Review of Unit 1-2
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. take place
(1) take place意为“举行,进行”。例如：
The football game will take place tomorrow. 足球比赛明天举行。
(2) take place还有“发生；产生”之意。例如：
Great changes have taken place in China. 中国已经发生了巨大的变化。
【拓展】
辨析：take place与happen
(1) take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。例如：
When will the wedding take place? 婚礼什么时候举行？
(2) happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。例如：
What happened to you? 你发生了什么事？(一般不说：What did you happen?)
【注意】happen 与 take place 通常都没有被动语态。
2. population
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population意为“人口”时，是一个集体名词，被看作一个整体，在句中作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
China has a quarter of the world’s population.
中国人口占世界人口的四分之一。
【拓展】
(1) 当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时，常用以下两种结构，即“the population of + 某地 + is + 数词”或“某地 + has a population of + 数词”。例如：
The population of London is over ten million.
=London has a population of over ten million. 伦敦的人口超过一千万。
(2) population可与large，small搭配，但不能与many，few搭配。例如：
The city with its large population has become crowded.
这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。
(3) 询问人口数量常用what或how large。例如：
What’s the population of the city?
=How large is the population of the city?
这个城市有多少人口？
(4) population前有修饰词，如分数、百分数时，表示整体人口中的一部分，谓语动词有用复数形式。例如：
One half of the population of the city are farmers. 这个城市的一半人口是农民。
3. offer
(1) offer是动词，意为“主动提供”。例如：
They will offer drinks during the meeting. 会议期间他们将提供饮料。
The young man offered an old man his own seat.
= The young man offered his own seat to an old man.
那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了一位老人。
(2) offer的常见搭配：
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物 例如：
He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给我一杯酒。
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4. satisfy
(1) 作动词，意为“使满意,使高兴;使满足”。例如：
That answer won’t satisfy her. 那个回答不能令她满意。
Our company will do everything to satisfy our customers.
我们公司将尽一切努力令顾客满意。
（2）作动词，意为“符合,达到(要求,标准等)”。例如：
You can’t apply for the job until you have satisfied certain conditions.
符合某些条件前,你不能申请这个工作。
【拓展】
（1）satisfied 作形容词，意为“满意的”。常放在系动词后面作表语。例如：
Her pride was so fully satisfied.
她的虚荣心得到了如此充分的满足。
She seemed pretty satisfied with the result.
她对那结果似乎相当满意。
I felt quite satisfied after my big meal。
这顿大餐，我吃得很满意。
（2）常用短语搭配：be satisfied with sth. 意为“对……很满意（主语为人）”。
例如：
The teacher is satisfied with her homework.
老师对她的作业很满意。
I told myself I would be satisfied with whatever I could get.
我告诉自己，不管得到什么我都会心满意足的。
One shouldn’t be satisfied with only a little success.
一个人不应该只因一点小成就而感到满足.
5. success
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success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。
例如：
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
His new book was a great success.
他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。
【拓展】
（1）succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物动词；表示做某事成功了，succeed 后通常接（in）doing sth。
例如：
His plan succeeded.他的计划成功了。
At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。
She succeeded in (passing) the exam. 她考试及格了。
（2）successful作形容词，意为“成功的”。例如：
The performance was successful. 演出很成功。
It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。
6. encourage
encourage用作及物动词，意为“鼓励；鼓舞；促进；助长”等，常用于以下结构：encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。例如：
The teacher often encourages us to study hard.老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。
My mother encouraged me to enter the contest.
妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。
【拓展】
(1) encourage sb. in sth. 意为“在……方面鼓励/助长某人”。例如：
Don’t encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。
(2) encouragement是encourage的名词形式，意为“鼓舞/鼓励”。例如：
The teacher’s words were a great encouragement to him.
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老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。
7. pollute
pollute为及物动词，意为“污染，弄脏”；pollution为pollute的名词形式，意为“污染”，是不可数名词。例如：
We should not pollute our rivers with waste.
我们不应让废弃物污染我们的河川。
Pollution is a big problem. 污染是个大问题。
【拓展】
含pollution的习惯用语：air pollution 空气污染 noise pollution 噪音污染
8. create
create作动词，意为“创造，创作，创建”。例如：
God creates human beings. 上帝创造了人类。
An artist should create beautiful things. 一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。
It is people who create history. 是人民创造了历史。
【拓展】
creative作形容词，意为“有创造性的，有创意的”。例如:
Yoga releases the creative potential in life.
瑜伽释放出生命中创造的潜力。
Pay close attention to your own creative ideas.
时刻关注自己创造性的想法。
9. discover
discover是动词，意为“发现”，其后可接名词、代词、疑问词+不定式及that从句等。例如：
We never discovered how to open the box.
我们从未弄清楚如何打开这个盒子。
【拓展】
(1) discover意为“发现”，指有意或无意地发现已经存在尚不为人知的事物。例如：
China has discovered oil under the South China Sea.
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中国在南海发现了石油。
(2) find意为“找到、发现”，指偶然发现或经过一番寻找，找到值得或所需的东西，强调找的结果。例如：
I found the book I was looking for. 我找到了一直在找的书。
(3) find out意为“查明白、弄清楚”，多用于经过调查、分析、研究等手段查出的情况，查出的东西往往是抽象的，如时间、事实、真相等。例如：
Please find out when the meeting starts. 请查一下会议什么时候开始。
(4) invent意为“发明”指经过研究、设计而创造出原本未有的东西。例如：
Cai Lun invented the paper. 蔡伦发明了纸。
10. rise
（1）rise 是不及物动词,意为“上升，上涨”。例如：
The sun has not yet risen. 太阳还没升起。
The population of the city has risen to five million.
城市人口已增加到五百万。
（2）rise还表示“起立；起床”。例如：
He rose and left the room. 他站起身走出屋去。
I have to rise early tomorrow morning. 我明天必须早起。
【拓展】
（1）raise是及物动词，意为“举起,抬起”。例如：
He raised his glass and said，“Your health, Carl.”
他举起了杯子说道：“祝你健康,卡尔” 。
If you want to ask a question, first raise your hand.
如果你要问问题，请先举手。
（2）raise还表示“招募，筹集”。例如：
They are going to raise funds for the school buildings.
他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。
The foolish prince raised an army against his father.
那个愚蠢的王子招募军队反对他的父亲。
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（3）raise还表示“提高（音量、某种水平）”。例如：
The ticket price was raised to 30 yuan. 票价上升到了30元。
The speaker raised his voice so that we could hear him.
演讲者提高了声音，以便我们都能听到。
词汇精练
I. 英汉词组互译。
1. take place _____________ 2. 跟……保持联系_____________
3. 取得进步 ____________ 4. succeed in doing sth. ____________
5. 采取措施做某事 ___________ 6. so far___________
7. 幸亏，由于 ___________ 8. as a matter of fact _________
9. 故意，有意地__________ 10. according to___________
II. 根据句意及汉语提示补全句子。
1. Luck 52 the people who want to show themselves ______(给……提供) a good stage.
2. (多亏) the modern communications, we can keep in touch with our friends and relatives far away easily.
3. China has great (取得进步) in sending man-made satellites into space.
4. Our new headmaster looks very young. I think he is (少于) thirty years old.
5. Mike is weak in English. In order to (赶上) others, Mike works harder than before.
III.根据句意，选择单词或短语填空。
agreement, as a result, and so on, at present, in the past
1. __________ ten years, my hometown has changed greatly.
2.—What sports do you like?
—I like playing basketball, playing table tennis, playing football, running __________.
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3. Li Hong studies English harder than before. __________, she has a good mark.
4. I’m afraid I can’t help you __________, because I’m too busy.
5. The grandchild nods his head to show his __________ to his grandpa.
IV. 短文填空。
阅读短文，用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思通顺、完整。（有多余词）
express, close, speak, open, be, practice, has, take, clear, try, understand, bring
Many Chinese students don’t pay much attention to 1 English at school. They think it necessary 2 speaking English in class, but not out of class. Here is a story to show you how important it is to speak the English language freely in everyday life.
A foreigner once got hungry and went into a restaurant in London. He sat down at a table. When the waiter came, he 3 his mouth, put his fingers into it and took them out again in order 4 that he wanted something to eat for he could not speak English. The waiter soon 5 a cup of tea. The man shook his head. The waiter then 6 away the tea and brought a cup of coffee. The man again shook his head. He 7 again and again, but he wasn’t able to make the waiter 8 him. However, when another man came in, he spoke English 9 and fluently. In a few minutes, there 10 a large plate of meat and vegetables on the table before him.
【参考答案】
I. 英汉词组互译。
1. 发生，进行 2. keep in touch with
3. make progress 4. 成功做了某事
5. take measures to do sth. 6. 到目前为止
7. thanks to 8.事实上
9. on purpose 10. 按照，据说
II. 根据句意及汉语提示补全句子。
1. provides, with 2. Thanks to 3.made, progress 4. less than 5. catch up with
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III.根据句意，选择单词或短语填空。
1. In the past 2.and so on 3.As a result 4.at present 5.agreemen
IV. 短文填空。
1. speaking 2.to practice 3.opened 4.to express 5.brought
6. took 7.tried 8.understand 9.clearly 10.was
V. 听力链接。
答案：
1. Silva 2. 742980 3. Road 4. new 5. Monday
原文：
M: Hello, Cambridge Language College.
W: Oh ... yes. Hello. I'd like to take one of your evening classes.
M: Oh, yes. Which class are you interested in?
W: English ... it's Course 139.
M: I see ... Course 139 is for new students. Is that the course you want?
W: Yes, it is.
M: OK. Now, I need to take some personal details first. Your name, please?
W: Silva.
M: Silva's your family name, isn't it?
W: Yes.
M: Can you spell that for me?
W: Yes. S-I-L-V-A.
M: Thank you. And your first name?
W: Maria.
M: ... Maria. Thank you. Oh, where are you from?
W: I'm from France. I'm a student at university in Paris. I'm here for the summer.
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M: I see. So you speak French and ... any other languages?
W: No, just French ... and a little English!
M: And you're a student ... And your date of birth?
W: My date ... Oh! The eleventh of October 1983.
M: Eleventh of October ...1983. Where are you staying in Cambridge?
W: Sorry?
M: What's your address here?
W: Oh. It's 24 Cherry Road.
M: OK. Now then Maria, do you have a telephone number?
W: Yes. It's 742980.
M: 742980. That's fine. The next English course for new students starts on Monday at seven pm.
句式精讲
1. I have been to Mount Huang with my parents.
(1) been是be动词的过去分词形式。
(2) have been to 是现在完成时形式，一般与already, ever, never连用。例如：
He has never been to Paris. 他从未去过巴黎。
【拓展】
have been to; have been in 与have gone to的辨析：
(1)“have/ has been to + 地点”表示“去过某地”，现在已经回来了。例如：
I’ve been to Beijing twice. 我已去过北京两次。
(2)“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地待了一段时间”。例如：
He’s been in this school for two years. 他在这所学校待了两年了。
(3)“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“到某地去了”，现在还没有回来，可能在去的途中，也可能在那里或返回的途中。例如：
— Where’s Wei Hua? 魏华在哪里？
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— She has gone to the zoo. 她到动物园去了。
2. China has developed rapidly since the reform and opening-up.
since为介词，意为“自从”，通常连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago，谓语动词一般用现在完成时。例如：
She has been ill since last weekend. 她自从上周末就病了。
She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。
【拓展】
since还可以作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时。例如：
I have studied English since I came here.
自从我来这里就学习英语。
I have known her since I was five years old.
自从我五岁就认识她。
3. Chinese people have had more time to spend on various kinds of leisure activities.
spend是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”，其过去式为spent。用法如下：
sb. + spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事
sb. + spend+时间/金钱 + on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上
例如：
I spend half an hour watching TV every day.
我每天花半个小时看电视。
He spends 20 yuan on books every month.
他每月花20元买书。
4. They used to be, but the city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.
used to do sth是一个固定结构，意思是“过去经常做某事”，后面用动词原形，表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。例如：
肯定句：I used to play with my friends after school.
过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。
否定句：You didn’t use to like pop songs.=You usedn’t to like pop songs.
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你过去常不喜欢流行歌曲。
一般疑问句：Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister to be quiet?
你的妹妹过去是很安静吗？
there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river.
过去这条小河有许多鱼。
【拓展】
(1) be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”，是动词短语use …to do的被动语态结构。
例如：
Knives are used to cut things.
小刀是用来切东西的。
(2) be used to doing something意思是“习惯于做某事”，to后接动词-ing形式。例如：
My father is used to living in the village.
我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。
5. It not only disturbs others but also does great harm to people’s hearing.
（1）not only...but also...的意思是“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语的时候，谓语动词和also后面的主语保持一致。例如：
Not only my mother but also I like to go to the garden.
不仅妈妈而且我也喜欢去公园。
（2）以not only…but also...开头的句子往往引起倒装。例如：
Not only did he complain about the food, but he refused to pay for it.
他不仅抱怨饭不好吃，而且拒绝付饭钱。
6. Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.
stop somebody/something from doing something表示“阻止某人做某事或者阻止某事发生”。
例如：
We must stop him from going swimming in the
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river.
我们必须阻止他去游泳。
【拓展】stop的其他常用搭配：
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做（另外）某事 例如：
Let’s stop to have a break. 咱们停下来休息一会儿。
The two girls stopped talking when they saw me.
那两个女孩一见到我就停止了讲话。
Now let’s stop reading. 现在咱们停止读书。
Our teacher stopped to look at the boy. 老师停下来看了看那个男孩。
7. But now you’d better go to see a doctor.
had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组，had better意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点：
(1) had better后面必须跟动词原形，构成had better do sth.句型。例如：
You’d better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院看病。
Tom, you’d better get up earlier today. 汤姆，你最好今天早起一点。
(2) 主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用had better的形式。例如：
Now we had better listen to the teacher carefully.
我们现在最好认真听老师讲。
8. Then we sort them so that they can be recycled.
（1）so that的意思是“为了、以致”，它引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句。例如：
They opened a technical training course so that the managers and clerks could attend it during their spare time．他们开了一个技术训练班，为了经理和职员们在业余的时间可以去上课。
Please switch the light on so that we can see what it is．
请开灯，让我们看一下它是什么东西。
I took an early bus so that I got there in time．
我乘了早班公共汽车，及时到了那里。
（2）so…that…的意思是“如此……以至于……”，它引导结果状语从句。在口语中，so…that…的that常被省去。例如：
She felt so sad that tears came to her eyes．
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她非常悲伤，眼泪汪汪。
He spoke so rapidly（that）we could hardly follow him．
他说得很快，我们很难听清楚他在说什么。
句式精练
I. 按括号中的要求改写句子。
1. The Smiths have lived in the country for five years.（对划线部分提问）
_____ _____ _____ the Smiths lived in the country?
2. Being a greener person is so easy.（同义句转换）
It is not _____ _____ _____ a greener person.
3. “What will you do for Project Hope?” he asked me. (改为复合句)
He asked me _____ _____ _____ do for Project Hope.
4. This shop opened three days ago.（同义句转换）
This shop _____ _____ _____ for three days.
5. Did your father go to Japan?（改为现在完成时）
_____ your father _____ to Japan?
II. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.尽管大雨倾泻不止，但战士们却没有放弃训练。
________ the heavy rain kept ________ down, the soldiers didn’t give up their training.
2.当今世界面临的最大问题之一是世界人口增长越来越快。
One of the greatest problems of the world today is that the world’s ________ is growing
________ and ________.
3.我们很长时间没见面了。
We haven’t ________ each other ________ a long time.
4.化学制品对环境有害。
Chemicals are ________ ________ the environment.
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5.除非明天下雨,否则我将去钓鱼。
________ it ________ tomorrow, ________ I’ll go fishing.
6.昨天我父亲叫我把旅行箱放在汽车里。
My father _____ me _____ put the suitcase in the car yesterday.
7.澳大利亚英语和英式英语一样吗
Is Australian English _____ _____ _____ British English?
8.迈克尔将去机场为王军峰送行。
Michael is going to the airport _____ _____ Wang Junfeng _____.
9昨天下午4:00林涛看到他的同学在操场上打篮球。
Lin Tao _____ his classmates ____ basketball on the playground at 4:00 p.m. yesterday.
10.陈真学英语没有困难。
Chen Zhen has no _____ in _____ English.
III. 在横线上填入适当的短语或句子，补全对话。
(A—Bruce B—Kate)
A: Hi, Kate! How was your summer vacation?
B: 1. ____________________________
A: Where did you go?
B: I went to Yinchuan with my parents.
A: 2. ____________________________
B: It’s one of the most beautiful cities in the northwest of China. I like it very much.
A: How long did you stay there?
B: 3. ____________________________ for five days. We’ve been to many wonderful places.
A: 4. ____________________________
B: I think Sand Lake is the best. When I was there, I lost myself in the beautiful scenery.
A: 5. ____________________________
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B: Lots of things. Such as swimming, boating, fishing and riding camels. But I think sand sliding (滑沙) is the most exciting one.
A: Oh, really? I can’t wait to go there.
IV. 综合填空。
（2015 湖北孝感中考）
阅读短文，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。方框中有两个为多余。
hard, while, learn, come out, father, be, quickly, afraid
Once upon a time, there lived a family of mice in the kitchen. One Saturday morning Father Mouse and his son felt hungry and (1) _______ for food. (2) _______ they were looking for food, they saw a big cat. Baby Mouse was very (3) _______ and climbed onto his (4)_______ back. Father Mouse shouted at the cat. “Woof, woof!” The cat ran away (5) _______. “Wow, dad, you’re great!” said Baby Mouse. “Well, son, that’s why it’s important to (6) _______ a second language.” answered Father Mouse.
【参考答案】
I. 按括号中的要求改写句子。
1. How long have 2. hard/difficult to be 3.what I would
4. has been open 5. Has; gone
II.根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Although; pouring 2. population; faster; faster 3. seen; for
4. harmful to /bad for 5. Unless; rains; or 6.asked, to
7. the same as 8. to see off 9. saw, playing 10. difficulty, learning
III. 在横线上填入适当的短语或句子，补全对话。
1. It was great.
2. How do you like Yinchuan?
3. We stayed there
4. Which is your favorite place? / Which place do you like best?
5. What interesting things did you do there?
17
IV. 综合填空。
1. came out 2. While 3. afraid 4. father’s 5. quickly 6. learn
17
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