2019中考英语阅读、任务型阅读、完形填空精享新编（12）
一、阅读理解。
A
（2019中考选练）
Everyone talks about the advantage of taking time out for “simple pleasures”. The idea is that we will be happier if we often do inexpensive, easy-to-do activities.
However, the problem for many of us is that we don’t know what makes us happy.
When I was in college, my mother gave me some wise advice. She said, “Before you get married and live with another person, you need to spend some time living by yourself. You need to get to know yourself.”
So I did exactly that. For almost two years, I lived by myself. I found that I loved to spend hours looking around in bookstores. I also loved to spend an afternoon just walking around the city. And every so often, I needed the moments of pure silence.
But, of course, we all don’t enjoy the same things.
A simple pleasure for me would be to spend an hour reading a book in my backyard. However, that same activity would give my husband no pleasure. We are all so different.
Sometimes, we already know what makes us happy. However, as life gets busier and we get older, we put aside our simple pleasures.
For example, I had to give up playing the flute（长笛）when I started working and had family responsibilities. Playing my flute seemed selfish（自私的） when no one else in my family could join, but three years ago I returned to playing the flute. I regret having ever stopped.
Simple pleasures are neither simple nor universal（普遍的）.
Our simple pleasures are a reflection（反映）of who we are. They are different activities that give each of us joy.
Certainly there are some common topics—such as being out in nature, doing something creative, or enjoying music and literature—but beyond that, each of us
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has to find out what it is that feeds our souls（灵魂）.
That isn’t always easy in a world in which we have to consider other people’s needs and opinions as well as
our own, but enjoying simple pleasures is something that each of us deserves（应得）.
Think of it as your right, and say to yourself, “Today, I’m going to discover what my simple pleasures are.”
1.What is the writer’s opinion about simple pleasures?
A.They change as we grow older.
B.They can reflect our characters.
C.It’s expensive to achieve them.
D.People with no responsibilities can enjoy them.
2.What does the writer want to tell by sharing her experience of living alone?
A.Wise people often take their mothers’ advice.
B.A couple don’t necessarily share the same interests.
C.It’s necessary to live alone before getting married.
D.It’s worth spending time alone enjoying simple pleasures.
3.What can we learn from the writer’s experience of playing the flute?
A.We should develop an interest that others can take part in.
B.Making our family happy is better than making ourselves happy.
C.Keeping our interests alive is a good method to make ourselves happy.
D.Family responsibilities are more important than our own interests.
4.In the last two paragraphs, the writer
A.suggests readers pay no attention to others’ opinions
B.encourages readers to get simple pleasures actively
C.teaches readers to balance others’ needs with their own needs
D.reminds readers to realize simple pleasures are the most important part of life
【参考答案】1—4、BDCB
B
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隐形杀手——抑郁症
Although we all want happiness and joy every day, sometimes we still feel blue. Most people can control this, but sometimes it can get worse and people fall into depression (抑郁).
This year, the WHO chose“depression” as the theme of World Health Day. This aims to raise people's awareness (意识) of it. According to its recent report, about 322 million people suffered depression in 2015. This is more than 4 percent of the world's population.
Depression is described as a mental disorder(精神疾病). It has several symptoms(症状) like sadness and loss of interest. In extreme cases, depression may lead to suicide (自杀)．
There are three groups of people that are more likely to develop depression, according to WHO. One is old people, while another is women who are pregnant (怀孕的) or have just given birth. And young people are also one of the three groups.
In China, depression among young people is on the rise, Zhu Zhuohong, a famous psychology professor told Xinhua. Competitions, especially in education, can cause a lot of pressure.
Luckily, efforts are being made to solve this problem. Now several social organizations in China are trying hard to help those with depression. WHO also held the “Depression: Let's talk” campaign this month, aiming to make sure that people with depression seek and get help.
1. People with depression even want to ________．
A. seek and get help B. have competitions
C. have pressure D. commit suicide
2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Depression is a mental disorder.
B. Pregnant women are more likely to develop depression.
C. People with depression cannot go to work.
D. Depression among young people is on the rise.
3. The underlined word “blue” in the passage means “________”．
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A. the color of the sky B. sad and hopeless
C. sad music D. bad behavior
4. Depression among young people in China may be caused by ________．
A. pressure B. large population C. sadness D. mental disorder
5. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Depression Development B. Depression—A Silent Killer
C. Education Competitions D. Depression Campaign
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了抑郁症患者的数量、症状、患病人群及为了阻止患抑郁症而采取的一些措施。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：精神抑郁的人甚至想去________。根据第三段最后一句中“...depression may lead to suicide(自杀)．”可知“抑郁者有自杀倾向”，故选D。
2. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下列哪一个叙述是不正确的？A项：抑郁是一种精神疾病；B项：孕妇更可能患抑郁；C项：有抑郁的人不能去工作；D项：年轻人抑郁人数上升。A、B、D三项内容文中均有提到，是正确的。文中提到有部分人没有意识到自己患了抑郁，还有些学生由于教育的压力导致抑郁等，均说明抑郁的人是可以工作的，C项错误。故选C。
3. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：文中划线单词“blue”的意思是“________”。前句提示“happiness”和“joy”，后文转折，故可以推断是“sad and hopeless难过和绝望”。故选B。
4. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在中国，青少年抑郁可能是由________引起。根据第五段最后一句“Competitions, especially in education, can cause a lot of pressure.”可知教育竞争的压力导致年轻人患上抑郁。故选A。
5. B 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：文章最佳的标题是什么？本文主要介绍抑郁对人们的危害。故B选项 Depression—A Silent Killer“抑郁——沉默的杀手”符合题意，故选B。
C
（2019中考日常生活类训练）
Could your best friend make you fat?
Researchers who have studied“networks”of obesity(肥胖) think so：they found that if someone's friend becomes obese, that person's chances of becoming obese increase by more than half.
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Brothers or sisters and a husband or a wife also have an influence, although reduced_people whose brothers or sisters became obese were 40 percent more likely to grow obese, while people whose husband or wife became obese were 37 percent more likely to.
“This is the first study to show how obesity spreads through the social network from person to person，”James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, who worked on the study, told in a telephone interviewing.
The researchers said their findings show that obesity is contagious—not like a virus which is contagious, but in a social sense.
It may help explain why obesity is worsening across the United States, with two thirds of Americans over weight and almost a third technically obese.
“It has become very popular to speak of the obesity epidemic.We began to wonder if it is truly an epidemic，”Dr.Nicholas Christakis, a professor of medical sociology at Harvard Medical School in Boston, told the briefing.
“We think that these findings reinforce(加强) the idea that obesity is not just an individual problem but a collective problem，”Christakis said.
“People look around them and see people gaining weight and it might change their attitude about what constitutes an acceptable body size，”he added.“You might say it's OK to be heavier.”
1．The underlined phrase“reduced people”refers to______.
A．the influence of people is smaller and smaller
B．fat persons are having less and less friends
C．the number of fat persons is decreasing largely
D．persons are becoming thinner and thinner
2．What's the new finding of researchers in the passage?
A．Obesity is popular with Americans.
B．Obesity spreads from person to person.
C．Obesity can be spread like a virus.
D．Obesity is becoming an epidemic.
3．In what aspect do your fat friends have an impact on you?
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A．They may influence you how to choose a lover.
B．They may assist you in forming a life value.
C．They may change your attitudes towards obesity.
D．They may help you understand what obesity is.
4．From the passage，we can infer that________.
A．it's better not to make friends with fat persons
B．obesity is a kind of disease that can spread
C．most Americans think obesity is a kind of beauty
D．it needs a collective effort to deal with obesity
参考答案1A 2B 3C 4D
二、任务型阅读。
2019中考任务型阅读题
Imagine this： Your parents go away for work， but you have to stay at home by yourself． Would life be as easy as when your parents are around？ Would it be a wonderful holiday for you？
"I can cook tomato and egg soup， but that's all． I think many of my classmates are the same．" said Li Yujie， a girl from a middle school． "But I always forget things． I watch television then burn the soup．"
"Now parents do almost everything for us． So we don't know what we can do and how to look after ourselves" Li Yujie said.
Usually teenagers spend most of their time doing their homework． They don't learn any life skill（技能） until they finish high school． However， Simon doesn' t think so，" I think I am OK． I know how to cook some dishes because my mom showed me． " the 13-year-old boy said.
In his opinion， many teenagers depend（依赖） too much on their parents， and there is much more to learn than cooking， like "cleaning up your room or even dressing yourself properly． For most teenagers， it wouldn't be a holiday at all． It could be a time to learn to be independent（自立的） and take care of yourself．
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1.What can Li Yujie do when her parents are not at home？
2.Why are teenagers not able to look after themselves according to Li Yujie？
3.How do teenagers usually spend their time？ ______ ．
4. Can Simon look after himself when he is at home by himself？ ______
5.Will your life be easy when your parents are away？ Why or why not？ ______ ．
【答案】
【小题1】She can cook tomato and egg soup．
【小题2】Because she thinks their parents do almost everything for them．
【小题3】They usually spend their most time doing their homework．
【小题4】Yes， he can．
【小题5】No， it won't． Because I don't know what I can do and how to look after myself．
【解析】
1． She can cook tomato and egg soup．细节理解题，根据"I can cook tomato and egg soup， but that's all． I think many of my classmates are the same．" said Li Yujie，可知Li Yujie会做西红柿鸡蛋汤，故得出答案．
2． Because she thinks their parents do almost everything for them．细节理解题，根据Now parents do almost everything for us． So we don't know what we can do and how to look after ourselves" Li Yujie said，可知她认为父母为他们做了几乎所有的事情，故得出答案．
3． They usually spend their most time doing their homework．细节理解题，根据Usually teenagers spend most of their time doing their homework． 可知通常青少年会把大部分的时间花在做作业上，故得出答案．
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4． Yes， he can．细节理解题，根据 However， Simon doesn' t think so，" I think I am OK． I know how to cook some dishes because my mom showed me． "可知Simon会照顾自己，故得出答案．
5． No， it won't． Because I don't know what I can do and how to look after myself．细节理解题，根据实际情况可知父母离开时，我的生活并不容易，因为我不知道做什么，如何照顾自己，故得出答案．
文章大意：文章主要讲述了现在的青少年多数不会做家务，主要原因是父母几乎帮他们做了所有的事情．所以青少年要学会生活独立．
主要是根据前提问题来做出相应的要求内的答案，题型比较灵活但是考查了学生多方面的知识和技能，要做好这类题，就要注意平时知识的积累，包括单词、词组、句型等．
三、完形填空
Martin Henfield talks about some of his experience(经历) as a twin: when we were small my mother dressed us __1_ the same clothes. That was bad enough and we didn’t like it. But we went on our first camping trip, it was even __2__. We were only ten years old, and while __3_ went into their sleeping bags for the _4__, we were not happy to snuggle(偎依) inside a double sleeping bag my mother made for us.
At school our classmates __5__us Henfield One and Henfield Two, so people ___6__ even see our difference according to our initials because __7__ of us were M.O. It was only when I went to _8___ and began to have my own friends that I started to feel my own freedom of identity（身份）.
Before I went to college, during my secondary school __9__, I __10__ to a job on a building site. My twin brother, Mike Henfield, didn’t work. One day I asked my boss, “Can I have a week _11__?” “Certainly,” he said, “but you won’t have the job when you 12__ back.” I didn’t want to __13__ the job. So on Monday morning, Mike went there in my _14__, jacket and hat and he worked for me for one week __15___ of them knew the difference.
1. A. in B. for C. on D. with
2. A. badder B. worse C. good D. better
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3. A. all boys B. another boy C. all the other boys D. all the boys
4. A. day B. holiday C. night D. mid-night
5. A. called B. knew C. told D. made
6. A. didn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
7. A. very B. each C. both D. all
8. A. middle school B. college C. high school D. school
9. A. holidays B. week C. weekend D. holiday
10. A. received B. got C. find D. made
11. A. off B. free C. on D. back
12. A. came B. will get C. got D. are
13. A. miss B. lose C. lost D. losing
14. A. coat B. shirt C. shoes D. trousers
15. A. None B. Nobody C. All D. Each
【参考答案】
27. 名师点评
这是一则关于双胞胎的故事, 说明了作为双胞胎既有他们苦恼的一面, 也有乐趣的一面. 在做这则完型填空时, 只要抓住双胞胎非常相像这一特点, 就很容易理解其中发生的事情了。
答案解析
1. A。“给某人穿（衣服）”应为dress sb. in。
2. B 根据下文可知野营中的情况比平时更糟糕.。
3. C。the other加名词复数表示“剩余的所有的人”。
4. C。睡袋应用于夜间。
5. A。“称呼某人……”用call sb. …。
6. D。
7. C。根据后面的系动词were, 应用both表复数。
8. B。根据上下文可知, 直到大学, 这种情况才有所改变。
9. D。指中学生涯的最后一个假期。
10. B。“找到一份工作”可用get/find a job, 但此处应用过去时。
11. A。have a week off 休息一个星期。
12. D。只有D项时态正确。
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13. B。
14. D。
15. A。没有一个人看出这时双胞胎交换了一下。B项不可带of。
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