2019中考英语短文改错、首字母填空、阅读优享新题（4）
一、阅读理解。
A
（2019中考选练）
Running in Cold Weather Improves Performance
Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air. However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance.
Many people say running in winter can be difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds. Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather. That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your body loses less water than in warmer conditions. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather. This information comes from sports scientists at St. Mary’s University in London.
John Brewer is a professor of applied sport science at St. Mary’s. For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an “environmental chamber”. The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions. Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements（测量） of the runners. “We’ve got a group of subjects into the environmental chamber, we’ve changed the conditions to recreate summer or winter and we’ve got them to run 10km under both of those conditions and taken various measurements on each runner while they’ve been completing their 10km.”
They found that the runners lost water by around 30.38% more in those hotter conditions. Besides, Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat is by sweating（出汗）. He says the body also loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. “That heat builds up in the body and can be really damaging unless you can lose that heat. And
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it’s much harder to lose heat when the environment is warm as well.” And they found their perception of heat was around a third lower when they were running in cold conditions. The body does not have to work as hard to pump blood to the skin’s surface.
Several websites note that the most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Keeping as dry as possible is the most important when exercising in low temperatures. So, if you are a runner, don’t let winter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running.
1.According to the passage, John Brewer probably agrees that .
A.people should run 10,000 meters in winter
B.running in winter is good for your heart
C.people who run in winter like to wear thick clothing
D.running in cold conditions is better than in warm conditions
2.The underlined word “subjects” in Paragraph 3 probably means .
A.students that are being discussed
B.classes that you study at school
C.people that are being tested
D.runners that the artists paint
3.What can we infer from the passage?
A.Running can help us lose heat.
B.Running in cold weather is beneficial to our body.
C.The heat can’t damage our body.
D.The body does not have to work to pump blood.
4.What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To introduce a research on running by Brewer.
B.To explain why running in winter is difficult for people.
C.To encourage people to run outside during winter months.
D.To advertise the new websites on running he created.
【参考答案】1—4、DCBC
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B
左栏是五个人将要扔掉的废品的描述，右栏是七个废品处理的措施。请根据每个人的情况，为他们选出合适的措施。
( )11. Tim graduated from university. He had some useful books which helped him pass the exams. But now they are not valuable to him. He wanted to give them away to others.
( )12. Jacky is fond of drinking a bottle of beer each meal. Now he has collected many of the beer bottles. He hoped to make some money by selling them out.
( )13. Mary was born in a rich family. She could buy any clothes she liked from the shops. But she never wore them more than three times. She thought it was a waste. So she wanted to give them away to those who needed them.
( )14. Lucy's sofa was broken last week. Today She bought a new set of sofa. She had no room for the old sofa and she would like to find a place to put it.
( )15. John's iPhone doesn't work this morning because it is short of electricity. After checking with it, he found something wrong with the
A. We are the students in the poor area in China. Now it is cold winter. We don't have enough clothes to keep us warm. If you have some clothes you don't need, please send them to us. We are appreciated your help.
B. Don't throw your old bottles here and there. In our park, you have to put them into the dustbins around you. Remember not to break the bottles, or they may hurt you or the cleaners who go to clean them.
C. This is the school library. You are allowed to do some reading here. If you have some books which you don't need, you can give them away to us. We'll be thankful to your donation.
D. In our waste collecting shop, you can sell all the things you don't need, such as old newspapers, paper bags, bottles and so on. We will offer you a very high price for your old things.
E. If you have old furniture you don't need, you can give them away to the charity. Maybe some one else needs it. Don't throw it into the dustbin.
F. The batteries can do great harm to the earth where you throw them. They will pollute the earth for a long time. So, don't throw your old batteries everywhere; just put them into a certain dustbin which has the best way to deal
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battery. He had to buy a new one and put the old one into a certain dustbin.
with them.
G. This dustbin is set here for the visitors to throw their waste, especially something that can be recycled. Batteries and something like them are not allowed to throw here.
参考答案11～15 C D A E F
C
（2019中考日常生活类训练）
Though many countries have laws against the illegal ivory trade (反对非法象牙贸易), tens of thousands of African elephants are killed every year.
In January, 2014, hundreds of elephant tusks (象牙) as well as ivory sculptures were put into two large crushing machines (粉碎机) in Guangdong, China. In all, more than six tons of ivory were destroyed. People called the event an ivory crush. In November, 2013, the similar event happened in Colorado, America. There, wildlife officials also destroyed more than six tons of ivory.
Though it may sound strange, wildlife officials are crushing ivory to help save African elephants. Stephanie Wang, who works for the Wildlife Protection Society in New York City, says, “We try to let the world know that we don’t think ivory is valuable when it’s not on an elephant.” Each year, poachers kill elephants, cut off their long tusks and take the tusks out of Africa secretly. Then they sell the tusks and get thousands of dollars. The buyers use the ivory to make sculptures, jewellery and traditional medicines.
The purpose of recent ivory crushes is to send a message to the poachers and those who buy illegal ivory. Stephanie Wang says, “China’s ivory crush is ‘an important step’. However, it is only a small amount (数量) of the illegal ivory. If we don’t stop the illegal ivory trade, African elephants could disappear from the wild within 10 years.”
1. The writer mentions ______ ivory crush(es) in the passage.
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A. one B. two C. six D. twelve
2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. There are too many elephants in China.
B. Chinese people can’t afford ivory sculptures.
C. American people never buy ivory sculptures.
D. Wildlife officials are against the ivory trade.
3. What does the underlined word “poachers” mean in Chinese?
A. 偷捕动物的人 B. 热爱动物的人
C. 虐待动物的人 D. 训练动物的人
4. According to Stephanie Wang, ______.
A. it’s not a good idea to crush ivory
B. all of the ivory trade is in China
C. we should do a lot to protect African elephants
D. African elephants will disappear within 10 years
参考答案1B 2D 3A 4C
二、短文首字母填空。
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，并将完整单词写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。
Some western countries insist that China is one of the world’s biggest greenhouse gas emitters （温室气体排放者）. But in fact our government has taken actions a1
to struggle with climate change.
Firstly, the public are educated to p2 more attention to the environment. As the government expects, the people have reached a very h3 level of knowing low-carbon economy（低碳经济）. I 4 you watch TV, listen to the radio or read newspapers, you’ll find low-carbon lifestyle has become a fashion. Secondly, developing renewable energy is another action. The government is b 5 many wind farms and solar power stations in the deserts. Of course, w 6 a long time, China will continue using the coal. At the same time, the government has been making l 7 to punish those people who dare to destroy the environment. Besides, some s 8 have
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suggested that greening the deserts is more important than developing new forms of energy. Their l 9 research shows that 80% of the CO2 in the atmosphere comes from landuse.
As we know, China hasn’t a 10 a balance between the green lifestyle and the economic growth, but we are on the way. We’ll take more actions to reduce the greenhouse gas emission.
1、_________ 2、_________3、_________ 4、_________ 5、_________
6、_________7、_________8、_________9、_________10_________
【参考答案】
1、actively 2、pay 3、high 4、If 5、building
6、within 7、 laws 8、scientists 9、latest 10、achieved
三、短文改错。
（2019中考选练）
One summer evening, I was playing and some childs by a river. We saw a lot of frogs(青蛙) in the water. One of us said, “Let’s to see who can Catch most frogs.” Then we began. After while we caught a lot. We are having a good time when a farmer shouted at us. “Don’t caught frogs!” Then he told us how importance they are to farming. They eat a lot of bad insects(害虫)every year, Caught frogs must be stopped. After hear that, we felt very sorry.
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