第3课时 分式
知能优化训练
中考回顾
1.(2018浙江金华中考)若分式x-3x+3的值为0,则x的值为( )
A.3 B.-3
C.3或-3 D.0
答案A
2.(2018北京中考)如果a-b=23,那么代数式a2+b22a-b·aa-b的值为( )
A.3 B.23
C.33 D.43
答案A
3.(2018山东滨州中考)若分式x2-9x-3的值为0,则x的值为 .
答案-3
4.(2018甘肃张掖中考)计算:ba2-b2÷aa-b-1.
解原式=b(a+b)(a-b)÷aa-b-a-ba-b
=b(a+b)(a-b)÷a-a+ba-b
=b(a+b)(a-b)·a-bb
=1a+b.
5.(2018山东滨州中考)先化简,再求值:(xy2+x2y)·xx2+2xy+y2÷x2yx2-y2,其中x=π0-12-1,y=2sin 45°-8.
解原式=xy(x+y)·x(x+y)2·(x+y)(x-y)x2y=x-y.
当x=1-2=-1,y=2-22=-2时,原式=2-1.
模拟预测
1.使分式x-2(x-1)(x-2)有意义,x应满足的条件是( )
A.x≠1 B.x≠2
C.x≠1或x≠2 D.x≠1,且x≠2
答案D
2.如图,电路的总电阻为10 Ω,若R1=2R2,则R1,R2的值分别是( )
A.R1=30 Ω,R2=15 Ω
2
B.R1=203Ω,R2=103Ω
C.R1=15 Ω,R2=30 Ω
D.R1=103Ω,R2=203Ω
答案A
3.化简a+3a-4a-31-1a-2的结果等于( )
A.a-2 B.a+2
C.a-2a-3 D.a-3a-2
答案B
4.若ab=2,则a2-ab+b2a2+b2的值等于( )
A.45 B.1
C.35 D.2
答案C
5.若代数式2x-1-1的值为零,则x= .
答案3
6.若x+y=1,且x≠0,则x+2xy+y2x÷x+yx的值为 .
答案1
7.化简并求值:1x-y+1x+y÷2x-yx2-y2,其中x,y满足|x-2|+(2x-y-3)2=0.
解原式=2x(x-y)(x+y)·(x-y)(x+y)2x-y=2x2x-y.
∵|x-2|+(2x-y-3)2=0,
∴|x-2|=0,(2x-y-3)2=0.
∴x=2,y=1.∴原式=2×22×2-1=43.
8.化简求值:x+1x2-1+x+1x-1÷2-x-5x-1x-1,其中x是不等式3x-22