019中考英语首字母、短文语法选择、阅读新精选（6）
一、阅读理解。
A
（2019中考教育类选练）
Escaping (逃) from a fire is a serious matter. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It is important to know the ways you can use and show them to everyone in the family, for example, you can use stairways, roofs and fire escapes, but no lifts. From the lower floors of buildings, to escape through windows is possible. The second floor window is usually not very high from the ground. It is safer to jump a short way than to stay in a burning building. Windows are also useful while you are waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door closed, before opening the window. Otherwise, smoke and fire may be drawn into the room. Keep your head low next to the window to be sure you get fresh air.
Here are some tips on how to stay safe in earthquakes. Stay inside and duck and cover. Get under a desk or table, or stand in a corner or under a doorway. Cover your head and neck with your arms. Stay in your seat if in a cinema or a theater. Get below the level of the back of the sea and cover your head and neck with your arms. Try to stay away from kitchens, where there are often many objects that might fall or get hurt.
It is necessary for all to keep the traffic rules in mind and obey them strictly. When one crosses the street, he should take the crosswalk , underground passage or pedestrian overpass. Keep riding on the right side of the road. When the red light is on, please stop and wait until the green light is on. It is important to let the children know that playing on the road is very dangerous. Helping the aged and children cross the road is always a kind deed. If everyone obeys the traffic rules, it will be much safer to walk or ride on the road.
( ) 1. You can try to escape a fire through the following ways except _____________.
A. fire escapes B. lifts C.
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roofs D. stairways
( ) 2. According to the first passage, windows are _______________.
A. of no use when a fire breaks out B. useful in putting out a fire
C. the only way of escaping from a fire D. one of the ways of escaping from a fire
( ) 3. The main idea of the second paragraph is_____________.
A. how to protect yourself in an earthquake
B. covering your head and neck with your arms can protect you in an earthquake.
C. advice for dangerous situations
D. how to stay calm in an earthquake
( ) 4. The underlined word “duck” in the passage “means______________ .
A. a water bird with short legs B. some kind of meat for eating
C. walk like a duck D. lower your head and body very quickly
( ) 5. Which is the correct behavior according to the last paragraph?
A. You’d better play and ride on the road.
B. When the green light is on, please wait.
C. When one crosses the street, one must take the crosswalk
D. You should keep the traffic rules in mind and obey them strictly.
参考答案1B 2D 3A 4D 5D
B
意外的惊喜
On February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that
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this small generous act(举动) would change their lives.
Sarah didn't realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the next morning. She and her husband, Bill Krejci, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, but also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.
Bill Krejci, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page(网页) to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85，000 and there seems to be no end yet.
That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets. And that's not all—Thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.
All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing—returning something that did not belong to him.
1. When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring?
A. On February 9th, 2013. B. On February 10th, 2013.
C. On February 18th, 2013. D. On February 22nd, 2013.
2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Billy is living with a generous person. B. Billy has found his brother.
C. Billy bought a diamond ring. D. Billy appeared in the news report.
3. The underlined word “That” in Paragraph 4 refers to(指代)“________”．
A. returning the ring B. setting up a page
C. living in the streets D. receiving money
4. What's the main idea of the passage?
A. A generous woman changed her own life. B. A kind man set up a special page.
C. A homeless man returned diamond ring. D. Many people donated much money.
5. From this story, we know that ________．
A. helping others is helping ourselves
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B. helping those in trouble is sometimes not necessary
C. life is not that easy
D. we should always help old people
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。无家可归的Billy及时归还了钻戒，他诚实的举动给他带来了很多意想不到的好运。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Sarah什么时候意识到把戒指也给了Billy？A项：2013年2月9号；B项：2013年2月10号；C项：2013年2月18号；D项：2013年2月22号。根据第一段第一句“On February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was...”以及第二段第一句“...she had put in her change purse earlier until the next morning.”可知，在2013年2月10号，Sarah意识到把钻戒也给了Billy，故选B。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下面哪项文中没有提及？A项：Billy跟一个慷慨的人住在一起；B项：Billy找到了他哥哥；C项：Billy买了一个钻石戒指；D项：Billy出现在新闻报道中。根据倒数第二段第二句“Billy is living with a person who is generous...”可知A项有提及；以及本段最后一句“...he got together again with his older brother...”可知B项有提及；根据第三段第二句“So on February 18th, he set up a special page(网页) to raise money for him.”可知D项有提及，推理可知，只有C项没有提及，故选C。
3. D 【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第四段中的划线单词“That”指代“________”。A项：归还戒指；B项：创建网页；C项：在街上住；D项：收到钱。根据倒数第二段第一句“That is not enough.”并结合上一段最后一句“...Billy received over $85，000 and there seems to be no end yet.”可知，此处“That”指代Billy收到钱这件事情，故选D。
4. C 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：文章的主旨大意是什么？A项：一个慷慨的女士改变了她自己的生活；B项：一个好心人创建了特殊的网页；C项：一个无家可归的人归还钻戒；D项：许多人捐赠很多钱。分析整篇文章可知，无家可归的Billy把钻戒及时归还，他的诚实举动给他带来了很多意想不到的好运，故选C。
5. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这个故事，我们了解到________。A项：帮助别人就是帮助我们自己；B项：帮助那些处在困境中的人有时候没必要；C项：生活不是那么容易；D项：我们应该总是帮助老人。分析故事可知，Billy的诚实帮助了别人，也帮助了自己，故选A。
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C
（2019中考训练题）
(an extract from Probuditi!)
Calvin waited outside Trudy’s bedroom. Then it happened—a scream, a very loud scream. Calvin ran to his room and dived into bed.
He heard Mama coming down the hall.
“Did you do this?” his mother asked. Calvin looked out from under the covers. His mother stood over him, holding a rubber spider.
“Do what?” he asked.
“You put that thing in my bed,” Trudy told him, stepping out from behind Mama.
“Don’t think that just because it’s your birthday you can get away with something like this,” Mama scolded (责骂).
“You do want your present, don’t you?” That wiped the smile off Calvin’s face.
“Course I do,” he said.
“Then you apologize (道歉).”
Calvin dropped his head. “Sorry Trudy,” he muttered (嘟囔).
“Here,” Mama said. “Happy birthday.” At the breakfast table she handed Calvin an envelope. Inside were tickets to the matinee show of Lomax the Magnificent, the world-famous magician and hypnotist. “You’ve got two tickets there,” Mama said, “and I know someone who’d really love to go along.” She smiled at Trudy.
“You don’t mean here, do you?” Calvin asked, eyeing his little sister.
“Well, that would be really nice. But those tickets are yours. If you want to ask somebody—” Calvin didn’t wait for his mother to finish. He rushed out of the house to cell Rodney, his pal next door, that the two of them were going to see Lomax the Magnificent.
1．Who screamed at the beginning?
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A． Calvin. B． Calvin’s sister. C． Calvin’s friend. D． Calvin’s mother.
2．Calvin apologized to Trudy ________.
A． unwillingly B． truly C． happily D． excitedly
3．Calvin received his present ________.
A． in the kitchen B． in his bed C． inside the theatre D． outside his house
4．Calvin’s mother Rally wanted Calvin to ________.
A． ask his friend to the show B． find out what his friend thought
C． do what she thought was right D． watch the show without his sister
5．What is the best title for this passage?
A． Trudy’s Spider B． Mother’s Tickets
C． Calvin’s Birthday D． Rodney’s Present
【解析】本篇文章难度适中。本篇文章主要讲述加尔文通过恶作剧提醒母亲今天是他的生日。母亲给了他两张票让他去看表演，母亲本来希望他带他的妹妹去，但是他并没有。
1．根据Calvin waited outside Trudy’s bedroom. Then it happened—a scream, a very loud scream可知，故选B。
2．根据Calvin dropped his head. “Sorry Trudy,” he muttered (嘟囔)可知，故选A。
3．“Here,” Mama said. “Happy birthday.” At the breakfast table she handed Calvin an envelope. Inside were tickets to the matinee show of Lomax the Magnificent, the world-famous magician and hypnotist可知，故选A。
4．根据“Don’t think that just because it’s your birthday you can get away with something like this,” Mama scolded (责骂). “You do want your present, don’t you?” That wiped the smile off Calvin’s face以及“You’ve got two tickets there,” Mama said, “and I know someone who’d really love to go along.” She smiled at Trudy可知，他的妈妈想让加尔文做她认为正确的事情。故选C。
5．本文主要介绍加尔文用恶作剧来提醒妈妈给他生日礼物，最后他的妈妈给他两长电影票作为生日礼物。所以标题应为加尔文的生日，故选C。
二、语法选择。
I often hear some students say English is difficult, and it gives them a headache. But English is very easy for me. I’m good 1 it. I’m very glad to tell you
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something about 2 I study English.
First, I think 3 the interest in English is the most important thing in learning English. When I began 4 English, it was fresh for me. I was interested in 5 , so I worked very hard. Soon we had an English exam and I 6 a very good mark. How Happy I was! After that, I learn English 7 and harder. Our English teacher often teaches us English songs, and the songs sound 8 . I often think English is very interesting!
9 , English is a foreign language, so I learn it well in the following ways: listen to the teacher carefully, speak bravely, read aloud and expand the vocabulary. Then practice again and again. And I 10 have a good habit: asking for help whenever I have question 11 I can’t understand. I must make it clear by asking my English teacher or classmates. 12 happy I am when I understand!
Besides, I often read English articles, jokes and easy novels. They help me 13 the meanings of some words well. 14 doing more reading is an important way to learn English well. And I also 15 diaries in English. English has become a close friend of mine.
1. A. at B. on C. for D. in
2. A. what B. when C. how D. why
3. A. have B. has C. having D. had
4. A. to learn B. leant C. learns D. learn
5. A. its B. it C. it’s D. them
6. A. get B. gets C. getting D. got
7. A. hardest B. hard C. hardly D. harder
8. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. nicely
9. A. Second B. Secondly C. Two D. The second
10. A. as well B. too C. either D. also
11. A. who B. which C. what D. when
12. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
13. A. understand B. understands C. understanding D. understood
14. A. Because B. But C. So D. Though
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15. A. draw B. share C. write D. keep
参考答案1-5 ACCAB 6-10 DDAAD 11-15 BCACD
三、短文首字母填空。
The whole school was talking about the winter camp. And everyone was looking forward to it 1. e me because I thought I would get homesick.
When arriving at the camp, we were 2. a to ski down to field by the coach. I skied carefully, but I still hit a piece of ice and fell down.
“Ha! Ha!” Behind 3. m , somebody started laughing. I looked back to see who was 4. l at me. To my 5. s , I saw a girl in the same embarrassing position that I was in. “I thought I’d be bad at this, but it 6. s more difficult than I expected!” she said. Suddenly, I started laughing, too. After being so 7. a of falling, it was a comfort that made me not fear it anymore.
The next day, 8. t I didn’t want to go ski jumping, I was chosen to do that first. But when my 9. f left the ground, I felt I was flying and it was wonderful.
Just do your 10. b to meet every challenge. You’ll never imagine how much you will get.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加冬令营的事情。作者一到营地，就被教练叫去滑雪，虽很小心但还是摔倒了。听到有人在嘲笑自己，看到情况和自己类似的小女孩，自己也大笑。第二天，不想去跳台滑雪，但还是被选为第一个做这件事。当脚离开地面时，感到自己仿佛在飞并且感到很奇妙。这个故事告诉我们：尽你所能去迎接每个挑战，你永远想象不到你将会得到多少。
1. except【解析】分析句意并联系下文，可知此处是指“除我之外，大家都在期盼着冬令营”，分析句意并结合所给的首字母可知此处应填except。
2. asked【解析】分析句子结构，可知此处需填一个动词，与助动词were构成谓语，再结合句意及首字母提示可知此处是指“我们被教练叫去滑雪”；又根据语境可知，“我们是被教练叫去滑雪”，且固定用法sb be asked to do sth 意为“某人被要求做某事”，故此处应填ask的过去分词asked。
3. me【解析】分析句意并联系上文，可知此处是指“我摔倒了之后，我后面有人开始笑”，再结合首字母提示可知此处应填I的宾格me。
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1. laughing【解析】分析句意可知此处是指“我”回头看谁在笑我。根据句子结构可知was/were+ v.-ing构成过去进行时。故填laughing。
2. surprise【解析】分析句子结构，可知此处应填一个名词，再结合句意及首字母提示可知此处是指“使我惊讶的是，一个女孩处于跟我相同的尴尬境地”，名词surprise符合语境，且固定用法to one’s surprise意为“使某人惊奇的是”，故此处应填surprise。
3. seems【解析】分析句子结构，可知此处应填一个动词作谓语，再结合句意及首字母提示可知此处是指“滑雪实际上的难度比我想象的难度似乎更大”，又根据主语it为第三人称单数，故此处应填seem的第三人称单数形式seems。
4. afraid【解析】分析句意并结合首字母提示可知此处是指“在如此害怕摔倒后，我反而不害怕了”。因固定用法be afraid of doing sth 意为“害怕做某事”，可知此处应填afraid。
5. though【解析】分析句子结构，可知此处应填一个连词，结合句意并联系下文，可知前后两分句表示一种让步关系，在此处表示“尽管”，结合所给首字母故填though。
6. feet【解析】分析句子结构，可知此处应填一个名词作主语，再结合句意及首字母提示可知此处是指“我的双脚离地”，故此处应填foot的复数形式feet。
10. best【解析】分析句意，可知此处是指“尽你最大努力去迎接每次挑战”，结合首字母提示可知应填well的最高级best。此处固定用法do one’s best to do sth意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
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