题型六 基础知识与运用
贵阳五年中考命题规律及趋势
贵阳市中考基础知识与应用部分的具体题型及赋分如下：
题号
题型
内容
题数
小题
分值
分值
小计
赋分
Ⅵ
基础知识
与运用
A.词形转换。(要求学生根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。)
5
1
5
10
B.短语填空。(要求学生根据语境或句意，从所给的六个短语中选择恰当的短语完成句子。)
5
1
5
通过分析贵阳近五年中考基础知识与运用题型，发现A部分单词拼写题主要涉及名词(动词转为名词、名词复数)、形容词(动词转为形容词，比较等级，形容词的反义词)、副词(形容词转为副词)、时态和语态、非谓语动词、数词(基数词转为序数词)、物主代词等。B部分短语填空题主要涉及介词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、名词短语等。
解题方法与技巧
A．词形转换
该题旨在考查学生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力，通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词的词性——弄清所给句子的意思——确定空白处所需的词性——正确写出所填的词。具体操作方法如下：
首先，认真阅读句子，正确理解句意。
其次，分析应填词在句中充当的句子成分，正确判断应填词的词性。
再次，判断所填词应采用的正确词形。若为名词，应注意其单复数，是可数还是不可数，以及是否需要用其所有格形式；若为动词，应注意人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式；若为修饰语，应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词，而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词；若为代词，应明确其所指代的人称和数的相应形式；若为形容词、副词，应注意等级变化；若为数词，要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。
B．短语填空
该题型通常所采用的解题步骤为：明确所给词组或短语的含义——弄清所给句子的意思——确定空白处所需的短语的意思——正确选出所填的短语。
(2018贵阳初中毕业生学业考试)
A．根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．To achieve our dreams，we must take every life choice ______(serious)．
2．If more people give up ______(drive) cars，the air will get much cleaner.
3．Nostalgia was ______(write) by the famous Chinese poet Yu Guangzhong.
4．Mark is very ______(help)．He often fixes up people's broken bikes for free.
5．The true ______(mean) of Christmas is sharing and giving love to people around us.
1．seriously 【解析】修饰动词take应用副词。句意：为了实现我们的梦想，我们必须认真对待每一次人生选择。
2．driving 【解析】give up doing sth.为固定用法，意为“放弃做某事”。句意：如果更多的人放弃开车，空气将会更加洁净。
3．written 【解析】由句意和提示词was可知，
3
此处考查的是一般过去时的被动语态结构：was/were＋动词的过去分词。 句意：《乡愁》是中国著名诗人余光中先生写的诗。
4．helpful 【解析】分析句子结构可知，be动词后用形容词。helpful意为“乐于助人的”。句意：马克是一个乐于助人的人。他经常免费修理人们的破自行车。
5．meaning 【解析】形容词后应接名词。句意：圣诞节的真正含义是向身边的人分享爱和给予爱。
B．根据语境或句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。
1．We shouldn't ______ what we have to do today till tomorrow.
2．Tea，the most popular drink in the world，was invented ______.
3．Nowadays，plenty of women around the world are doing great things and ______．
4．The earthquake happened ______，but luckily no one was injured in the village.
5．______ the government，many poor families in the countryside are leading a better life.
1．put off 【解析】句中缺少谓语动词，should为情态动词，后接动词原形。句意：我们不应该把今天必须做的事推迟到明天。
2．by accident 【解析】这是来源于教材九年级Unit 6课文里面的句子。句意：茶，世界上最受欢迎的饮品，是偶然被发明的。
3．making a difference 【解析】and是并列连词，前后连接的动词短语在时态上应保持一致。句意：如今，世界上许多女性正做着伟大的事情，对世界产生着影响。
4．all of a sudden 【解析】由常识可知，地震是突然发生的。句意：地震突然就发生了，但是幸运的是镇上没有一人受伤。
5．Thanks to 【解析】句意：多亏了政府，乡村里许多贫困家庭正慢慢过上好日子。根据句意可知答案。
(2018贵阳适应性考试)
A．根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Sky lanterns are seen as bright symbols of good __wishes__(wish) in China.
2．What Xi Jinping __said__(say) in 2018's New Year Speech inspired us to work hard and build a great country.
3．The highspeed railway from Chongqing to Guiyang was opened __successfully__(success) on January 18th，2018.
4．All of us should know the importance of __staying__(stay) away from drugs and cherishing our lives.
5．The lifelong learners have the ability to teach __themselves__(they) in different situations and stages.
B．根据语境或句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。
1．Guiyang city is an attractive place.Whoever comes here will __fall__in__love__with__ it.
2．After watching the movie Operation Red Sea，we __are__proud__of____ being Chinese.
3．Our parents will be always there to help us __no__matter__ what problems we have.
3
4．You must make your own decision rather than turn to others for help __all__the__time__．
5．__In__order__to__ make every child receive high quality education，our government has done much work.
2019备考猜押
A.根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．I can't understand the sign which was written by __Japanese__(Japan)．
2．The old man enjoys __collecting__(collect) stamps.
3．This is an __unusual__(usual) problem，so we should deal with it in a different way.
4．I think __foxes__(fox) are really smart.
5．This place is __dangerous__(danger)．
B．根据语境或句意，从方框中选择恰当的短语完成下列各句。
1．It's a waste of time__worrying__about__ the future.Just work hard now.
2．It is __neither__ too cold __nor__ too hot today.It's very comfortable.
3．The __more__ he learns，the __more__ he wants to learn.
4．Jacob doesn't __feel__like__ going there anymore.It's terrible.
5．Just try to make new friends at the party，then you won't feel __left__out__．
3
微信/支付宝扫码支付