2019年中考（人教）英语：阅读理解基础优题（二）及答案
Passage A
（2019中考保健与健康类选练）
How much sleep is enough?
To stay in good health, some expert in the US say, adults should get seven to eight hours of sleep. Teenager need nine to ten hours. And pre-school children need more than 10 hours of sleep a night.
Experts say the quality(质量)of our sleep becomes poor as we grow older. This happens because the brain unit that controls sleep begins to weaken slowly as we age.
Experts say the change starts in our 30s. By the time we reach our 50s, a person may have lost 50 percent of their ability to have a restful sleep.
These people have trouble failing and staying asleep through the night. From middle age on, these problems only get worse, and they can have a bad effect on their health.
Signs that show you may not be getting enough sleep.
You’re always hungry or you’ve got unwanted weight. If you are in short of sleep, certain chemicals in your body will not work well and tell your brain in time that you have eaten enough.
You have trouble making decisions. Not having enough sleep may make your brain work slower in problem solving.
You have trouble remembering things. Sleep helps prepare the brain for new memories.
Your feeling changes unreasonably. People who don’t sleep well may feel unable to control their feelings.
You are having trouble seeing. If there is a shortage of sleep, you may not be able to see thing as clearly as usual.
How to improve your sleep? Here are a few things people can do to get better sleep.
Health experts say that exercise and avoiding work on computers make people go to sleep more easily. A cool room is also a good choice for sleeping well.
1.What can we learn from the passage?
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A. With the help of medicine, we can sleep better.
B. People begin to have sleep problems in their 40s.
C. Teenagers usually need more sleep than adults.
D. Few people have sleep problems in their late years.
2.The underlined word”effect” in the passage is close in meaning to .
A. Knowledge B. influence C. excuse D. activity
3.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a sign that you are not sleeping well?
A. You often get hungry. B. Your eyesight is failing.
C. You have proper memory D.You always feel tired.
4.It is possible that the article is taken from .
A. a middle-school textbook B. a scientific report
C. A magazine on health D. an ad in the newspaper
参考答案1C 2B 3D 4C
Passage B
【****江苏省大丰市】
Cross Income(总收入)=$26000; Income Tax(收入税)= $6000
Net Income (纯收入) =$20000.
(Net Income = Gross Income — Income Tax)
The right circle shows how Mr. and Mrs. Brown and their two children spend their family income. Mr Brown is the only wage earner(靠工资为生的人). Mrs. Brown is a housewife. The children are too young to do any part-time work.
35. How many people earn money for the family? ___________
A. One B. Two C. Three D. Four
36.How much of the net income is spent on housing? ______________
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A. $2000 B. $3000 C. $4000 D. $5000
37. $3000 is Tespent on _____________.
A. telephone Power Rates B. Food
C. Motor Vehicle（交通 ） D. Clothing and Incidentals
38. If the Brown family decided to sell their car, how much extra money wouldn’t they have to spend?_____________
A. $28000 B. $2000 C. $26000 D. $4000
参考答案 35—38、ACDB
Passage C
【****江苏省大丰市】
People often say that the earth is like our mother. She gives life to all the living things on the earth and provides us with air, food, water and other essential things we need for living.
Once she was beautiful and rich, but now she becomes dirtier and dirtier, poorer and poorer. It is due to what we have done to her. Please have a good look at her: polluted rivers and lakes, growing deserts, the destruction of the forests and wild life, and the depletion (消耗，用尽) of the ozone layer (臭氧层)...
Can she bear to see her children putting the waste here and there? Can she bear to see her children cutting down the trees and destroying the grassland, to see the acid rain destroying everything? Can we bear to see our mother suffering (受苦) so much? Isn’t it time for us to ask ourselves whether this is the way to treat our mother?
Floods, droughts, acid rain..., these are the punishments (惩罚) from nature. Everyone should know that there is only one earth. If we go on treating her like this, it won’t be fit for us to live in any longer. It’s time for us to love her, take good care of her and cure her. We should save the earth so as to save ourselves.
39. What does the earth look like now?
A. It has clean rivers, lakes and green forests.
B. It is like a beautiful girl.
C. It is more beautiful and richer.
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D. It is dirtier and dirtier, poorer and poorer.
40. What is the meaning of the underlined word?
A. Know B. Stand C. Imagine D. Hear
41. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The earth—our mother.
B. Defenders of the Earth (地球卫士).
C. The earth is very beautiful and healthy.
D. The water on the earth is very clean.
参考答案 39—41、DBA
Passage D
歌剧版《红楼梦》
You must have read or heard of the sad love story between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu. But can you imagine the two singing opera in English instead of speaking poetic Chinese?
Jia and Lin are two characters from the classic Chinese novel A Dream of Red Mansions(《红楼梦》), written by Cao Xueqin(1715－1763). Now the book has been made into an English language opera. The opera was first performed last September in San Francisco, US. This month it came to Beijing, Changsha and Wuhan.
Many of the opera's creators have backgrounds(背景)in both Chinese and American cultures, including the director and playwrights. Their understanding of both cultures helped them to change a Chinese classic into a foreignlanguage opera.
The book, which covers the rise and fall of the Jia family, has 120 chapters and hundreds of characters. But opera writer David Henry Hwang cut down the number of characters to just seven. Hwang, a ChineseAmerican, focused on the love story between Jia and Lin and tried to write a heartbroken tragedy(悲剧) that everyone would understand.
The art director Timmy Yip, from Hong Kong, tried to help foreign people understand the characters using costumes(服装) and stage settings(布景). He compared Lin to water and gave her a light green costume. When Lin shows up on stage, there is usually water around her on the stage.
The creators consider it to be a meaningful job to introduce a Chinese classic to
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Western audiences. Hwang told China Daily he was happy to “have made a contribution to the land where my parents were born”．
1. Who wrote the opera for the Chinese classic novel A Dream of Red Mansions?
A. Lin Daiyu. B. Cao Xueqin. C. Jia Baoyu. D. David Henry Hwang.
2. The opera was ________．
A. sung in poetic Chinese B. first performed in Beijing
C. performed in China after one year D. performed in many languages
3. Which of the following is NOT a difference between the book and the opera?
A. The language used. B. The sad love story.
C. The number of characters. D. The whole family's story.
4. Why did the creators make the book into an Englishlanguage opera?
A. Because they had backgrounds in Western culture.
B. Because they thought the book was not good enough.
C. Because they hoped to help others learn English.
D. Because they wanted Westerners to know about the Chinese novel.
5. The best title of the passage is probably ________.
A. A Dream of Red Mansions Is Popular
B. Introduce the Chinese Classic to Westerners
C. Turn the Chinese Classic into An Opera
D. The Chinese Culture Is Colorful
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个外国人把中国的经典名著《红楼梦》改编成歌剧。创作者这样做的原因在于他们想让更多的人了解中国的经典文化，想把中国的文化传播出去。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：谁为中国经典小说《红楼梦》写了这部歌剧？A项：林黛玉；B项：曹雪芹；C项：贾宝玉；D项：戴维·亨利·黄。根据文章第四段第二句“But opera writer David Henry Hwang cut down the number of characters to just seven.”可知该歌剧的作者是戴维·亨利·黄。故选D。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这个歌剧是________。A项：以诗歌形式用汉语唱出来；B项：首场表演在北京；C项：一年后在中国表演；D项：用许多种语言表演。根据文章第二段第三、四句“The opera was first performed last September...This month it came
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to Beijing...”，可知一年后在中国演出。故选C。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪项不是这本书和这部歌剧的差异？A项：语言的使用；B项：悲伤的爱情故事；C项：人物的数量；D项：整个家庭的故事。根据第四段最后一句“...tried to write a heartbroken tragedy(悲剧) that everyone would understand.”可知《红楼梦》这本书被改成歌剧后依然是个悲剧。故选B。
4. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么创作者们把这本书变成英语歌剧？A项：因为他们有西方文化的背景；B项：因为他们认为这本书不够好；C项：因为他们希望帮助其他人学习英语；D项：因为他们想让西方人了解中国的小说。根据文章第六段第一句“The creators consider it to be a meaningful job to introduce a Chinese classic to Western audiences.”可知作者们认为把中国经典介绍给西方人是一件有意义的事情，从而推测出作者想让西方人了解这部中国经典小说。故选D。
5. C 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳标题可能是________。A项：《红楼梦》是受欢迎的；B项：把中国的经典介绍给西方人；C项：把中国的经典变成歌剧；D项：中国的文化是丰富多彩的。根据文章的整体内容可知这篇文章主要提到把《红楼梦》改编成歌剧。故选C。
Passage E
入乡随俗
When you hear Westerners(西方人)say “Drop in anytime”(随时来玩) or “Come and see me soon”， you should realize that it doesn't mean you are welcome to come over to their houses anytime. It's wise to telephone before visiting someone.
Never accept an invitation unless you really plan to go. You may refuse by saying, “Thank you for inviting me, but I may not be able to come.” If you are unable to come after accepting the invitation, be sure to tell those who invite you in advance(提前) that you will not be there.
When you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, it is polite to bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drinks, flowers, and some others. Sometimes Westerners may take you out to dinner in a restaurant and it does not necessarily mean that he is going to pay the bill at the end of the meal. He might want you to “go_Dutch”， which means each person pays his own bill.
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1. When Westerners say “Drop in anytime” or “Come and see me soon”， it means________.
A. you are welcome to visit them anytime
B. you are welcome to visit them, but you still need to call them before going to their houses
C. they don't want you to visit them
D. they will hold a party for you
2. If a Westerner invites you to go to his house, ________.
A. you may refuse if you don't plan to go
B. you have to accept the invitation even though you don't want to go
C. you can't accept the invitation
D. and if you accept the invitation, you must go
3. If you have accepted the invitation to a party or a dinner, what kind of gifts will you bring?
A. Money. B. Televisions. C. Computers. D. Books.
4. The underlined part “go Dutch” means “________” in Chinese.
A. 去荷兰 B. 去Dutch 这家餐厅 C. 实行AA制 D. 请客
5. The best title of this passage is ________.
A. Drop in anytime B. Come and see me soon
C. Invitation in Western countries D. Westerners
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西方国家的邀请礼仪。即使西方人说“随时来玩”或“不久后来看我”，在你去以前也要打电话。如果你没计划去别人家，他邀请时你可以拒绝，如果你接受了邀请，在你去别人家时，最好带一些小礼物。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当西方人说“随时来玩”或“不久后来看我”，它意味着________。A项：在任何时间拜访他们，你都是受欢迎的；B项：拜访他们你是受欢迎的，但你仍要在去他们家之前给他们打电话；C项：他们不想要你拜访他们；D项：他们要为你举行派对。根据文章第一段最后一句“It's wise to telephone before visiting someone.在拜访某人前打电话是明智的。”可知B项正确。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果一位西方人邀请你去他家，________。A项：如果你没有计划去，你可以拒绝；B项：即使你不想去，你也不得不接受邀请；C项：你不能接受邀请；D项：如果你接受了邀请就必须去。根据文章第二段第一句“Never accept an
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invitation unless you really plan to go.除非你真的打算去，否则不要接受邀请。”可知选A。
3. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：如果你已经接受了去聚会或晚餐的邀请，你要带什么礼物？根据第三段第一句“...it is polite to bring small gifts with you, such as bottles of drinks, flowers, and some others.……带小礼物是很有礼貌的，比如几瓶酒、花和其他的东西。”分析选项中只有书属于小礼物。故选D。
4. C 【解析】短语意思猜测题。题干意为：划线部分“go Dutch”的汉语意思是________。根据短文最后一段最后一句中“which means each person pays his own bill每个人付自己的账”可推断是“AA制”。故选C。
5. C 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章的最佳题目是________。A项：随时来玩；B项：不久后来看我；C项：西方国家的邀请；D项：西方人。文章第二、三段都是在介绍关于邀请的问题，故选C。
Passage F
Kim Soo-hyun (金秀贤) was born on February 16, 1988. He is a South Korean actor, model and singer and best known for his roles in the television dramas Dream High, Moon Embracing the Sun, and My Love from the Star, as well as the movies The Thieves and Secretly, Greatly.
Kim Soo-hyun was very quiet in middle school and no one expected him to enter the entertainment field (娱乐圈). But he didn’t want to be quiet any more, so he first started acting in high school. When he was working hard at memorizing scripts and practiced for school plays, Kim’s idea to become an actor grew greatly. He started to learn in Chung-Ang University, majoring (专业；主攻) in Theater and Film Studies. His acting is getting better and better. At last, he appeared in the musicals (音乐剧) Grease and A Midsummer Night’s Dream in 2003.
( ) 1. Kim Soo-hyun is a _______.
A. Chinese actor B. English model
C. South Korean actor D. America singer
( ) 2. No one thought that he could ________.
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A. study very well B. eat a lot
C. help his friends D. enter the entertainment field
( ) 3. Kim Soo-hyun was majoring in _______.
A. Chemistry B. English
C. Theater and Film Studies D. vocal music
( ) 4. Which one is TRUE?
A、Kim Soo-hyun was born on February 15, 1988.
B、Kim Soo-hyun was very quiet in middle school.
C、He started acting in middle school.
D、Kim’s goal was to be a doctor.
( ) 5. What does the underline word “scripts” mean?
A. 剧本 B.时间 C.演出时间 D.句型
【参考答案】1-5 CDCBA
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