2019年中考（人教）英语：阅读理解基础优题（九）
【实战训练】 A
（2019中考选练）
What a father had done now has been redone by his son. US video game magnate(大亨) Richard Garriott headed into space aboard a Russian rocket watched by his father, a NASA astronaut who went into space at the height of the Cold War.
The Russian Soyuz TMA 13 spacecraft lifted off in clear weather from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on the Kazakh steppe(大草原) just after 1 pm local time.
A video game developer from Texas, Garriott paid $ 30 million to fly into space alongside US astronaut Michael Fincke and Russian cosmonaut Yury Lonchakov.
Garriott's father, Owen, watched the launch through telescopes on an observation platform and Garriott's girlfriend, Kelly Miller, burst into tears. “I am very happy for him. It is one of the things he really wanted to do，” Miller said as others opened champagne to celebrate the successful launch.
“I can see he is really enjoying it like a little kid in the candy shop , ” Miller said.
Space officials said the Soyuz rocket had reached orbisafely and would dock with the International Space Station (ISS) in about two days.
“He made it; he made it into orbit. It is marvelous，” said Owen Garriott, a physicist who was selected as an astronaut by NASA for his scientific background. He spent 60 days in space in 1973 and another 10 days in 1983.
After 12 days in space Garriott will return to earth with the ISS's former crew on Soyuz , a three person re entry capsule(返回舱) which has broken down on its last two flights back to earth.
1. Who are the passengers except Richard Garriott in the spacecraft?
①Owen Garriott ②Michael Fincke ③Yury Lonchakov ④Kelly Miller
A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④
2. What was the reason for Richard Garriott's space travel?
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A. His father used to be an excellent astronaut.
B. He planned to explore a game about the space.
C. He wanted to make his dream come true.
D. He got too much expectation from his father.
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “dock” ?
A. join together B. fly together
C. explore together D. run together
4. Which of the following about the Soyuz spacecraft is TRUE?
A. It has been launched into space with Richard Garriott successfully.
B. Owen Garriott once was brought into the space by this spacecraft.
C. The Soyuz re entry capsule has not made a mistake until this flight.
D. Garriott made a second attempt to fly back to earth on Soyuz.
5. In which part of the newspaper will you probably find this passage?
A. Travel. B. Education. C. Science. D. Business.
参考答案BCAAA
【实战训练】 B
March 16th is World Sleep Day. This year’s slogan (标语) is “Breathe (呼吸) Easily, Sleep Well”. Its aim is to celebrate the benefits (好处) of good and healthy sleep.
Sleep is like food for the brain. Enough sleep helps the body and brain grow and develop. According to the National Sleep Foundation in the US, adults need seven to nine hours of sleep every night. For students aged 10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine hours per night.
But many students don’t get enough sleep because of early school start times and heavy homework. About 80 percent of middle school students don’t get enough sleep, the China Youth and Children Research Center reported. For some students, they want to sleep early, but they keep worrying about their schoolwork and can’t fall asleep quickly. For others, they may even have insomnia which might keep them awake all night.
These sleeping problems greatly affect people’s lives. Experts have shown that
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lack of sleep for teenagers leads to poor grades. Students without enough sleep cannot pay attention in class or do well in sports. Also, the lack of sleep may make them depressed (沮丧的).
Luckily, with good sleep habits, it is easier to fall asleep. Some of these good habits include avoiding drinks that make people excited late in the day, going to sleep at the same time each night, and sleeping in a comfortable place that is dark, quiet, and neither too warm nor too cold.
59. If Li Hong is 15years old, how much sleep does she need every night?
A. 10-12 hours. B. 8-9 hours. C. 7 hours. D. Less than 7 hours.
60. What might happen if teens don’t get enough sleep?
A. They might do well in sports.
B. Their bodies and brains might grow better.
C. They might feel depressed.
D. They might not be able to finish their schoolwork.
61. The underlined word “insomnia” means “_______” in Chinese.
A. 健忘症 B. 肥胖症 C. 多动症 D. 失眠症
62. Which is NOT a reason why so many students don’t get enough sleep?
A. They cannot pay attention in class.
B. They have too much homework to do.
C. They have sleeping problems.
D. They have to get up very early to go to school.
参考答案59~62 BCDA
【实战训练】 C
Scientists have discovered coal in Antarctica (南极洲). This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of forests. Heat and wet must have kept the trees in the forests alive.
Finding coal in Antarctica is an important discovery. This discovery is one example of how exploration (探索) helps the scientists. By learning all they can know about Antarctica, the scientists increase their knowledge of all the areas of the earth.
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63. According to this passage, Antarctica __________.
A. has always been a cold place
B. has been warm since long, long ago
C. has been covered with ice from the very beginning
D. was warm sometime long, long ago
64. By studying Antarctica, scientists can __________.
A. know all the things in the world
B. discover more coal in other areas
C. study the earth better
D. know the weather of the earth a long time ago
65. The best title of the passage may be __________.
A. Antarctica an the earth B. Coal in Antarctica
C. Weather in Antarctica D. An Important Discovery in Antarctic
参考答案63-65 DCD
【实战训练】 D
无人驾驶汽车
Babies born after 2017 may never need to take a driving lesson because of the development of selfdriving cars. Some scientists say that selfdriving or driverless cars(无人驾驶汽车) may hit the road within 15 years, and it is possible that driving may become unnecessary(不必要的), or more relaxing and enjoyable.
Companies like Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars. But, if the tests are successful, these electric selfdriving cars could be put into use very soon. This kind of cars may change the way we live in the future. All you have to do is typing in your address!
According to Baidu, the driverless technology has the following four advantages. Firstly, driverless cars are actually safer. In China, there are more than 500 deaths caused by accidents. With driverless cars, the number will decrease by 100 times. Secondly, driverless cars are more efficient(有效的) than manned cars. Thirdly, driverless cars follow the traffic rules. Therefore, traffic controlling will be
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easier. At last, the cost of transportation will be reduced as the labor cost becomes less.
There are many different technologies needed to make a successful selfdriving car. The most difficult technologies of all are environmental perception (感知), behavior prediction, planning control, HD mapping, and exact GPS.
1. According to some scientists, driverless cars may make driving become ________.
A. necessary B. difficult C. enjoyable D. boring
2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about driverless cars?
A. Google, Baidu, Apple and Alibaba are working on driverless cars.
B. This kind of cars may change our living conditions in the future.
C. Driverless cars are safer than mancontrolled cars.
D. Passengers don't need to tell the cars where they want to go.
3. The third paragraph mainly talks about the ________ of driverless cars.
A. instructions B. standards C. advantages D. theories
4. What does the underlined word “decrease” in the third paragraph mean?
A. 减少 B. 增加 C. 培养 D. 建造
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Driverless cars may not follow the traffic rules.
B. The technologies for driverless cars haven't yet well developed.
C. The communication between the car and a man is perfect.
D. Driverless cars will have more accidents than mancontrolled cars.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车的发展现状、主要优点和研发难点。科学家认为，未来15年内无人驾驶汽车可能就会普及，从而改变我们的未来生活。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据一些科学家的说法，无人驾驶汽车可能会使驾驶变得________。A项：必要的；B项：困难的；C项：愉快的；D项：乏味的。根据第一段最后一句可知，无人驾驶汽车很有可能使驾驶变得没有必要，或者更轻松、更愉快。故选C。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：关于无人驾驶汽车，下列哪一项不正确？ A项：谷歌、百度、苹果和阿里巴巴正在研究无人驾驶汽车； B项：这种汽车可能会改变我们未来的生活条件； C项：无人驾驶汽车比人驾驶的汽车更安全；D项：乘客不需要告诉汽车他们想去的地方。从第二段最后一句“All you have to do is typing in your address!
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所有你要做的就是输入你的地址！”可知，乘客必须告诉无人驾驶汽车你要去哪里。选项D说法错误。故选D。
3. C 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第三段主要谈论了无人驾驶汽车的________。从第三段第一句以及本段内容可知，第三段主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车的四大优势。故选C。
4. A 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段划线单词“decrease”是什么意思？结合第三段第三句“In China, there are more than 500 deaths caused by accidents.”可知在中国，有超过500例的死亡是交通事故造成的。由此推知，这里是指无人驾驶汽车会使这个数字减少100倍。 “decrease”意为“减少”。故选A。
5. B 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章我们可以知道什么？A项：无人驾驶汽车可能不会遵守交通规则； B项：无人驾驶汽车的技术还没有充分地发展；C项：汽车和人之间的交流很完美； D项：无人驾驶汽车将比人驾驶的汽车产生更多交通事故。从最后一段内容可知，要制造一个成功的无人驾驶汽车需要有许多不同的技术，而且研发有许多难点。由此推知，无人驾驶汽车的技术还没有得到充分的发展。故选B。
【实战训练】 E
When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother's Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, pretended not to Understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.
My mother has realized the disadvantages of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人).I said in a voice that was not very convincing, "This is Mrs. Tan. "And my mother was standing beside me, whispering loudly, "Why he doesn't send me the cheek. It's already two weeks late."
And then ,in perfect English I said : "I'm getting rather anxious .You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn't arrived." Then she talked more loudly. "What does he want? I'll come to New York and say it in front of his boss ."And so I turned to the stockbroker again, "I can't accept any more excuses. If I don't receive the check immediately, I have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week."
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The next week we ended up in New York. While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real Mrs. Tan, was shouting to his boss in her broken English. When I was a teenager, my mother's broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother's English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is clear and direct t. It was the language that helped me form the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.
1.Why was the author's mother poorly served?
A .She was unable to speak good English B. She was often misunderstood.
C. She was not clearly heard. D. She was not very polite.
2.From Paragorph 2, what can we know about the author?.
A. She was good at pretending. B. She was rude to the stockbroker.
C. She was ready to help her mother. D. She was unwilling to phone for her mother
3.What happened after the author made the phone call?
A. They forgave the stockbroker. B. They failed to get the check.
C. They went to New York immediately. D. The y spoke to their boss at once.
4.What does the author think of her mother's English now?
A. It confuses her. B. It embarrasses her.
C .It helps her understand the world. D. It helps her forgive rude people.
5.Whar can we infer from the passage?
A. Chinese English is clear and natural to native speakers
B. Chinese English is impolite to native speakers
C. Chinese English has a very bad name in America
D. Chinese English may bring inconvenience in America
阅读理解参考答案： 1--5 ADBCD
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