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2019年高考英语语法必考考点（5）：形容词和副词含解析
李仕才
【考点解读】
一、基本用法
形容词的基本用法如下表：
句法功能
例句
作定语
The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful. (2012·浙江高考)
作表语
Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible.
作宾语补足语
Life is hard there, and the mountains make communications difficult.
作主语补足语
The upper closet was found empty.
作主语或宾语(与the或所有格连用)
On buses, the young offer their seats to the old, the sick and the disabled.
作伴随状语
The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked.
副词的基本用法如下表：
句法功能
例句
作状语
修饰动词
We used to see each other regularly, but I haven’t heard from him since last year. (2012·辽宁高考)
修饰形容词
Wang Wei can be really stubborn.
修饰其他副词
Neither Tom nor Susan can swim very well.
修饰全句
Obviously, there is much room for improvement in our work.
作表语
Michael is abroad.
作定语
Which is the way out？
作宾语补足语
I am very glad to see you back.
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二、形容词和副词的比较等级
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级、比较级和最高级。
1．比较级和最高级的构成
(1)规则形式
①单音节以及少数以ow(如narrow)结尾的双音节形容词或副词，在原级后加er, est构成。如：clever － cleverer － cleverest。其他特殊变化见下表：
特殊情况
构成方式
例词
以e结尾
加r和st
brave － braver
－ bravest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾
变y为i, 再加
er和est
happy － happier
－ happiest
以重读闭音节结尾
双写词尾，再加
er和est
hot－hotter－hottest
②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级前加more, most构成。
active － more active － most active
happily － more happily － most happily
(2)不规则形式
good/well － better － best
far － farther/further － farthest/furthest
bad /ill /badly － worse － worst
old － older/elder －oldest/eldest
many/much － more － most
little － less － least
2．基本用法
(1)两者相比(甲＝乙)，用“as＋原级＋as”表示。
For cheerleaders, their sport is just as serious as baseball or football.
【温馨提示】在同等比较级中，若同时出现形容词修饰单数可数名词，其语序为：as＋adj.＋a＋n.＋as。
I have never had as boring a day as today.
(2)两者相比(甲乙)，用“比较级＋than”表示，(甲
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