专题19 去伪存真 短文改错
一、Whenever we hear about “the homeless”，most of us think of the developing world.But the 1 is that homelessness is everywhere.For example，how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 2 country like Germany?
Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 3 for the homeless of Berlin，Germany’s capital.They first 4 in one long hot summer when most Germans were 5 on holiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches， 6 .
The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren’t 7 .“What these people also need is warmth and 8 ，” says Rita.The Mullers didn’t 9 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.Rita 10 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 11 to anyone who couldn’t face another night on the street.
The couple were soon 12 all their time and money，so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 13 donations.Today，over thirty companies 14 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 15 them to the homeless.The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 16 new shoes.
Kurt and Rita receive no 17 for their hard work.“We feel like parents，” says Rita，“and parents shouldn’t 18 money for helping their children.The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 19 ，she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 20 in the world.
1.A.result B.truth
C.reason D.idea
答案 B
2.A.traditional B.developing
C.typical D.wealthy
答案 D
解析 traditional传统的；developing发展中的；typical典型的；wealthy富裕的。我们有多少人能预料到在一个像德国这么富有的国家也有人住在大街上。
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3.A.preparations B.houses
C.meals D.suggestions
答案 C
解析 preparation筹备；house房子；meal餐，饭；suggestion建议。根据后文的“Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches”可知，他们是为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了。
4.A.began B.met
C.called D.left
答案 A
5.A.asleep B.alone
C.across D.away
答案 D
解析 解析参见上题。asleep睡着的；alone单独的；across穿过；away离开，远去。
6.A.brought up B.set up
C.put aside D.gave away
答案 D
解析 bring up提起，养育；set up搭建，建立；put aside放一边；give away无偿赠送。库尔特和他的妻子待在家里做三明治，提供给无家可归者。
7.A.enough B.necessary
C.helpful D.expensive
答案 A
解析 enough足够的；necessary有必要的；helpful有帮助的；expensive贵的。由后句中的“What these people also need...(人们还需要的是……)”可知，此处应该表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够”。
8.A.fame B.freedom
C.courage D.caring
答案 D
解析 fame名望，名声；freedom自由；courage勇气；caring关心，关怀。他们还需要温暖和关怀。
9.A.hesitate B.agree
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C.pretend D.intend
答案 A
解析 hesitate犹豫；agree同意；pretend假装；intend打算，想要。穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把电话号码给了那些无家可归的人，并告诉他们随时给他们打电话。
10.A.made sense B.found out
C.made sure D.worked out
答案 C
解析 make sense有道理；find out发现，查明；make sure确保；work out算出，制定。前面说到穆勒夫妇把电话号码给无家可归的人，因此此处应是：丽塔确保家里有人随时接电话。
11.A.open B.crowded
C.noisy D.near
答案 A
解析 open开放的；crowded拥挤的；noisy嘈杂的，吵闹的；near近的，接近的。她们家对任何一个在街上不想面对又一晚流落街头的人是敞开的。be open to意为“对……是敞开的；对……开放”。
12.A.costing B.wasting
C.taking D.spending
答案 D
13.A.pay for B.ask for
C.look into D.carry out
答案 B
解析 pay for付出；ask for要求，请求；look into调查；carry out执行。因为穆勒夫妇马上就要花完他们的时间和金钱了，所以库尔特去了几家食品厂和服装厂请求捐赠。
14.A.completely B.calmly
C.regularly D.roughly
答案 C
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解析 completely完全地，完整地；calmly镇定地，平静地；regularly经常性地，定期地；roughly大约，粗暴地。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品。
15.A.advertise B.sell
C.deliver D.lend
答案 C
解析 advertise做广告；sell卖出；deliver递送，传送；lend借给。志愿者们帮助向无家可归者分发这些食品和其他物品。
16.A.donates B.produces
C.designs D.collects
答案 A
解析 donate捐赠；produce生产；design设计；collect收集。公众也捐献衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还捐赠新鞋。
17.A.permission B.payment
C.direction D.support
答案 B
18.A.borrow B.raise
C.save D.expect
答案 D
解析 borrow借；raise提高；save挽救，保存，节省；expect期望。我们感觉就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的。其他动词都不符合句意。
19.A.surprised B.excited
C.tired D.amused
答案 C
解析 surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；tired累的；amused愉快的。尽管丽塔承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继续这项工作。
20.A.profit B.difference
C.decision D.rule
答案 B
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二、
Men and women may have different experiences in shopping for clothes.
A man goes shopping because he needs something.His purpose is settled and decided in 1 .He knows what he wants，and his 2 is to find it and buy it.All men 3 walk into a shop and ask the shop assistant for what they want.If the shop has it in stock(库存)，the deal can be done and 4 is completed in less than five minutes，with hardly any chat to everyone’s 5 .
For a man，slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants.In that 6 ，the salesman tries to sell the customer something else—he 7 the nearest to the article required.A good salesman brings out such a substitute(替代品) 8 ；he may say，“I know this jacket is not the style you want，sir，but would you like to try it for size？It 9 to be the color you mentioned.” Few men have 10 with this treatment，and the usual answer is：“This is the right color and may be the right size，but I shouldn’t be 11 my time and yours by trying it on.”
For a woman，buying clothes is always done in the 12 way.Her shopping is not often 13 on need.She has never fully decided what she wants，and she is only “having a look around”.She is always 14 to persuasion，willing to try on any number of things.Deep in her mind is the thought of finding something that 15 thinks suits her.Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the lookout for the unexpected 16 .Faced with a roomful of dresses，a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another 17 selecting the dress she wants to 18 .It is a tiresome process，but clearly a(n) 19 one.Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting 20 .
1.A.detail B.hurry
C.advance D.mind
答案 C
解析 根据下句“He knows what he wants...”可知男人购物时，他们要买的东西预先(in advance)就决定好了。
2.A.advice B.goal
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C.demand D.question
答案 B
解析 既然他知道他想要什么，因此他的目标(goal)就是发现它并购买。advice建议；demand要求；question问题。
3.A.quickly B.immediately
C.soon D.simply
答案 D
解析 所有的男士只是(simply)走进商店向售货员要他们想要的东西。quickly迅速地；immediately立即；soon不久。
4.A.often B.constantly
C.normally D.finally
答案 A
5.A.confidence B.amusement
C.satisfaction D.surprise
答案 C
解析 解析见上题。confidence信心；amusement娱乐；satisfaction满意；surprise惊奇。
6.A.time B.event
C.situation D.case
答案 D
解析 如果那样的话(in that case)，售货员就会竭尽全力卖给顾客其他东西——售货员会把离这位男顾客想要的东西最近的那件提供(offer)给他。
7.A.gives B.offers
C.presents D.delivers
答案 B
解析 解析见上题。give给予；present赠送，呈现；deliver送(货)。
8.A.skillfully B.attentively
C.actively D.carefully
答案 A
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解析 好的售货员会巧妙地(skillfully)拿出这样的替代品。attentively认真地；actively积极地；carefully仔细地。
9.A.occurs B.happens
C.comes D.takes
答案 B
解析 先生，我知道这件夹克不是你想要的款式，但是你能试一试这件看看尺码合适吗？那碰巧(happen)是你提到的那种颜色。
10.A.patience B.interest
C.expectation D.experience
答案 A
11.A.losing B.spending
C.giving D.wasting
答案 D
解析 这件的颜色和大小可能都合适，但我不应该通过试穿它来浪费(waste)你我的时间。lose丢失；spend花费；give给予。
12.A.same B.clever
C.opposite D.similar
答案 C
解析 对于女士来说，她们总是以迥然不同的(opposite)方式购买衣服。same相同的；clever聪明的；similar相似的。
13.A.relied B.based
C.done D.related
答案 B
解析 女士购物经常不是基于需要。be based on基于……；be relied on被依赖。没有be done on和be related on结构。
14.A.open B.ready
C.close D.happy
答案 A
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15.A.nobody B.somebody
C.everybody D.anybody
答案 C
解析 在女性购物者内心深处是想找到每个人(everyone)都认为适合她的东西。anybody常用于否定句和疑问句，故被排除。nobody和somebody不合本句句意，可直接排除。
16.A.deal B.surprise
C.luck D.bargain
答案 D
解析 根据上文(大多数女性都有超高的价值意识)可推知，女性购物者总是对意外的便宜货(bargain)很留意。deal交易；surprise惊奇；luck运气。
17.A.after B.as
C.before D.by
答案 C
解析 面对满屋子的衣服，女性购物者可能会很容易花一个小时从一个服装架走到另一个服装架才(before)会选中自己想要试穿(try on)的衣服。
18.A.try on B.try out
C.try up D.try for
答案 A
解析 参考上题解析。
19.A.tiring B.enjoyable
C.boring D.graceful
答案 B
解析 这个过程很烦人，但对女性购物者来说显然是一种令她们很愉悦的(enjoyable)过程。
20.A.customers B.assistants
C.wives D.husbands
答案 D
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解析 男士不愿意购物，因此大多数服装店总是给等待女士购物的丈夫们提供椅子。
三、
Thinking of my good friends，I sense that my attitudes are totally different towards men and women.
My earliest childhood friend is Donald.In the street was a(n)_________old German truck.No wheels.No doors.Each day，________we were flying over the Atlantic in that truck—our “airplane”， there came that wonderful moment：“ Engine_________！” I'd shout, “We'll have to jump out.”Glancing at me，he'd say, “I can't__________！”“Fear not! I'll drag you to the ________.”And when we swam_________the dust, Donald cried “Sharks！” But I always____________him.The next day, changing_________， Donald would do the same to me.We saved each other hundreds of times, but when my family really did leave for America, we could do___________.We just cried silently as the train__________.
These days, Jessica is one of my best friends.Recently we were swimming on the shore of the Atlantic, the___________one I had “flown” over in my German truck with Donald.We were far from the shore when we both thought we____________a shark! We began swimming___________toward the shore.Although in___________，I fell back to protect her.In the end, the“ shark” proved ____________， but not my deep emotional feelings for my friend.We looked into each other's eyes and said, “I love you！”
You see with women I could be___________， emotionally honest and transparent.With male friends, it seemed impossible to____________caring feelings however deep the friendship was.Much to my__________， research shows that men and women have very different____________and rational (理性的)processes.I do love all my friends－only the means of expression_______.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述“我”和朋友Donald和Jessica在一起时的经历，说明了“我”对待男性朋友和女性朋友的情感表达方式是不同的。
1. A．advanced B．decorated
C．abandoned D．updated
2.A．before B．while
C．after D．until
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答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，每天当(while)我们乘坐飞机(旧的德国卡车)飞越大西洋时，美妙的时刻就来临了。
3. A．loss B．death
C．pressure D．failure
答案：D 解析：根据下文的 “we'll have to jump out”可知，此处表示“发动机(出现)故障(failure)”，故选D。
4. A．jump B．swim
C．die D．run
答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“we were flying over the Atlantic”及“we'll have to jump out”和下文的“when we swam”可知，此处表示“我不会游泳(swim)”。
5. A．dust B．river
C．truck D．shore
答案：D 解析：参见上题解析。因为Donald不会游泳，故此处表示“我会拖着你一起到岸(shore)上”。
6. A．over B．through
C．across D．beyond
7. A．left B．fetched
C．rescued D．defeated
答案：C 解析：根据空前的“Sharks”及“But”可知，此处表示“但是我总是营救(rescued)他”。leave“留下”；fetch“去取回”；defeat“打败”。
8. A．roles B．manners
C．images D．forms
答案：A 解析：根据上文讲述的我们的游戏和扮演的角色可知，此处表示“第二天我们交换角色(roles)”。
9. A．something B．nothing
C．anything D．everything
答案：B 解析：根据空前的“We saved each other hundreds of times”及“but”可知，在游戏中我们互相营救了几百次，但是当我们家真的要离开去美国的时候，我们什么事情都做不了，故选B。
10. A．broke down B．moved in
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C．pulled away D．blew up
答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，当火车开动(pulled away)时，我们默默地哭了。break down“分解，失败”；move in“搬进新居”；blow up“炸毁，给(某物)充气”。
11. A．very B．last
C．first D．only
答案：A 解析：根据空后的“one I had flown over in my German truck with Donald”可知，此处应选A。the very one表示“就是那一个”。
12. A．attacked B．spotted
C．annoyed D．killed
A．eagerly B．casually
C．hardly D．crazily
答案：D 解析：根据上文可知，我们疯狂地(crazily)往岸边游去。eagerly”迫切地”；casually”偶然地”；hardly“几乎不”。
14. A．panic B．hesitation
C．doubt D．silence
答案：A 解析：根据语境可知，尽管恐慌、害怕(in panic)，“我”还是游回去保护她。hesitation“犹豫”；doubt“怀疑”：silence“沉默”。
15. A．fierce B．friendly
C．imaginary D．true
答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，鲨鱼被证明是我们想象的(imaginary)，但是“我”对朋友的深情是真实的。
16. A．cool B．shy
C．passive D．open
答案：D 解析：根据空后的“emotionally honest and transparent”可知，和女性朋友在一起，“我”是坦率的(open)。
17. A．express B．hide
C．admit D．control
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答案：A 解析：根据空后的“however deep the friendship was”可知，和男性朋友在一起，无论友谊多么深厚，表达(express)关心的感情看起来都是不可能的。
18. A．embarrassment B．disappointment
C．relief D．surprise
答案：C 解析：根据空后的“research shows...processes”可知，此处表示“令我非常宽慰的是”。to one's relief为固定短语，意为“令人宽慰的是”。
19. A．emotional B．physical
C．mental D．moral
20. A．changes B．develops
C．matters D．differs
答案：D 解析：根据本段内容可知，“我”确实爱“我”的朋友们，只是“我”的表达方式不同(differs)。
四、
For me, two of the loveliest words in English are “Life persists”．
I____ ___them years ago as a college student, sitting in the library，_____ _____， working on a paper.Out of nowhere, those words came _____ ____ off the page in a quote (引语)：“In the midst of death life persists, in the midst of_____ ____truth persists, in the midst of darkness light persists.”
Suddenly I wasn't unhappy and impatient any more.Then I_____ ____my granddad.I loved to talk with him.And I was_____ _____to hear what he'd think of it.He had poor hearing, so I had to ______ ____it a few times, but once he______ _____it, he laughed. “All I can say to that is totally_____ _____，” he said on the phone. I told him how glad I was, after a long winter, to finally see spring and_____ ____to find that quote.“Why is that？” he asked.“Well, spring is a sure_____ ____that life persists.And it just makes me_____ ____.”
He laughed again, and then_____ ____his lovely voice, he recited for me his_____ ____“ spring time” words: “ The desert shall rejoice (高兴) , and______ ____as the rose does...even with joy and singing.”
Many years later，______ ___my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and
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blooming (盛开的) cactuses，I could_____ _____hear my granddad laughing: “The desert shall rejoice.”
Life persists, and so do we, in the silence of______ ____and the blooming of cactuses; and in the dead of _____ ___and the green of spring.Spring_____ _____us that we're alive forever.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述的是作者有感于春天的活力，从偶然读到的一段话联想到生命的意义与坚持。生命长存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，长存于冬去春来的绿意中。冬去春来，生命依然长存，而我们也要继续前行。
1. A．looked for B．happened on
C．picked out D．made up
答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，几年前坐在大学的图书馆里作者偶然遇到这两个单词“Life persists”。happen on“偶然遇到或发现”，符合语境。pick out“挑选，辨别出”；make up“编造”。
2.A．bored B．concentrated
C．tired D．confused
3. A．running B．dancing
C．rushing D．moving
答案：B 解析：这两个词突然从书页上的引语中跃入作者的眼帘。dancing在此形象生动地描述了这两个词所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它们的偶然性。
4. A．fear B．accusation
C．suspicion D．untruth
答案：D 解析：在死亡中，生命依然坚持；在谎言中，真理依然长存；在黑暗中，光明依然永驻。根据句中的death与life，darkness与light的对应关系可知，此处应填truth的反义词。untruth“虚假，不真实”符合语境。accusation“控告”；suspicion“怀疑”。
5. A．called B．visited
C．consulted D．informed
答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“on the phone”可知，作者给爷爷打电话。call“(给……)打电话”，符合语境。visit“看望，拜访”；consult“咨询”；inform“告知“。
6. A．patient B．confident
C．upset D．desperate
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答案：D 解析：根据语境及上文中的“I loved to talk with him”可知，作者很想听到爷爷(对这句话)是怎么看的。desperate“极想，渴望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。
7. A．copy B．print
C．repeat D．recite
答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“He had poor hearing，so I had to”和下文中的“a few times”可知，爷爷的听觉不灵，所以作者不得不多次重复(repeat)这句话。copy“抄写”；print“打印”；recite“背诵”。
8. A．got B．made
C．undertook D．managed
答案：A 解析：但是一旦作者的爷爷明白(got it)了，他就笑了起来。make it“获得成功，准时到达”。
9. A．puzzlement B．scepticism
C．agreement D．disapproval
10. A．practically B．especially
C．obviously D．naturally
答案：B 解析：作者告诉爸爸她在漫长的冬天过去，最终看到春天，特别是偶然发现这句引语，自己是有多高兴。especially “特别，尤其”，符合语境。practically“实际地，差不多”；obviously“明显地”；naturally“自然而然地”。
11. A．way B．inspiration
C．remark D．sign
答案：D 解析：春天就是一个可信的迹象，它表明生命是长存的。sign”迹象，征兆”符合语境。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。
12. A．astonished B．energetic
C．merry D．alive
答案：C 解析：根据上文中的“I wasn't unhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(高兴)“joy”及文章的主题可知，这句话使作者感到开心(merry)。astonished“震惊的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。
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13. A．in B．with
C．of D．beyond
答案：A 解析：作者的爷爷又笑了笑，然后用他那悦耳的嗓音为作者背诵了他最喜欢的语句。In…voice是固定搭配，表示“以……的嗓音”。
14. A．impressive B．superb
C．classical D．favorite
答案：D 解析：参见上题解析。impressive“给人印象深刻的”；superb“极佳的，质量极高的”；classical“经典的”；favorite“最喜欢的”。
15. A．exist B．flower
C．survive D．sow
答案：B 解析：沙漠应该高兴，像玫瑰一样盛开。根据空后的“as the rose does”可知，flower“开花”符合语境。
16. A．after B．when
C．until D．although
17. A．hardly B．always
C．almost D．mostly
答案：C 解析：参见上题解析。almost“几乎，差不多”，符合语境。
18. A．journeys B．words
C．world D．desert
答案：D 解析：根据空后的“the blooming of cactuses...”和上文中的“a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛开的)cactuses”及“The desert shall rejoice”可知，生命长存，同样的，我们也要坚持。生命长存于寂静的沙漠(desert)中和盛开的仙人掌里。
19. A．winter B．spring
C．summer D．autumn
答案：A 解析：in the dead of winter“在隆冬，在严冬”。空前的dead形象地表现出了冬季万物萧条的景象，与春季的绿意及万物复苏的景象形成鲜明的对比。
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20. A．convinces B．assures
C．reminds D．strikes
答案：C 解析：春天提醒我们，我们永远充满活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使确信”；remind“提醒”；strike“突然想到”。
五、
Life in the Slow Lane
I always seemed to be rushing through my life.I'd______________my seat belt and slam (猛踩) the accelerator to get where I wanted to go. Or, at the mall, I'd____________the stores like a runner in the hundred-meter dash. There just weren't enough hours in the day and I was afraid I might ____________ something if I didn't hurry up.
And then one day, as fate would have it, I ran out of ___________.As my car coasted off the road, I looked at my watch and hit the steering wheel ____________.I had a meeting in fifteen minutes and I hadn't even finished ____________for it.
But as I got out of my car, a(n)_______________ thing happened.I looked out towards the east, and the ___________ was just beginning to shine over the horizon. There was a low misty___________ hanging over the river, and some ducks were cutting thick, smooth trails (痕迹) across the otherwise glass-like surface of the water.A few sailboats __________at anchor, their mirror images extending out before them.
I was shocked.This ____________ scene had been going on right outside my car every morning and I had never _____________ time appreciating it.I had been rushing around in such a ____________ that I had been missing everything!
I was quietly，____________， patiently watching as the sun painted a brand new day when a co-worker finally____________my car and stopped for me.I had somehow been transformed.Life went from a fast break dance into a slow waltz.I began taking long, slow walks___________my yard and neighborhood, noticing for the first time all the neighbors, mysteries and wonders___________were right there for me to see all the time.Not only were there sights that I had been missing, but I began to hear entire __________ all around me: birds singing, wind blowing and leaves rustling.
____________ one gives close attention to anything, even a blade of grass，it becomes a mysterious, beautiful and indescribably magnificent_______in itself.
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文章大意：本文主要讲述了作者在一次因车无油而下车欣赏到身边的美景的经历后开始学着享受慢生活的故事。
1. A．harden B．loosen
C．tighten D．widen
2.A．race through B．pass by
C．come across D．look into
答案：A 解析：根据“like a runner in the hundred-meter dash”可推知，作者是在快速移动，与上文的“rushing through my life”呼应。
3. A．waste B．miss
C．meet D．cost
4. A．money B．water
C．time D．gas
答案：D 解析：根据下文的“As my car coasted off the road”可推知，作者的车当时没有油了。
5. A．delightfully B．in depression
C．bravely D．in astonishment
答案：B 解析：结合下文的“I had a meeting in fifteen minutes and I hadn't even finished _______ for it”可推知，作者当时很沮丧，空处与”hit the steering wheel”呼应。
6. A．waiting B．calling
C．caring D．preparing
答案：D 解析：因为作者还没有做完准备工作，而车又没有油了，这让作者很沮丧。
7. A．confusing B．amusing
C．amazing D．embarrassing
答案：C 解析：根据下文的“I was shocked.This ____ ____ scene had been going on right outside my car every morning and I had never ___ ___ time appreciating it”可推知，作者下车后，发现了令他惊喜的事情。
8. A．star B．light
C．moon D．sun
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答案：D 解析：根据下文的“shine over the horizon”可推知，此处表示太阳刚刚升起。下文的“as the sun”也是提示。
9. A．ice B．wind
C．smoke D．fog
答案：D 解析：根据空前的“misty”可知，此处表示早上轻雾弥漫在河上的场景。
10. A．sat B．went
C．seated D．reached
答案：A 解析：结合语境可知，此处表示“停靠”，故选A。
11. A．disastrous B．accidental
C．glorious D．necessary
答案：C 解析：根据下文的“appreciating”可推知，作者为迷人的景致感到震撼。glorious“壮丽的，吸引人的”。
12. A．brought B．spent
C．taught D．founded
答案：B 解析：spend time (in) doing sth.为固定用法，意为“花时间做某事”，符合语境，故选B。
13. A．hurry B．case
C．position D．mess
答案：A 解析：此处与“had been rushing”呼应，表示作者一直生活匆忙。in a hurry“匆忙”。
14. A．regretfully B．joyfully
C．obviously D．carelessly
答案：B 解析：根据上文的“appreciating”可推知，作者满心欢喜地欣赏着早上的景致。
15. A．memorized B．borrowed
C．recognized D．opened
16. A．around B．with
C．for D．from
答案：A 解析：根据语境可推知，作者开始了一种慢生活，到院子和周围的街区转转。
17. A．which B．that
C．who D．what
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答案：B 解析：that在此引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。定语从句先行词为all the neighbors，mysteries and wonders，既有人又有物，故用that引导。
18. A．symphonies B．fantasies
C．noises D．cultures
答案：A 解析：根据下文的“birds singing，wind blowing and leaves rustling”可推知，周围所有的声响组合到一起成了交响乐。symphony“交响乐”。
19.A．Until B．Although
C．The moment D．The present
答案：C 解析：the moment意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，符合语境。
20. A．space B．village
C．city D．world
答案： D 解析：根据文中的“anything”可推知，此处表示这一切组成一个美妙的世界。
六、
When my kids were small, I started a tradition in our house of giving eight gifts over the course of the eight days of Hanukkah ( 光明节)．I liked the idea of ________a candle every night and giving my children a gift to unwrap to _________.It was easy to go into a toy store and pick up something _________less than $ 10 each, or even $ 1 each (at the dollar store)．My children didn't ask for anything much in particular and they________ whatever they got.
As the years progressed, I _________the tradition of eight gifts for each night of Hanukkah.
But this year, Hanukkah________something else. My special-needs son decided that he wanted to _______a computer, and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it.When I wouldn't_________ that, he decided he wanted a PlayStation.Then Amazon gift cards. Then money. And when it became clear that it wasn't going to happen, he got _________.
I keep _________him that Hanukkah isn't about greed or materialism.It's about the miracle of an oil lamp that ________for eight days. It's about being __________of our heritage. It's about freedom.
But he ________.I know deep down that his obsessions (迷恋的物) are out of his_________， and definitely out of mine.Having a special-needs child is as_______as it gets.Some days are better than others and not all holidays _________the way I hope.But despite his unrealistic requests, he's a(n) ________ child who is showing me the true meaning of life.
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And as we enter a new year and light the ________ approaching the time, I welcome his differences _________I learn how to turn negative requests into_______ones.
文章大意： 本文主要讲述了作者一家过光明节的传统、变化及作者的应对策略和反思。
1. A．buying B．donating
C．lighting D．drawing
2.A．celebrate B．present
C．send D．play
答案：A 解析：根据上文的“Hanukkah(光明节)”可推知，节日是用来庆祝的。
3. A．at B．for
C．in D．from
答案：B 解析：根据语境“less than $10 each，or even $1 each (at the dollar store)”可推知，此处表示东西的价格，故用介词for。
4. A．ate B．threw
C．liked D．drank
答案：C 解析：结合语境“My children didn't ask for anything much in particular”可推知，孩子们并不挑剔，很喜欢拿到的礼物。
5. A．held up B．gave in
C．handed in D．kept up
6. A．made B．became
C．found D．designed
答案：B 解析：根据转折“But this year，Hanukkah _______ something else和“My special-needs soon”可推知，今年有些不同，有了新变化。
7. A．build B．buy
C．use D．watch
答案：A 解析： 根据语境“and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it”可推知，儿子要组建一台电脑，要作者去买零配件。
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8. A．rely on B．learn from
C．agree to D．dream about
答案：C 解析：根据下文的“And when it became clear that it wasn't going to happen，he got ________”可推知，作者没同意儿子的要求，儿子就有了其他更多的要求。agree to“同意”。
9. A．calm B．happy
C．selfish D．upset
答案：D 解析：很明显，作者没同意儿子的要求，儿子感到难过。upset“难过”。
10. A．telling B．warning
C．promising D．accusing
答案：A 解析：很明显，作者在不断地给儿子讲道理，说明节日的意义。
11. A．lays B．hangs
C．waits D．burns
12. A．tired B．proud
C．afraid D．lack
答案：B 解析：固定搭配be proud of意为“以……为傲，为……而自豪”，符合语境。
13. A．nodded B．slept
C．insisted D．failed
答案：C 解析：根据下文的“I know deep down at his obsessions(迷恋的物)are out of his ____ ___，and definitely out of mine”可推知，儿子不为所动，坚持自己的要求。
14. A．mind B．sight
C．control D．place
答案：C 解析：根据“obsessions(迷恋的物)”可推知，儿子陷入迷恋的事物之中，已经失控。out of control“失控”。
15. A．wonderful B．dangerous
C．interesting D．challenging
答案：D 解析：很明显，作者应对有特殊需求的儿子有些棘手。challenging“挑战性的”。
16. A．run out B．break down
C．work out D．put down
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答案：C 解析：根据“the way I hope”可知，有些事情并不像作者希望的那样发展。work out“成功地发展”。
17. A．strange B．amazing
C．bad D．energetic
答案：B 解析：根据语境“who is showing me the true meaning of life”可推知，此处的语气表示肯定、赞赏，故选B。amazing“了不起的”。
18. A．candles B．lamps
C．torches D．lanterns
19. A．when B．as
C．unless D．until
答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系，故选B。as“因为”。
20. A．relative B．possible
C．reasonable D．positive
答案：D 解析：与语境中的“negative”形成对比可知，此处表示把负面要求变成积极要求。positive“积极的”。
七、
I have always thought of myself as a doer.In work，I certainly was and continue to be.As a mom，I'm mostly a doer.However，my _________ for breast cancer made me _________ I hadn't been a doer in the way I wanted to be－but that was about to _________.
Since I became a _________ and reported many plane crashes，I've been _________ of flying.My family had _________ been to another continent together.Now that the chemo(化疗 ) _________，as a gift to myself，my kids and my mom，I took them all to London to _________ life before beginning radiation every weekday for six weeks.
This time I made a_________ not to think too much about it.Looking in the mirror without hair，you do your best to_________ your day as though it were a day_________ you discovered your lump (肿块)．Then everything seems doable._________ I just booked the trip.In London，every day I __________ a different adventure，from which my family and I learned much and _________ ourselves.
I had wanted to take a __________ like this for years，but life and work had gotten in the
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way.Now，_________ life and work，we had finally done _______.I have thoroughly enjoyed family learning ________ living，but nothing is better than knowing that my kids feel _____ for the trip.One day，perhaps they'll realize that sometimes，the best __________ come(s) after surviving your greatest fears.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一个实干家，工作勤奋，但是治疗乳腺癌让作者意识到了在某种程度上她不再是实干家。在化疗结束之后，为了庆祝生活，作者带家人一起到伦敦旅游，实现了自己多年来的愿望……
1. A．concern B．reason
C．treatment D．anxiety
2.A．realize B．imagine
C．ignore D．doubt
答案：A 解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“意识到”，符合语境，故A项正确。 B项意为“想象”；C项意为“忽视”；D项意为“怀疑”，都与语境不符。
3. A．continue B．change
C．happen D．arise
答案：B 解析：根据该句中的“I hadn't been a doer in the way I wanted to be－but that was about to ____3____ ”可以判断，此处表示作者没有成为她想要成为的实干家，但是那将要改变。故B项正确。
4. A．pilot B．doctor
C．tourist D．journalist
答案：D 解析：根据空后的“and reported many plane crashes”可知，作者应是一名记者，故D项正确。
5. A．tired B．fond
C．proud D．afraid
答案：D 解析：根据空前的“and reported many plane crashes”可知，作者报道过多起飞机坠毁事故，她应该是害怕乘飞机。故D项正确。
6. A．frequently B．never
C．already D．just
答案：B 解析：根据后一句中的“Now that the chemo(化疗)___ ____，as a gift to myself，my kids
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and my mom，I took them all to London”可知，化疗结束了，作为奖励，作者带她的孩子们和母亲到了伦敦；结合前一句她害怕乘飞机的陈述可知，她的家人从来没有一起到过另外一个大洲。故B项正确。
7. A．failed B．delayed
C．ended D．approached
答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，由于化疗结束了，作为给自己、孩子们和母亲的礼物，作者带他们到了伦敦。故C项符合语境。
8. A．save B．create
C．improve D．celebrate
答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，作者带家人到伦敦是为了庆祝生活。D项意为“庆祝”，符合语境，故D项正确。
9. A．decision B．wish
C．judgment D．conclusion
答案：A 解析：根据“This time I made a ____9____ not to think too much about it”可知，此处表示这一次作者决定不过多地考虑放疗。make a decision为固定搭配，意为“作出决定”，故A项正确。
10. A．get rid of B．get through
C．look back on D．look for
11. A．before B．after
C．until D．when
答案：A 解析：根据“Looking in the mirror..as though it were a day ____11____ you discovered your lump(肿块)”可知，看着镜子中没有头发的自己，你会努力度过你的每一天，就如发现肿块之前那样。故A项符合语境。
12. A．But B．Otherwise
C．So D．Even
答案：C 解析：根据空前的“Then everything seems doable”和空后的“I just booked the trip”可知，两句间为因果关系，故C项正确。
13. A．expected B．planned
C．described D．experienced
答案：D 解析：根据该句中的“In London，every，day I ____13____ a different adventure，from
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which my family and I learned much”可知，在伦敦，每天作者都体验着不同的冒险经历。D项意为“体验”，符合语境，故D项正确。
14. A．taught B．enjoyed
C．introduced D．trained
答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，在旅行过程中，作者和家人学到了很多知识，玩得很开心。enjoy oneself为固定搭配，意为“玩得痛快”。
15. A．trip B．rest
C．risk D．lesson
答案：A 解析：根据上一段倒数第二句中的“I just booked the trip”可知，此处表示作者想要这样的旅行已经有多年了。A项意为“旅行”，故A项正确。
16. A．in terms of B．owing to
C．in addition to D．regardless of
17. A．it B．them
C．everything D．something
答案：A 解析： 参见上题解析。根据语境可知，空处指代上文中的“trip”，作动词do的宾语，故用it。
18. A．for B．with
C．by D．beyond
答案：C 解析：根据该句中的“I have thoroughly enjoyed family learning ____18____ living”并结合语境可知，作者非常喜欢通过生活来进行家庭学习，by意为“通过……方式”，故C项正确。
19. A．eager B．grateful
C．ready D．sorry
答案：B 解析：根据该句中的“nothing is better than knowing that my kids feel ____19____ for the trip”并结合常识可知，没有什么比知道孩子们对这次旅行心怀感激更美好的了。B项意为“感激的”，符合语境，故B项正确。
20. A．work B．love
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C．adventures D．chances
答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，有一天他们可能会意识到有时最好的冒险发生在从极度恐惧中活下来之后。C项意为“冒险”，符合语境，故C项正确。第三段的“every day I _______ a different adventure”是提示。
八、
When your child is supposed to be doing homework are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn’t _________，__________ your child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things ___________！ Many people believe that they can ___________ two or more tasks at the same time，but Dr.Edward Hallowell says this is ___________.The reality is that multitasking __________ poor job performance.
New hand-held _________ such as smartphones，iPads，games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and __________ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task ___________，such as listening in the classroom or doing homework.“__________，the brain actually ___________ kids for multitasking even though your child’s performance on every task gets worse and worse.Kids don't know that they are doing __________ because they feel better when they multitask，”says Dr.Edward Hallowell.___________ the appearance of hand-held devices and social networking sites，teachers have noticed a difference in __________ performance，critical thinking skills and how information is __________.“ Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn，” says Dr.Edward Hallowell.Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and __________ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的)，to tune out and switch __________ to Facebook or using their cell phones __________ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem.In the long ________，multitasking affects grades.One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do _____ on tests，resulting in lower grades.
文章大意：本文主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面影响。
1. A．play B．understand
C．use D．work
2.A．only if B．even though
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C．so that D．no wonder
答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在逻辑上的转折关系，even though“虽然，尽管”，符合语境。
3. A．at once B．right away
C．in no time D．at random
答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can _______ two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。at once“一起，同时”。
4. A．advocate B．deal
C．perform D．prefer
答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。perform“做，执行，履行”。
5. A．impossible B．important
C．impatient D．impolite
6. A．results in B．results from
C．exists in D．exists from
答案：A 解析：根据语境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。result in“导致，造成”。
7. A．designs B．discoveries
C．equipment D．evidence
答案：C 解析：根据空后的“smartphones，iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故C项正确。下文________空后的“hand-held devices”也是信息提示。
8. A．attract B．draw
C．pay D．share
答案：D 解析：根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用”。
9. A．at hand B．on time
C．on schedule D．at times
答案：A 解析：根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing
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homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。at hand“在手边”。
10. A．Uncertainly B．Unfortunately
C．Universally D．Undoubtedly
答案：B 解析：根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr.Edward Hallowell并不赞成多任务行为，因此当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。
11. A．remains B．rewards
C．regards D．reflects
答案：B 解析：根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与worse形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。reward“奖赏，报答”。
12. A．better B．well
C．bad D．worse
13. A．Since B．Before
C．When D．While
答案：A 解析： 结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词since“自从……之后”引导状语从句。
14. A．accidental B．accurate
C．accessible D．academic
答案：D 解析：根据上文的“teachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。academic“学术的”。
15. A．produced B．processed
C．possessed D．promoted
答案：B 解析：根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这 些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。process “处理”。
16. A．tend B．attend
C．intend D．pretend
答案：A 解析：根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a difficult to understand’ topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起来有困难的话题，他们的注意力往往会分散。tend to do sth.“往往会发生某事”。
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17. A．out B．on
C．off D．over
答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。switch over to“转向”。
18. A．except for B．rather than
C．more than D．apart from
答案：B 解析：根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或Facebook，而不是更努力地 的孩子考试成绩差。
九、
Some adults spend a lot of time trying to stop children playing.They are usually people who think of play as being the _________ of work and therefore a waste of time.For humans，work is a way of getting food to eat，and like humans，__________ must spend time doing the _________ things.Regardless of this，children _________ playing，and so do other young animals.It is quite __________ to keep both a small child and a young cat ________ for hours with a piece of paper.
Hunting may be the most obvious skill _______ in play，but it is far from being the only one.Lambs and goat kids play _________，although they will never ________ anything other than some grass.But for these young animals too，__________ is an important part of learning.Sheep and goats are _________ hill and mountain animals.Running and skipping exercise young legs and develop a strong sense of ________ that will keep them safe on the steepest rocks.
_______ animals，play is not so different.________ trees and catching flies are not the most obvious training for the adult world，but the flexibility _______ in these activities is similar to that required of a bus driver or businessman.
What we know about animals shows us that playing is a very good way of ________，so maybe one of the best ways for ________ to learn is also by playing.Children find playing is fun，but _________ notice that they are also learning at the same time.Most people continue to play games long after they have become ________，and perhaps that is because we rely so much on our _____ to learn.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。通过与动物的类比得出“玩”对于孩子们来说也是一种学习的方式。
1. A．reward B．opposite
C．basis D．nature
答案：B 解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。
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根据上文“一些成年人会花费大量的时间阻止孩子玩”，因此他们认为玩浪费时间，是学习工作的对立面( opposite)。reward 奖励；basis基础；nature自然，本性；均不符合句意。
2. A．animals B．children
C．parents D．cats
3. A．same B．ordinary
C．dull D．chief
答案：A 解析：命题人考查的是形容词词义辨析。结合上一题解析可知答案。ordinary普通的；dull迟钝的；无趣的；chief主要的；均不符合句意。
4. A．delay B．regret
C．enjoy D．ignore
答案：C 解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。根据上文的类比，孩子们喜欢(enjoy)玩，其他小动物也是如此。delay延期，耽搁；regret后悔；ignore忽视；均不符合句意。
5. A．possible B．necessary
C．reasonable D．difficult
答案：A 解析：命题人考查的是形容词词义辨析。让一个小孩子和一只小猫用一张纸玩(amused)几个小时是相当有可能的( possible)；necessary必要的；reasonable合理的；difficult困难的；均不符合句意。
6. A．annoyed B．alarmed
C．amazed D．amused
答案：D 解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。结合上一题解析可知答案。annoyed使……恼怒；alarmed 使……惊恐；amazed使……吃惊；均不符合句意。
7. A．kept B．practiced
C．tested D．required
答案：B 解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。根据下文羊羔和山羊崽无休止地(endlessly)奔跑可知，追逐是在玩中练习( practiced)的最明显的技能。kept保持；tested测验；required要求；均不符合句意。
8. A．endlessly B．clumsily
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C．crazily D．aggressively
答案：A 解析：命题人考查的是副词词义辨析。结合上一题解析可知答案。clumsily笨拙地；crazily疯狂地；aggressively攻击地；均不符合句意。
9. A．hunt B．plant
C．learn D．catch
10. A．jump B．work
C．play D．walk
答案：C 解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。 根据上文的例子可知，“玩( play)也是学习的重要部分。” jump跳；work工作；walk步行；均不符合句意。
11. A．strangely B．initially
C．naturally D．equally
答案：C 解析：命题人考查的是副词词义辨析。 结合常识可知，羊羔和山羊天生(naturally)都是山地动物。 strangely奇怪地；initially最初地；equally平等地；均不符合句意。
12. A．direction B．space
C．distance D．balance
答案：D 解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。根据语境，绵羊和山羊通过跑、跳练习腿部，发展强烈的平衡(balance)意识，以保证它们在陡峭的山崖上的安全。direction方向；space空间；distance距离；均不符合句意。
13. A．Based on B．Compared with
C．Inspired by D．Developed from
答案：B 解析： 命题人考查的是短语辨析。根据上下文，上文提到绵羊和山羊的跑跳锻炼平衡，下文提到人类爬(climbing)树、捉苍蝇进行比较(compared with)。based on以……为基础；inspired by受……启发；developed from从……开发；均不符合句意。
14. A．Climbing B．Growing
C．Watering D．Cutting
答案：A 解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。 结合上一题解析可知答案。growing使……生长；watering 给……浇水；cutting砍伐；均不符合句意。
15. A．reduced B．allowed
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C．damaged D．needed
16. A．learning B．exercising
C．improving D．growing
答案：A 解析：命题人考查的是动词词义辨析。根据上文，通过对动物的了解可知，玩是学习(learning)的一个非常重要的方式。exercising锻炼；improving改善，提高；growing成长；均不符合句意。
17. A．adults B．creatures
C．humans D．students
答案：C 解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。根据上文，动物通过把玩看作是学习的一个非常好的方式，来类推人类(humans)也是如此。adult成年人；creature生物；student学生；均不符合句意。
18. A．generally B．hardly
C．possibly D．truly
答案：B 解析：命题人考查的是副词词义辨析。空前“but”表前后句是转折关系，前句是肯定句，故此处需用否定副词(hardly)。generally普遍地；possibly可能性；truly真实地；均不符合句意。
19. A．mature B．wise
C．athletic D．strong
答案：A 解析：命题人考查的是形容词词义辨析。根据上文，“学生发现玩有趣，但是很难注意到同时也是在学习”，但是大部分在变得成熟(mature)之后继续玩。wise聪明的；athletic运动的；strong强壮的；均不符合句意。
20. A．flexibility B．liberty
C．responsibility D．curiosity
答案：D 解析：命题人考查的是名词词义辨析。结合上一题解析，猜测人们即使成人后仍在玩或许是因为我们对学习好奇心(curiosity)的依赖。flexibility灵活性；liberty自由；responsibility责任，义务；均不符合句意。
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