不符。[考题6] The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone __get out．A．had to B．would C．could D．was able to 解题思路：该题考查了could和be able to的区别，二者都可表示过去时间的能力，但如果表示过去成功地做了某事只能使用was／were able to do。 答案：D易错警示：容易忽略can与be able to的区别。 (二)语境理解错误[考题7]---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.---Oh，he _have been a very smart boy then． A．could B．should C．might D．must解题思路：句意：—Tom年纪轻轻的就大学毕业了。—哦，他当时一定是个很聪明的 孩子。must have done是对过去的肯定推测。答案：D易错警示：should have done表示所期望的动作未完成，作“本应该”解；could have done／might have done表示“本来能够／可以”，都是可能性较小的推测。[考题8]---I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow．---You her last week．A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told 解题思路：句意：—我明天将要告诉Mary有关新工作的事。—你本应该上周就告诉她的。should have done表示所期望的动作未完成，作“本应该”解。 答案：D。易错警示：ought to／must do表“应当／必须”，指现在或将来；would have done 表“本来要／会”。[考题9]---Who is the girl standing over there?---Well，if you _know，her name is Mabel． A．may B．can C．must D．shall解题思路：句意：一站在那边的女孩是谁?—哦，如果你一定要知道的话，那我就告 诉你她叫Mabel。may／can表允许，“可以”；if you must do sth.(表示虽不赞同但可允 许)如果一定要那么做；shall用在表意图、要求的从句中，有“应该／要”之意。答案：C 易错警示：情态动词的选择也要结合语境分析。[考题10]---Excuse me，but I want to use your computer to type a report．---You have my computer if you don’t take care of it． A．shan’t B．might not C．needn’t D．shouldn’t解题思路：句意：—对不起，我想用你的电脑打一篇报告。—如果你不把我的电脑照 管好，你就不能借。shan’t=shall not。shall用于第二、三人称中，表说话者的意图、允 诺、警告、命令、决心等。答案：A易错警示：might not也表不可以，但语气过分委婉；needn’t表不必；shouldn’t表 不该。[考题11]---Is John coming by train?---He should，but he _not．He likes driving his car． A．must B．can C．need D．may解题思路：come，go，leave，start等趋向动词的进行时表示将来时，所以答语是对 这一将来动作作出的推断。may not“可能不；不一定”，根据he likes driving his car可以看出John可能乘火车来，也可能自己开车来。may not正好符合这一语境。must not“不 准”；can not“不可能”；need not“不必”。答案：D易错警示：容易错选B，但can not表不可能。 [考题12]---Shall I tell John about it?---No，you ．I’ve told him already．A．needn’t B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 解题思路：情态动词shall在试题中表示征询对方意见或请求指示。答句暗示“没有必要了”，故本题选A。 答案：A易错警示：注意上下文语境的提示。[考题13]---Mum，I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock．_ I go out and play with Tom for a while?---No, I’m afraid not．Besides，it’s raining outside now．A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t 解题思路：句意：---妈妈，我从8点开始一直在学英语。难道我不可以出去和Tom玩一会吗?---不可以，恐怕不行。而且外面现在正下着雨。can表许可或请求，will／would 表意志、意愿、建议，意为“愿／要”。答案：A 易错警示：can用在口语中，代替may／might，作“可以”讲。举一反三1．A left-luggage office is a place where bags be left for a short time, especially at a railway station．A．should B．can C．must D．will2．How you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A．can B．must C．need D．may 3．---The room is so dirty． _ we clean it?---Of course．A．Will B．Shall C．Would D．Do 4．Naturally，after I told her what to do，my daughter go and do the opposite!A．may B．can C．must D．should 5．My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared．Who have taken it?A．should B．must C．could D．would 6．Look at the trouble I am in! If only I your advice．A．followed B．would follow C．had followed D．should follow 7．---Will you stay for lunch?---Sorry， ．My brother is coming to see me．A．I mustn’t B．I can’t C．I needn’t D．I won’t 8．---I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter．---It true because there was little snow there．A．may not be B．won’t be C．couldn’t be D．mustn’t be 9．It has been announced that candidates remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected．A．can B．will C．may D．shall10．It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I __in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown．A．wouldn’t have fallen B．had not fallenC．should fall D．were to fall11．--- I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coins． I have a look?---Yes，certainly．A．Do B．May C．Shall D．Should 12．Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach．I __so much fried chicken just now．A．shouldn’t eat B．mustn’t have eatenC．shouldn’t have eaten D．mustn’t eaten13．I was really anxious about you．You home without a word． A．mustn’t leave B．shouldn’t have leftC．couldn’t have left D．needn’t leave14．You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _be so rude to a lady．A．might B．need C．should D．would 15．Sorry I’m late．I _have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again．A．might B．should C．can D．will 16．Mr．Bush is on time for everything．How _it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?A．can B．should C．may D．must17 ． Children under l2 years of age in that country be under adult supervision when in a public library．A．must B．may C．can D．need18．---Are you coming to Jeff ’s party?---I’m not sure．I __go to the concert instead．A．must B．would C．should D．might 19．He paid for a seat，when he have entered free．A．could B．would C．must D．need 20．---I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake．---It __Harry’s．He always wears green．A．could be B．will be C．mustn’t be D．has to be21．---The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for l3 years before she returned．---Oh，dear! She _a lot of difficulties.A．may go through B．might go through C．ought to have gone through D．must have gone through 22．Helen __go on the trip with us，but she isn’t quite sure yet． A．shall B．must C．may D．can23．I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police ear．They __at least l50 kilometers an hour．A．should have been doing B．must have been doingC．could have done D．would have done 24．---Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere．---Well．He have gone far—his coat’s still here．A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t 25．---Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.---She ．I’ve already borrowed one．A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t26．The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it __be very slow．A．should B．must C．will D．can27．Why didn’t you tell me there was no meeting today? I _all the way here __the heavy snow．A．needn’t have driven；through B．can’t have driven；across C．mustn’t have driven；through D．shouldn’t have driven；cross 28．When we worked in the same office，we __often have coffee together． A．would B．should C．could D．ought to 29．--Have you heard the terrorists were driven out of the country?--Yes．_ __peace return to the troubled land!A．Will B．Shall C．Can D．May30 ． Two bags which _to HongKong were at this moment being loaded abroad a flight to Guangzhou．A．should have gone B．should be goingC．must have gone D．must be going Keys:1．B易错警示：can“能够”，用于肯定句中表示可能性。此句中指人可以把包裹存放 在行李存放处。should“应当”；must“必须”，表义务和责任；will表示愿意。2．A易错警示：can用于疑问句和否定句表示惊异，不相信等。译文：如果你只看了 文章的一部分，怎么可以说你了解了整个故事呢?3．B易错警示：shall用于一般疑问句中主语常用第一、第三人称，表示征求对方意见 或请求允许。will和would在疑问句中，主语常用第二人称。4．C易错警示：一定要注意上下文的提示，确定可能性大小。从“Naturally”可以看出 这个动作发生的可能性非常大。must表示“一定”，用于肯定句中表猜测，故选C。should 意为“应该”，can表示能力，而may的可能性很小。5．C易错警示：注意区分情态动词+have done表推测与虚拟的区别。could have done表示对过去情况的推断，“可能是……”；should have done表示本来应该做而没有 做；must have done表示过去一定那样做了，对过去情况的断定；would have done常用来表示虚拟语气。6．C易错警示：虚拟语气用if only引导，表示“要是……就好了”。此处表与过去情况 的相反。意为：如果听了你的劝告，我就不会有那么多麻烦。7．B易错警示：问句虽然用will提问，但不能用I won’t回答，这样回答使语气生硬， 不符合英语习惯。用I can’t语气委婉，表示我愿意留下来吃午饭，但是由于兄弟要来而不 能留下来。I mustn’t表示禁止；I needn’t表示“我没必要”。8．C易错警示：couldn’t +动词原形，表示对过去情况的否定推测“不可能”。may not be表示对现在情况的否定推测。“可能不”根据there was little snow说明对方所说的 去山里滑雪这件事不可能是真的。9．D易错警示：shall用于陈述句的第三人称时，表示按法律，法规应发生的事。10．B易错警示：主句中的谓语表示对现在的虚拟，条件句中的谓语表示对过去情况的 虚拟，结合后面的时间状语at the age of seven为混合条件句。11．B易错警示：shall用于询问或请对方做决定的建议中，表示“让某人做……”。Shall I have a look?=Do you want me to have a look? may I 表请求对方允许12．C易错警示：just now是表示过去的时间状语。情态动词在表示过去发生的事 时，必须用情态动词+have+过去分词的形式，所以只能在选项B或C中确定答案。但是 mustn’t have eaten是一个错误选项，因为“mustn’t+动词”表示禁止，不表示判断或推 测。13．B易错警示：shouldn’t have done表示本来不应该做而做了，含责备意味。 14．C易错警示：should用于表示感情、意向等句中的that从句，表示“竟然……，居然……”的惊讶，出乎意料。15．A易错警示：might have done sth．的意思是“(过去)可能做某事”，表推测； should have done sth．的意思是“本不应该做某事”，表责备。从句子的意思可知，可能 当时把闹钟关上了，而不是本来不应该把闹钟关上。16．A易错警示：can表示可能性的推测，常用于疑问句或否定句中；may表“可能性” 常用于肯定句或否定句中；must常用于肯定句中表推测，“一定……”的意思。17．A易错警示：句意：那个国家l2岁以下的孩子在公共图书馆里时必须在大人的监督 下。must表义务命令或必要，含“必须／应当”之义；may／can表允许；need表需要，只 用于疑问句和否定句中。18．D 易错警示：might后接动词原形的意思是“可能做某事”。因为对方回答说：“I’m not sure．”，表明他可能会去看音乐会，但没有十分的把握。19．A易错警示：注意“情态动词+have done”结构的用法和区别。20．A易错警示：注意在具体语境中区别情态动词的具体含义。21．D易错警示：根据语境判断应使用的情态动词和时态。22．C易错警示：情态动词表不确定的推测应用may。23．B易错警示：过去某一动作正在进行用过去进行时，这里用must表肯定的推测。 24．C 易错警示：否定的推测用can’t，不用mustn’t。 25．C易错警示：正确理解I’ve already borrowed one与前面情态动词的关系。 26．D易错警示：can表示可能性时，用于肯定句中往往指理论上的可能性。27．A易错警示：区别几个情态动词后接完成时结构的用法。28．A易错警示：注意掌握would表过去习惯、习性、倾向。29．D易错警示：may+表祝愿，常提至句首。30．A易错警示：正确理解句子结构。
Ⅰ听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有 1 个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。1. What are the speakers doing?A. They are watching TV.B. They are talking face to face.C. They are making a phone call.2. When will the shirts be finished?A. Friday afternoon.B. Saturday morning.C. Saturday afternoon.3. What do we learn from the conversation?A. The woman refused the man's offer.B. The man had forgotten the whole thing.C. The man had hurt the woman's feelings.4. Where did the conversation probably take place?A. At a toy store.B. At school.C. In the office.5. What will the woman do?A. Return the tape to the man at once.B. Borrow a tape from the man next week.C. Return the tape to the man next week. Ⅱ 听短文，选出正确选项。1. Where do the two speakers live now?A. In a small village.B. In a factory.C. In a city.2. Where does the man want to live?A. In a big city.B. In the country.C. In the mountain.3. Why didn't the woman sleep well last night？A. She was not used to the silence.B. She was too tired to go to sleep.C. She was afraid of the noise made by the birds. Ⅲ 听下面的情景对话，填空。Tom: Nice to see you, Mary. __, please.Mary: Thank you, Tom. _. I've come only to return the book borrowed from you.Tom: . I've been waiting for you and longing to know what you think of it.Mary: __. And I've learned a lot from it. Tom: Well, so it is with me.Mary: Oh, sorry. I can't _ about it with you . Tom: . Better stay here for another ten minutes.Mary: No. I'll go and buy some food in the shop. And I have to say good-bye to you.Tom: Good-bye.
选择题：1. Yesterday I （必须）finish my work before five.A. must B. have to C. must have D. had to2. Don't be worried . The news be true.A. can not B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't3. _ you close the window? I'm feeling a bit cold.A. Might B. Could C. Must D. Should4. —Could I borrow your dictionary?—Yes, of course you .A. might B. will C. can D. should5. He went on foot, but he _ by bus.A. should gone B. could have goneC. ought have gone D. could be gone6. Janny have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.A. must B. should C. need D. would7. Such a small child as you a ticket.A. needn't B. doesn't need C. needn't to have D. don't need8. Tom :" I open the window?"Mrs. Brown :"You better not. It's windy outside."A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can 9. —I thought you didn't like him. —I usedn't to but I now.A. am B. do C. like D. am used to10. At the moment she with her brother at home.A. may play B. must be playingC. can play D. must have played11. He the key or he wouldn't have hurried back.A. can't have forgotten B. can't forgetC. must have forgotten D. must forget12. The plant is dead. I it move water.A. would have given B. oughtn't to have givenC. should have given D. must give13. He didn't come yesterday. or you him.A. had seen B. might have seen C. were to see D. would see14. You to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.A. needn't to come B. don't need comeC. don't need coming D. needn't come15. —Must we finish copying all these articles this evening?—No, you __.A. mustn't B. haven't C. not have to D. don't have to16. It is so late. Who it be?A. might B. can C. must D. may17. As a soldier, you _ do as your captain.A. will B. shall C. may D. ought18. You had better _.A. not have the tooth pulled out B. not to have the tooth pulled outC. not have the tooth pull out D. not to have the tooth pull out 单句改错：1. His order that we would get there on time had been sent.2. It is high time that you go to school3. If you attended the meeting, you would have met him.4. He need to get the ticket.5. They not have to get up so early everyday.6. I would rather to go there alone.7. Does he need get a part-time job?8. We must start early, mustn't we?9. He ought have been there five minutes ago.10. Will I come in?
选择题：NMET分类题1．He_ _ you more help, even though he was very busy. A．might have given B．might giveC．may have given D．may give2．A computer_ think for itself; it must be told what to do.A．can’t B．couldn’t C．may not D．might not 3．—Shall we go skating or stay at home?—Which_ do yourself?A．do you rather B．would you ratherC．will you rather D．should you rather 4．—Could I borrow your dictionary?—Yes, of course you .A．might B．will C．can D．should 5．Peter come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.A．must B．can C．may D．will6. Tom ought not to me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told7. —Shall I tell John about it?—No, you __. I've told him already.A. needn't B. wouldn'tC. mustn't D. shouldn't8. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I for her.A. had to write it out B. must have written it outC. should have written it out D. ought to write it out9. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.—It a comfortable journey.A. can't be B. shouldn't beC. mustn't have been D. couldn't have been10. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack be here at any moment.A. must B. need C. should D. can11. Johnny, you play with the knife, you hurt yourself.A. won't can't B. mustn't may C. shouldn't must D. can't shouldn't 12. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to13. —I stayed at a hotel while in New York.—Oh, did you? You with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stayC. would stay D. must have stayed14. —When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They _ be ready by 12:00.A. can B. should C. might D. need15. —Will you stay for lunch?—Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustn't B. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't16. —Are you coming to Jeff's party?—I'm not sure. I go to the concert instead.A. must B. would C. should D. might17. —Write to me when you get home.— _.A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can18. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustn't leave B. shouldn't have leftC. couldn't have left D. needn't have
1. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we itwithout you.A. can manage B. could have managedC. could manage D. can have managed2. –I’m sorry. I at you the other day.--Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shoutedC. mustn’t should D. mustn’t have shouted3. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.A. must B. can C. should D. would4. You be hungry already—you had lunch only two hours ago!A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 5. She _ have left school, for her bike is still here.A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t6. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better.A. need have done B. must have doneC. can have done D. might have done7. Peter be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A. shall B. should C. can D. must8. Liza well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling.A. will B. can C. must D. may9. John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.A. might B. should C. could D. would10. According to the air traffic rules, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding.A. may B. can C. would D. should11. –I can’t find my purse anywhere.--You have lost it while shopping.A. may B. can C. should D. would12. Although this sound like a simple task, great care is needed.A. must B. may C. shall D. should13. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You find the book by the title.A. must B. need C. can D. would14. –What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?--Well, it _ be big—That’s not important.A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. can’t D. won’t
听力原文：Ⅰ听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有 1 个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项。1. M: Excuse me for calling you so late, but I have something urgent to tell you!W: That's all right. 2. M: Do you think you can have these shirts finished by Friday morning?W: I'm sorry. I couldn't possibly get them done by then. Saturday afternoon will be the earliest that you can have them.3. M: Juana, I am terribly sorry. I didn't mean to hurt you. Shall we have a beer and forget the whole thing?W: OK we can drop it this time. But don't do it again.4. W: I hope you'll excuse me for coming to class late. My car broke down. M: I'm sorry, I can't hear you. There's too much noise in this room.5. W: I really like the tape you lent me a week ago. M: I'm glad you like it.W: Not only me. All my classmates enjoyed it. Would you mind if I kept it for another week.M: Sorry. I have to use it myself.Ⅱ 听短文，选出正确选项。M: I think I was very lucky to get that job. Now we are able to live in a small village.W: Ah, but it won't be a small village forever. This is a developing area. There will be a lot more people here in about five years' time.M: Yes, but there won't be any factories. Just two or three office buildings and they will be far behind that woodland over there.W: How did you sleep last night, by the way?M: Very well. Never slept better. It was so quiet!W: I didn't sleep too well. I couldn't get used to the silence. The only noise I heard last night was of some bird at about two o'clock in the morning.M: Well, the silence was wonderful for me. Ⅲ 听下面的情景对话，填空。Tom: Nice to see you, Mary. Come in, please.Mary: Thank you, Tom. But I am afraid not now. I've come only to return the book borrowed from you.Tom: Wonderful. I've been waiting for you a long time and longing to know what you think of it.Mary: It is very interesting. And I've learned a lot from it. Tom: Well, so it is with me.Mary: Oh, sorry. I can't go on talking about it with you any longer. Tom: It doesn't matter. Better stay here for another ten minutes.Mary: No. I'll go and buy some food in the shop. And I have to say good-bye to you.Tom: Good-bye. 听力答案：ⅠCCCBA ⅡABAⅢ Come in / But I am afraid not now / Wonderful / a long time / It is very interesting / go on talking / any longer / It doesn’t matter
必会基础题： 选择题：1．D．have to 表示喜欢的需求。昨天是过去时。排除A、B两项。C是错项应写成 must have + finished.2．A．表示推测，推理用法时must只用于肯定句否定句由can't表示。 3．B．征求对方意见时，主语是you，应用Can you …? Could you / will (would)you?4．C．can回答could所指出的问题。5．B．could have gone本应该坐公共汽车去但实际是走着去的。ought后要加to have gone或should have gone均可作为答案。D项表示的时态与上句不符合。6．B．should have kept表示本应该遵守诺言，（实际未做），带有责备的语气，和下 文change his mind语气一致。7．B．need+名词，need是行为动词，否定句应加上助动词do（ does或did）+ not。8．A．shall用于第一人称I，we前，构成向对方征求对方意见的问句。 9．B．do替代like，避免重覆。10．B．at the moment应用现在进行时态。must be doing意为“一定正在做某 事”。11．C．must have forgotten一定忘记拿钥匙。12．C．should have given表示本应该多浇些水（实际没有浇）。 13．B．might have seen him. 大概会见到他。14．D．B项，don't need后加to come也可作为答案，needn't + do，need是情态 动词。15．D．针对must提出的问题可用，needn't, don't have to, don't need to作为答 语 。16．B．can用于表示疑问的推测句中，may用于肯定句和否定句，must只用于肯定句。17．B．shall用于第二人称，译为“应该”。18．A．had better + not do sth.，have+宾语+done中宾语与done是动宾关系。 单句改错：1．would→should order that 同位语从句中不用would，可用should 或省去 should。2．go→went time后面的从句中应用一般过去时态。 3．attended前加had与would have done相呼应，从句应用had done。 4．need→needs He need do sth. 是情态动词，He needs to do sth.是行为动词。5．not→do have to do的否定或是do not have to do sth. 6．去掉to would rather后只加do的形式。7．get→to get 句首有Does在need后必加to。 8．mustn't→needn’t 反意问句不出现mustn't。 9．ought→ought to ought to + do sth.。 10．will→May 第一人称应用shall I或May I...?
提高拓展题：1．A．从句中was是过去时态，应用A、C，may或might + have done表示对过去 事物的推测，might have done表示可能性更小些。might do或may do应用在目的状语 从句中。He got to the station on time in order that he might (could) meet him. 可 以看出might meet隐含过去将来时态。2．A．must be told是现在时态，can't是“不会、不可能”，may not是“大概不”之意。3．B．would rather是“意愿”的意思，其余三项均为错项。4．C．回答could I (you) do sth.？的问题应用：You can 或I can, can为真实句。 5．C．从but后分句给出无把握的情景句，应用may（大概）的意思，也表示无把握之意与下面句子相呼应。 6．A．but后meant是过去时态，前面分句也应用过去时态，ought not to havetold表示过去事不应该告诉（实际已说出）这一事实。7．A．从句子给出的信息（I've told him already），可以判断出应用needn't “没有 必要”。8．C．told暗示该句是过去时态。but也应用过去时态A、B、C都是过去时态，A、B 项与上面分句意思不顺，C项与but和perhaps语气一致：should have written一我本应 该写出（实际没有写出的意思）。9．D．该句were提供是过去时态，A、B表示现在或将来时态。must表示推测，推理 用法中must不用否定句。10．C．it's提示该句是现在时态should be是将来时意为他应该随时到达。11．B．mustn't 是“禁止、绝对不许”之意。may hurt是大概会伤害你自己。对没有 十分把握的事应用may。12．D．was able to do表示过去通过努力达到的目标的能力。 13．A．could have stayed表示过去本可以做某事而实际没有做 。14．B．15．B．I can't 表示我不能够，后面说明了原因I won't 是我不去。 16．D．I'm not sure 是无把握的意思。might go意为“大概会去”17．C．祈使句隐含将来时态，应用将来时的助动词回答，I will意为我（将）会写的。18．B．shouldn't have left指本不应该做但实际上做了的事。
连接高考题：1-5 BBBBA 6-10 DCDDD 11-14 ABCB
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