2019中考英语阅读理解编习题（十一）及答案
Passage A
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
In most situations, light helps us see．But nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution．
When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies（星系）．
According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment（设备）．But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city．In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood．
Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky．Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too．
When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles（圈） until they drop from tiredness．Sea turtles（海龟） need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights．
Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that． They are still learning more．
In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution．Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night．Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed．They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels．
Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too．
1．Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?
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A． Because there are fewer and fewer stars．
B． Because human health has been affected．
C． Because too much light is a waste of energy．
D． Because some of the wildlife can be harmed．
2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned（提到）in this passage?
A． The problems that light pollution has caused．
B． The reason why humans use too much light．
C． The ways that light pollution can be reduced．
D． The reason why fewer stars can be seen than before．
3．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A． There are about 2,500 stars in the sky．
B． Humans want to do nothing to reduce light pollution．
C． Sea turtles always get lost and die from tiredness．
D． Something has been done to reduce light pollution．
参考答案DBD
Passage B
Most people want to work, but it has become more difficult in today’s world to find work for everyone. The economy (经济) of the world needs to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for people. Often this is not possible, and so more people are out of work. Some people have no jobs now because new machines can do the work of many people in short time. Also, machines do not ask for more money and longer holiday. In all of the countries of the world, machines are taking work from people, not only in factories but also on the farms. One machine can often do the work from forty people. About 75,000 people are moving to the cities a day to look for jobs, but only 70% of them can find jobs.
1. It was _______ for people to find work before than today.
A. not possible B. difficult C. more difficult D. easier
2. If the economy of the world grows by 4% each year, _______.
A. people will have no jobs B. people can still have jobs as before
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C. 4% of the people will have jobs D. 97% of the people will have jobs
3. One machine can do as much work as _______.
A. 40% of the people B. 4% of the people in the world
C. 40 people D. 75,000 people
4. How many people outside cities go into to look for jobs each day?
A. 70% of the people. B. 4% of the people in the world.
C. More than 75,000. D. About 75,000 people.
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Machines are taking work instead of people.
B. Now more people are out of work.
C. Machines need more money and longer holidays.
D. Most people want to have jobs.
【答案及解析】
1. 由短文的第一句话It has become more difficult in today’s world to find work for everyone. 可知现在找工作比以前更困难，即以前找工作比现在容易得多。所以答案选D。
2. 由短文的第二句话The economy of the world needs to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for the people. 准确地理解了这一句话的意思就能得出正确答案为B。
3. 由短文的倒数第二句话One machine can often do the work of forty people.可知此题的正确答案为C。
4. 此题根据原文的最后一句话可直接得出答案为D。
5. 此题在原文中都可找到答案，而C答案与作者的观点Machines do not ask for more money and longer holiday.不一致，所以选C。
Passage C
A young man once went into town and bought himself a pair of trousers. When he got home, he went upstairs to his bedroom and put them on. He found that they were about two inches too long.
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He came downstairs, where his mother and his two sisters were washing up tea things in the kitchen. “These new trousers are too long.” He said. “ They need shortening (缩短)by about two inches. Would one of you mind doing this for me, please?” His mother and sisters were busy and none of them said anything.
But as soon as his mother had finished washing up, she went quietly upstairs to her son’s bedroom and shortened the trousers by two inches. She came downstairs without saying anything to her daughters.
Later on, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers. She was a kind-hearted girl, so she went quietly upstairs without saying anything to anyone, and shortened the trousers by two inches.
The younger sister went to the cinema, but when she came back, she , too, remembered what her brother had said. So she ran upstairs and took two inches off the legs of the new trousers.
1. The young man bought the new trousers _______ his size.
A. as long as B. two inches longer than
C. as big as D. two inches shorter than
2. He asked _______ to shorten his new trousers.
A. his mother and sisters B. his two sisters
C. his elder sister D. his mother and one of his sisters
3. His mother and sisters ________.
A. agreed to do that B. didn’t want to do that
C. said nothing to him D. said something to him
4. His elder sister shortened the trousers ________.
A. after finished washing B. before she went to bed
C. when she came back from the cinema D. after having supper
5. The next morning the young man would find the trousers were _______.
A. two inches shorter B. four inches shorter
C. six inches shorter D. eight inches shorter
【答案及解析】
1. B. 第一段的最后一句He found that they were about two inches too long.
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2. A. 年轻人提出缩短裤子的要求，这个要求是向在场的妈妈和他的两个姐妹提出的。
3. C. 因当时妈妈和姐妹俩都忙于干活，所以当时都没有回答他的话。
4. D. 从第四段的原句(Later on, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers)中我们可知是晚饭后去把裤子缩短了。
5. C. 通读全文，知道有三人把裤子各缩短了两英寸，那么总共缩短了六英寸。
Passage D
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
Every year when the Italian artist Michelangelo’s (1475－1564) birthday comes around, computer users all over the world are filled with fear（恐惧） and use their computers with care. Some may even choose not to turn on their computers on March 3rd. All this fear and care are just because a deadly computer virus is expected to cause damages（伤害）on that day.
What’s a computer virus then? Why do people get so afraid of it?
A computer virus is, in fact, a little program that is put into other programs and that does something bad. It is called a virus because, like any real life viruses such as AIDS virus, it reproduces (繁殖) itself. And when these programs are run, the virus is brought to life. It hides itself in your computer system waiting for the right moment to make damages. And at the same time it keeps producing itself by copying itself onto other programs.
The Michelangelo virus waits until the artist’s birthday comes around, and then it will wake up to do very bad things like destroying you files.（文件）So next time when you turn on your computer, look out for computer viruses!
1. A computer virus is a kind of .
A. famous person’s birthday B. deadly disease
C. unsafe game D. dangerous program
2. Computer users fear viruses because
A. they can bring users bad luck B. they can cause damages to the users
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C. they may do great harm to computers D. they can change the programs in all computers
3. It seemed that .
A. a computer virus will appear each time you turn on your computer
B. a computer virus is given to the computer by an Italian artist
C. a computer virus will appear at the right time
D. a computer virus can never be got rid of by human beings
4. From the passage we know .
A. many people fear computers because of the viruses
B. a computer virus is just the same as a real life virus.
C. Michelangelo was born on March 3rd
D. the artist Michelangelo was a bad person
5. In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that we should
A. look for computer viruses B. wait for the artist’s birthday to come
C. be careful of computer viruses D. not turn on our computers
参考答案DCCCC
Passage E
（2019中考选练）
Let us begin by saying what causes our dreams. Our dreams do not come from another world. They are not messages from some outside source .They are not a look into the future, either.
All our dreams have something to do with our feelings, fears, longings, wishes, needs and memories. If a person is hungry, or tired, or cold , his dreams may include a feeling of this kind. If the covers on your body, such as a quilt or a blanket, have slipped off your bed, you may dream that you are sleeping on ice or in snow. The material for the dream you will have tonight is likely to come from the experience you have today.
So the subject of your dream usually comes from something that has influence on
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you while you are sleeping（feeling of cold, a noise, a discomfort, etc.）and it may also use your past experiences and the wishes and the interests you have now. This is why children are likely to dream of fairies, older children of school examinations, hungry people of food, home-sick soldiers of their families and prisoners of freedom.
To show you how this is happening while you are asleep and how your needs and wishes can all be joined together in a dream, here is the story of the experiment. A man was asleep and the back of his hand was rubbed with a piece of absorbed cotton. He would dream he was in hospital and his charming girlfriend was visiting him, sitting on the bed and feeling gently his hands!
There are some scientists who have made a special study of why we dream, what we dream and what those dreams mean. Their explanation of dreams, though a bit reasonable, is not accepted by everyone but it offers an interesting approach to the problem. They believe that dreams are mostly expressions of wishes that did not come true. In other words dreaming is a way of having your wishes carried out.
1. From the passage we know that our dreams .
A. are imagination of our daily life B. are man’s curious look into the future
C. have nothing to do with our feelings D. are to some degree connected with our feelings
2. In your dream when you feel like eating something it indicates（暗示）that .
A. you are in a state of being cold B. you are in a state of being tired
C. you are in a state of hunger D. you should have had your dinner that day
3. Some scientists’ explanation of dreams .
A. is not widely accepted though a bit reasonable B. gives an exact description of our life
C. provides us with information of dreams D. is of no use for us
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参考答案DCA
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