2019年中考（人教）英语：阅读理解基础优题（4）及答案
Passage A
（2019中考选练）
As young students, you have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, such as winning the Nobel Prize; they can also be small, such as becoming one of the best students in your class.
Once you find a dream, what do you do with it? Do you ever try to make your dream real?
Andrew Matthews, an Australian writer, tells us that making your dreams real is life’s biggest challenge. You may think you’re not very good at some school subjects, or that it’s impossible for you to become a writer. Those kinds of ideas stop you from realizing your dream.
In fact, everyone can realize his dream. The first thing you must do is to remember what your dream is. Don’t let it leave your heart. Keep telling yourself what you want every day and then your dream will come true faster. You should know that a big dream is, in fact, made up of many small dreams.
You must also never give up your dream. There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams. But the biggest difficulty comes from yourself. You need to decide what is the most important. Studying instead of watching TV will help you to get better exam results, while saving five yuan instead of buying an ice cream means you can buy a new book.
As you get closer to your dream, it may change a little. This is good as you have the chance to learn something more useful and find new hobbies.
1. Which of the following isn’t mentioned in this passage?
A. You may think you’re not good at some school subjects.
B. Making your dreams real is life’s biggest challenge.
C. You must never give up your dream.
D. Listening to English more can help you realize your dream.
2. If we have dreams in our hearts and work hard, our dreams _______.
8
A. can’t be realized B. can be very small
C. will come true D. can be very big
3. How do you make your dream come true faster?
A. Remember what your dream is.
B. Don’t let your dream leave your heart.
C. Keep telling yourself what you want every day.
D. A, B and C.
4. To make your dream real, the first thing you must do is _______.
A. to remember what your dream is
B. to decide what is the most important
C. to learn something more useful and find new hobbies
D. to get better exam results
5. The best title of this passage is _______.
A. How to Become a Writer
B. How to Make Your Dream Real
C. A Big Dream Is Made Up of Small Dreams
D. Everyone Can Realize His Dream
参考答案DCDAB
Passage B
阅读下列材料，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
People say that George Washington, the first president of the United States, never told a lie. But it seems that the president was not without faults.
A New York library recently found that Washington borrowed two books from the library in 1789. He didn’t return them.
If he were still alive, he would have to pay the library ＄300,000 for being 220
8
years late.
On October 5, 1789, when the first president borrowed the books form the New York Society Library, he didn’t sign his name in the borrower’s book. He just wrote “president” to show who had taken them out.
The two books should have been brought back a month later but were never returned. Workers at the library realized the books were missing.
The New York Society Library doesn’t expect anyone to pay the fine. But it hopes that someone will return the books.
51.Gorge Washington is__________.
A. the president of the US now
B. the first president of the US
C. the first black president of the US
D. the president who always borrowed the books without returning them back
52.Gorge Washington borrowed a book from ________.
A. the Washington Public Library B. the New York Society Library
C. the Paris Society Library D. the Chinese Public Library
53.The library hopes _________.
A. Gorge Washington will return the book.
B. Gorge Washington will pay the fine
C. someone will find the book and return it
D. someone will pay the fine for the president
参考答案51—53 BBC
Passage C
Sun Liping, 6 , lives in a small village in Yunnan. Her biggest wish is to have running water in her home. All 35 families in Sun’s village have a serious problem--- they don’t have enough water. Every day, the villagers have to walk 20 minutes to get water.
Last year, the worst drought since the 1950s hit Yunnan, making more than 2 million people short of drinking water. This year, the drought is even worse.
8
Not only Yunnan, but many other provinces in China are short of water as well, such as Gansu and Qinghai.
According to a report on February 17, each Chinese person has about 28% of the world’s average（平均的） person’s amount of available(可用的) water. Two thirds of China’s cities are short of water and nearly 300 million people in rural areas don’t have safe water for drinking.
Every drop of water is important. Waste a drop of water a day and you lose a bucket(桶) a year. How can we use water in a smart way? Here are some tips for you to save water in your daily life:
1. Put plastic bottles of water in your toilet to cut down the water waste when you flush (冲洗) your toilet.
2. Don’t keep the water running while you’re brushing your teeth or washing your face and hands.
3. Use low-flow(低流量) shower heads .
4. Use a bucket to collect shower water while you wait for it to warm up.
5. Make your shower time shorter.
6. Set up a rain bucket to collect rainwater for watering plants or flowers.
54. What is the problem in Sun’s village?
A. They don’t have enough food. B. They don’t have enough water.
C. They have to walk far away to go to school. D. There are fewer and fewer villagers.
55. What does the underlined word drought mean in the second paragraph?
A. 饥饿 B. 干旱 C. 水灾 D. 贫穷
56. According to the report, __________________________________.
A. China has just 28 percent of the world’s available water.
B. Each Chinese person can use more water than the world’s average person.
C. There is not enough water in two thirds of China’s cities.
D. There are about 300 million people in China’s cities who don’t have enough water.
57. Which of the following would lead to a waste of water?
A. Using low-flow shower heads.
8
B. Collecting shower water while waiting for it to warm up.
C. Taking a quick shower.
B. Keeping the water running while brushing one’s teeth.
参考答案
54—57 BBCD
Passage D
羊的习性
Most people think sheep are stupid, friendly and harmless animals. The sheep are good for two things, being eaten and producing wool. The truth is that sheep are far smarter than we know. They build up friendships and stick up for one another in fights.
A 2001 study done by Keith Kendrick, who is now at the University of Electronic Science and Technology in China, found that sheep can remember at least 50 personal faces for more than 2 years. That is longer than many people.
“Sheep showed clear signs of being good at telling the differences，” says Kendrick. The team also found that sheep can separate expressions and prefer a smile to a frown(皱眉).
At the time Kendrick told BBC News，“The sheep's brain is organized. They must have some kinds of reaction (反应) to what they see in the world.”
Sheep also have complex social structures(结构). Over twenty years ago, researchers from the University of California observed for three years and discovered that they set up friendships and looked out for one another in times of need. “They can form long term relationships... they help weaker friends and support each other in fights，” says the 1993 study. They say that sheep are able to experience many feelings, from fear to anger, and from sadness to happiness.
1. According to the passage, the sheep offer people __________.
A. legs and head B. meat and wool C. head and meat D. legs and wool
2. The underlined word “complex” means “ ________” in Chinese.
A. 单一的 B. 复杂的 C. 多彩的 D. 固定的
3. The researchers from the University of California observed the sheep __________.
8
A. three years ago B. twenty years ago
C. for three years D. for twenty years
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A. Sheep are usually regarded as friendly animals.
B. Sheep can remember longer than many humans.
C. Sheep like fighting for food.
D. Sheep are able to experience many feelings.
5. In the passage, the writer tells us __________.
A. sheep are cleverer than we know B. sheep's wool is comfortable
C. sheep may help the weaker people D. sheep build friendship by living together
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了羊不为人知的特性：羊远比我们知道的更聪明，有超强的记忆力、丰富的表情和多种情绪变化；它们也有复杂的社会结构，可以形成长期关系，建立友谊，互相支持。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，羊给人们提供________。A项：腿和头；B项：肉和羊毛；C项：头和肉；D项：腿和羊毛。根据第一段第二句“The sheep are good for two things, being eaten and producing wool.”可知选B。
2. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“complex”的汉语意思是“________”。联系下文，“羊可以建立友谊，在伙伴需要的时候互相帮助”表明羊有复杂的社会结构，故选B。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：来自加利福尼亚大学的研究人员观察羊________。根据最后一段第二句“Over twenty years ago, researchers from the University of California observed for three years...”可知选C。
4. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下列哪项是不正确的？A项：羊通常被认为是友善的动物；B项：羊可以比许多人的记忆更长久；C项：羊喜欢为食物打架；D项：羊能够体验到许多情感。根据最后一段第三句中“...they help weaker friends and support each other in fights”可知，羊帮助弱势朋友，在打架时互相支持，而不是为食物打架，故C项表述错误。
5. A 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：在文章中，作者告诉我们________。A项：羊比我们知道的更聪明；B项：羊毛是舒适的；C项：羊可以帮助弱一些的人们；D
8
项：羊通过住在一起建立友谊。通读文章可知本文主要介绍了一项关于羊的研究，说明了羊比人们知道的更聪明。故选A。
Passage E
Walking through the winter park, the trees stand cold and bare(光秃秃的). The winter has shaken their yellow leaves to the ground. As I keep walking, a noise in the background is becoming louder and clearer. Now, 100 meters ahead, is a group of women gathered at the sides of a path. In the cold breeze of winter, they’re moving their arms and legs to a rhythm(节奏).They are, of course, the dancing aunties.
It seems that if you go to any public space around China, you’re likely to see these dancing aunties. When I first came to China, it was one of the first things that stuck me. That’s because in Britain dancing in public is not a cultural habit. You won’t see any age group swinging their arms and tapping their feet in a park. Usually, they just take a walk for exercise.
Now and again the dancing aunties have hit the headlines. Some people find them annoying. But others respect their right to dance in public. With most of them middle-aged, they finally have some free time to do whatever they like. There is no more work, and their kids have left.
Personally, I like seeing these women enjoying themselves. They remind us of the importance of exercise as we get older.
Besides, most of them have raised the whole families. Now is their time to have fun and enjoy some peace.
（ ）1. Just women dance at the sides of a path.
（ ）2. The British people usually like running in the winter for exercise.
（ ）3. Most of middle-aged women dance because they have no more work and their kids have left.
（ ）4. The author is critical for dancing aunties.
（ ）5. According to the passage that Chinese women like dancing in public.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国当下非常流行的广场舞，中国的这种文化与英国是不同的。跳广场舞的大多是中年妇女，她们在为整个家庭做出巨大贡献的同时，也要学会享受生活，作者十分支持这一娱乐方式。
8
【参考答案】1--5 BBABA
8
微信/支付宝扫码支付