2019中考英语阅读理解编习题（1）及答案
Passage A
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
Pollution
Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today. People didn’t have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution （污染）. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and polluted our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It’s bad to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog（烟雾）.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
1. Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _______.
A. there were not any modern machines
B. there was no modern medicine
C. both A and B
D. there were not many people
2. What is the biggest problem in today’s life?
A. Water pollution B. Air pollution
C. Noise D. Pollution
3. The most serious kind of pollution is ________.
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A. noise pollution B. air pollution
C. water pollution D. A, B and C
4. Factories must clean their water ________.
A. before they are thrown away
B. when they are thrown away
C. after it is thrown away
D. before it is thrown away
5. From the passage we know that ________.
A. a few years ago, there was no smog at all
B. today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice
C. we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes’
D. people are making rules in order to fight pollution
参考答案CDBDD
Passage B
-“老”字趣谈
每个国家都有各自的文化习惯，而这种文化上的差异往往会引起一定的误会，不过只要熟悉对方的风俗习惯做到入乡随俗，一切就OK啦！
When my family moved to America in 2010 from a small village in Guangdong, China, we brought not only our luggage, but also our village rules, customs and culture. One of the rules is that young people should always respect(尊敬) elders. Unluckily, this
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rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States.
I had a part-time job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant. One time, when I was serving food to a middle-aged couple, the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly. I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly. As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure. My manager, who happened to hear what I said, took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive(敏感) Americans are and how they dislike the description “old”. I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife. After the couple heard my reason, they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no longer angry.
In my village in China, people are proud of being old. Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty, and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and experience. Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience.
However, in the United States, people think “growing old” is a problem since “old” shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well. Here many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing exercises or jogging, and women put on makeup, hoping to look young. When I told the couple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly, they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young. I had told them something they didn’t want to hear.
After that, I changed the way I had been with older people. It is not that I don’t respect them any more; I still respect them, but now I don’t show my feelings through words.
By Jack
根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。
1. Jack brought the couple their food very fast because _______.
A. the manager asked him to do so
B. he respected the elderly
C. the couple wanted him to do so
D. he wanted more pay
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2. When Jack called the couple “elderly”, they became _______.
A. nervous
B. satisfied
C. unhappy
D. excited
3. In Jack’s hometown, _______.
A. people dislike being called “old”
B. people are proud of being old
C. many people reach the age of seventy or eighty
D. the elderly are the first to get food in restaurants
4. After this experience, Jack _______.
A. lost his job in the restaurant
B. made friends with the couple
C. no longer respected the elderly
D. changed his way with older people
5. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. The more Jack explained, the angrier the couple got.
B. Jack wanted to show his feelings through words after his experience.
C. The manager went back to the table and apologized to the couple.
D. From this experience, Jack learned more about American culture.
【答案及解析】
1. 选B。根据第2段中的I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly可知答案。
2. 选C。根据第2段中的As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure可知他们听到Jack称他们为老者时，一点也不高兴。
3. 选B。根据第3段中的In my village in China, people are proud of being old可知答案。
4. 选D。根据最后一段中的After that, I changed the way I had with older people可知答案。
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5. 选D。根据第2段最后一句After the couple heard my reason, they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no longer angry可知A选项不对；根据文章最后一句but now I don’t show my feelings through words可知B选项不对；根据第2段中的I then waked back to the table and apologized to the wife 可知C 选项也不对，故正确答案为D。
Passage C
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
Think of all the things you throw away：juice bottles，soda cans，candy covers．It adds up．How much rubbish do you produce? Americans throw away about 1 ton of rubbish per person every year．That's 2000 pounds of rubbish! Most of the rubbish gets covered in big holes in the round called landfills(垃圾掩埋法)．
A lot of this rubbish can be recycled，or turned back to something useful．The main things we recycle today are made of metal and paper．
People recycle for many reasons．One of the main reasons is to protect resources(资源)．Making new cans out of old ones means less aluminum(铝) is needed for new cans．
This leads to a second reason people recycle：it saves energy．Recycling old aluminum cans take much less energy than making new aluminum．To make new aluminum，you need to mine metal ore(矿石) from the ground，remove it，and refine it，into a finished metal．
Recycling also protects valuable land．By recycling，we produce less rubbish．That means fewer landfills are needed for dropping our rubbish．Because metals are some what costly to make，they are the world's most recycled materials．About two-thirds of all steel(钢) is recycled．
Almost all drink cans are made of aluminum．Americans recycle about one-third of their used aluminum cans．Empty cans are sent to special factories．There，they are cleaned，melted，and made into new pieces of aluminum．
Americans use lots of paper — mostly in the form of newspapers，magazines，and cardboard boxes．In fact，paper takes up more space in landfills than any other
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material．
Old paper can be cut and made are into new paper．Americans recycle a little more than one-third of their paper rubbish．New papers are made from trees，each ton of recycled paper saves about 17 trees!
1. You can most probably read the passage in _______．
A．a science book B．a Chinese book C．a history book D．a geography book
2. Which material isn’t mentioned in the passage?
A. Paper B. Metal C. Wood D. Water
3. Why do people recycle rubbish?
A．To protect resources because it's hard to make new resources．
B．It can save energy，because the resources are limited(有限)．
C．To protect valuable land，because there is no place to bury rubbish．
D．To protect resources，save energy and protect valuable land．
4. Which of the following is RIGHT?
A．People recycle paper from the trees． B．Papers take up less space in the landfills．
C．Americans recycle a little more than 1/3 of their paper rubbish．
D．To recycle paper can't protect the environment．
5. The main idea of the passage is _______．
A．To let us know it is a big job to deal with rubbish． B.To explain the reasons for rubbish recycle．
C．To describe how to recycle metal and paper．
D. To explain how to recycle rubbish and why to do so．
参考答案ADDCB
Passage D
（2019中考选练）
What a father had done now has been redone by his son. US video game magnate(
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大亨) Richard Garriott headed into space aboard a Russian rocket watched by his father, a NASA astronaut who went into space at the height of the Cold War.
The Russian Soyuz TMA 13 spacecraft lifted off in clear weather from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on the Kazakh steppe(大草原) just after 1 pm local time.
A video game developer from Texas, Garriott paid $ 30 million to fly into space alongside US astronaut Michael Fincke and Russian cosmonaut Yury Lonchakov.
Garriott's father, Owen, watched the launch through telescopes on an observation platform and Garriott's girlfriend, Kelly Miller, burst into tears. “I am very happy for him. It is one of the things he really wanted to do，” Miller said as others opened champagne to celebrate the successful launch.
“I can see he is really enjoying it like a little kid in the candy shop , ” Miller said.
Space officials said the Soyuz rocket had reached orbisafely and would dock with the International Space Station (ISS) in about two days.
“He made it; he made it into orbit. It is marvelous，” said Owen Garriott, a physicist who was selected as an astronaut by NASA for his scientific background. He spent 60 days in space in 1973 and another 10 days in 1983.
After 12 days in space Garriott will return to earth with the ISS's former crew on Soyuz , a three person re entry capsule(返回舱) which has broken down on its last two flights back to earth.
1. Who are the passengers except Richard Garriott in the spacecraft?
①Owen Garriott ②Michael Fincke ③Yury Lonchakov ④Kelly Miller
A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④
2. What was the reason for Richard Garriott's space travel?
A. His father used to be an excellent astronaut.
B. He planned to explore a game about the space.
C. He wanted to make his dream come true.
D. He got too much expectation from his father.
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “dock” ?
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A. join together B. fly together
C. explore together D. run together
4. Which of the following about the Soyuz spacecraft is TRUE?
A. It has been launched into space with Richard Garriott successfully.
B. Owen Garriott once was brought into the space by this spacecraft.
C. The Soyuz re entry capsule has not made a mistake until this flight.
D. Garriott made a second attempt to fly back to earth on Soyuz.
5. In which part of the newspaper will you probably find this passage?
A. Travel. B. Education. C. Science. D. Business.
参考答案BCAAA
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