2019年中考（人教）英语：阅读理解基础优题（八）及答案
【实战训练】 A
（2019中考科普环保类选练）
What will the house of the future look like? Could it have gardens on its walls, or a pool with fish for dinner? Architects believe that they are all possibilities. The only thing for sure is that the houses will be as green as possible.
The tree house
Many architects in the world would like to build a “tree house.” Like a leaf, the surface of the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity, and even create fresh air for the home. The “root” (根) of the house is deep under the ground. It uses the soil (土壤) to the home’s temperature.
The Lizard house
Like a lizard (蜥蜴), changing color with the weather is the most important design of a lizard house. When it’s in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn dark to protect it from strong heat. During dark days, it turns white and takes in as much light and heat as possible to produce energy.
Meals at home
This design is perhaps as much about the future of food production as architecture (建筑风格). It has gardens on the outside wall of the house. People can plant tomatoes, carrots and green tea on them. So every day in the morning, you just need to walk outside and collect your meals.
Learning from the past
Looking to the future isn’t the only way to be green. Sometimes, ancient techniques (古老的技术) can also help cut down energy use. For example, a chimney (烟囱) can be a useful air conditioner because it is easier of hot air to flow out at the chimney.
1. We can heat water, produce electricity or create fresh air for the home .
A. with the root of a leaf. b. with
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the energy from sunlight.
C. with the soil under the ground D. with gardens on its walls.
2. What will happen to the cover of the lizard house when it’s in the bright sun?
A. It will take in light. b. It will produce energy.
C. It will turn dark. D. It will turn white.
3. The passage seems to tell us that meals at home in the future .
A. will be more delicious. b. need more cooks.
C. cost as much as possible. D. will be greener.
4. A chimney can be a useful air conditioner but it used to cause .
A. pollution. b. accident. C. noise. D. techniques.
5. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Green house of the future. b. The greener, the better.
C. How to build green houses. D. Changes of the houses.
参考答案BCDAA
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【实战训练】 B
阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Welcome to this short tour of London. In this square we are standing in the middle of London. Opposite（对面) is the National Gallery, a museum with lots of famous paintings. Go along the red street to Buckingham Palace. The queen (后) lives here.
Turn left and go to the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben. Opposite you can see the London Eye. It takes you 135 meters above the River Thames. You can see most of London on a clear day.
When you are tired, the best way to see London is by boat. You can get the boat near Big Ben. As you go along the river, the London Eye is on your right, near the Railway Bridge.
Get off the boat at Tower Bridge. Then you can see the Tower of London next to the bridge. The Tower of London is the city’s oldest palace. It is nine hundred years old.
Take the boat back along the river. Get off the boat and go past the station and walk along the street. Opposite is the old fruit and vegetable market. They don’t sell fruit and vegetables now. There are stores and restaurants, and lots of street musicians. Turn left into King’s Street, and go past the church. You’re now back where you started, at the square. Now you finish your tour.
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51. If you go to visit the National Gallery, what will you find?
A. lots of lovely animals B. lots of valuable plants
C. lots of famous paintings D. lots of interesting books
52. Where can you get the boat?
A. Near Buckingham Palace. B. Near Big Ben.
C. Near Tower Bridge. D. Near King’s Street.
53. ______ is London’s oldest palace.
A. The Tower of London B. The National Gallery
C. Buckingham Palace D. The Houses of Parliament
54. ______ is the London Eye.
A. b B. c C. d D. e
参考答案51~54 CBAC
【实战训练】 C
A boy and his father were walking in the mountains. Suddenly the boy fell, hurt himself, and cried, “AAAhhhhhhhh!!!” To his surprise, he heard the voice repeating (重复), somewhere in the mountain, “AAAhhhhhhhh!!!” Then the boy shouted, “ Who are you?” He received the answer, “Who are you?” He got angry at the answer, so he shouted, “ Foolish!” He received the answer, “Foolish!”
He looked at his father and asked, “What’s going on?” The father smiled and said, “My son, listen.” And then he shouted to the mountain, “I love you!” The voice answered, “I love you!” Again the man cried, “You are the best!” The voice answered, “ You are the best!”
The boy was surprised, but did not understand. Then the father explained, “People call this ‘Echo’, but really this is life. It gives you back everything you say or do. Our life is just a reflection (反映) of what we done. If you want more love in the world, have more in your heart. If you want to be successful, work hard. This can be used in everything in life. Life will give you back everything you have given to it.”
55. When the boy heard the voice repeating, he thought_________.
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A. it was foolish to repeat others’ voice
B. someone else in the mountain liked his voice
C. there were many other people in the mountain
D. he was laughed at by someone else in the mountain
56. The father shouted to the mountain to _________.
A. find out who was repeating his voice
B. have fun with other people in the mountain
C. show more examples to his son before giving him the answer
D. let his son know whose voice was louder
57. The word‘Echo’means _________.
A. life itself B. repeating voice
C. love in the world D. everything in life
58. From the story, we know ___________.
A. the boy didn’t like others’ voice
B. the father had his own way to teach his son
C. it is impolite to repeat others’ voice
D. the boy and his father were rather tired
参考答案55~58 DCBB
【实战训练】 D
中国科技新生代
China has been famous around the world since ancient times. In the past, we had the Four Great Inventions. Nowadays, more inventions and creations have made China stronger and greater in the world.
On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, China's first large homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time. It has taken about ten years for the scientists and researchers to make this Chinese dream come true. It's a pride of the whole nation. So far, more than 23 companies have already ordered 570 C919 planes from China. But we still have a long way to go before the C919 carries passengers by 2020. It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Boeing B737.
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What's more, China is working on the new highspeed trains with the highest speed of 400 km/h. It will be ready by 2020. The new trains are expected to push area cooperation(合作) and create new business for China and foreign countries. Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build highspeed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China. They'd like to get support in technology from China.
China has made great progress in both science and technology. And it makes a great contribution to humans, too. All of these are changing the daily life of Chinese people, even of the people around the world.
1. The C919 will have a competition with ________ and the new Boeing B737.
A. the Airbus A320 B. the Boeing B777
C. the Airbus A380 D. the Boeing B787
2. From the passage, we know that many countries in ________ are planning to build highspeed rail lines or to improve their railways.
①Southeast Asia ②North America ③Eastern Europe ④Central Asia
⑤South America ⑥the Middle East
A. ①③④⑤ B. ①③④⑥ C. ②③⑤⑥ D. ②④⑤⑥
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Over 32 companies ordered 570 C919 planes from China.
B. Successfully, the C919 took off for the first time on May 5th, 2017.
C. Many countries in Central Asia help China build highspeed rail lines.
D. The highspeed trains with the speed of 400 km/h can carry more passengers.
4. What does the underlined word “contribution”mean in Chinese?
A. 提示 B. 贡献 C. 奉献 D. 收获
5. The passage mainly wants to tell us ________．
A. the Chinese scientists are better at science and technology than before
B. the Four Great Inventions makes China strong and great in the world
C. China has increased the international influence with its development
D. China has produced the new highspeed trains with the speed of 400 km/h
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【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国近年来在科技方面的重大发展。文章首先介绍了中国首架大型国产喷气式客机C919，然后介绍了中国高铁的发展，以及一些国家希望得到中国高铁技术方面的支持。这些发展给中国人甚至全世界人民产生了重大的影响。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：C919将与________和新波音B737展开竞争。根据第二段最后一句“It also faces the challenge of competing with the Airbus A320 and the new Boeing B737.”可知应选A。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这篇短文中我们知道在________许多国家计划建高铁或改善他们的铁路。根据第三段倒数第二句“Many countries, especially the ones in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, are planning to build highspeed rail lines or to improve their railways with the help of China.”可知中亚、东南亚、中东和东欧地区的许多国家有这种计划，故选B。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇短文可知下列哪一项是正确的？A项：超过32家公司从中国订购了570架C919飞机；B项：2017年5月5日C919首次成功起飞；C项：中亚的许多国家帮助中国建设高速铁路；D项：时速为400千米的高铁可以运载更多的乘客。根据第二段第一句“On May 5th, 2017, at Shanghai Pudong International Airport, China's first large homemade jet airliner(喷气式客机), the C919, took off successfully for the first time.”可知选B。
4. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“contribution”的汉语意思是什么？根据上句“China has made great progress in both science and technology.”以及下句“All of these are changing the daily life...”可知此处应该是指中国对人类作出了巨大的贡献。故选B。
5. C 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要想告诉我们________。A项：中国科学家比以前更擅长科学技术；B项：四大发明使中国在世界上强大；C项：中国随着自身的发展提高了国际影响力；D项：中国已经生产了时速400千米的新型高铁。本文介绍了中国近年来在科技方面的重大发展，故选C。
【实战训练】 E
No one is glad to hear that his body has to be cut open by a surgeon(外科医生) and part of it is taken out. Today, however, we needn't worry about feeling pain during the operation. The sick person falls into a kind of sleep, and when he awakes, the
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operation is finished. But these happy conditions are fairly new. It is not many years since a man who had to have an operation felt all its pain.
Long ago, operations had usually to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best for him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched.
Soon after 1770, Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called "laughing gas". Laughing gas became known in America. Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of them spent their time laughing, but one man at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people didn't seem to feel pain when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself. He asked a friend to help him.
Wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of Well's teeth. Wells felt no pain at all. As he didn't know enou gh about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out.
Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells never forgot this terrible event.
1. It is ____ since a man being operated felt all the pain.
A. a few more years B. not very long
C. few years D. two thousand years
2. Long ago, when the sick man was operated on, he ____.
A. could feel nothing B. could not want anything
C. could feel all the pain D. could do anything
3. Using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to ____.
A. be afraid of anything B. feel pain
C. want to go to the parties D. be ill
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4. If a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he ____.
A. felt nothing B. felt very comfortable C. still felt pain D. would die
5. One who took too much of the laughing gas ____.
A. would laugh all the time B. would die
C. would never feel again D. would be very calm
阅读理解参考答案：1—5 BCBCB
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