中考英语专题讲练形容词副词级别变化规则（含解析）.doc

形容词副词级别变化规则 形容词副词的级别变化 知识精讲 大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，及原级、比较级和最高级。用来表示事物的等级差别，原级即形容词或副词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种，详见下表：‎ ‎1. 规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般的在词尾直接加-er/ -est long tall longer taller longest tallest 以不发音的字母e结尾直接加-r/-st late large later larger latest largest 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，变y为i ,再加-er/-est easy happy heavy easier happier heavier easiest happiest heaviest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/ -est big hot thin bigger hotter thinner biggest hottest thinnest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more和 most beautiful carefull more beautiful more carefully most beautiful most 10‎ y ‎ carefully ‎ 注意：形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，副词最高级前一般将the省略。试比较：‎ Mike is the tallest boy in our class.麦克是我们班最高的男生。‎ Mike runs fastest in our class.麦克在我们班跑地最快。‎ ‎2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/ well better best bad/ ill/ badly worse worst many/ much more most little less least far farther(较远)‎ further(进一步)‎ farthest(最远)‎ furthest(最大限度)‎ old older(较老的，较旧的)‎ elder(较年长的)‎ oldest(最老的，最旧的)‎ eldest(最年长的)‎ 三点剖析 一、重难点：对于上述形容词中有两种不同形式的特殊比较级和最高级的，要对其用法熟记。‎ 二、易错点：掌握形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则，熟记少数特殊的不规则变化。‎ 构成比较级和最高级有两种方式：一是在词尾加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级；另一种形式是在词前加more构成比较级，加(the) most 构成最高级。‎ 三、补充点：‎ ‎1. farther, further这两个词都是far的比较级形式，但在用法上有所区别：‎ 10‎ ‎1). farther和further都可指具体的距离，即空间时间上的“较远”。如：‎ ‎ Let's not go any farther/further.我们别再走了吧。‎ ‎ The service desk is at the farther/further end of the hall.咨询处在大厅稍往里的地方。‎ ‎2). further还可用于抽象的引申义，如时间，程度和数量等，表示“进一步，更进一层”，此时，不能用farther。如：‎ ‎ I may be able to give you some further information about it.关于这个问题，我还可以给你一些信息。‎ ‎ The problem will be further discussed at the class meeting.这个问题在班会上还将进一步讨论。‎ ‎ 2. older和elder这两个词均是old的比较级，但在用法上有所区别：‎ ‎1). elder表示“前辈的”、“年纪较长的”，仅用于同一家庭成员的比较；older则不限于此。例如：‎ My younger son is five and my elder son is nine。我的小儿子5岁，大儿子9岁。 ‎ Tom is two years older than I.汤姆比我年长两岁。 ‎ ‎2). elder在句中只用作定语，不作表语；older两者皆可。例如：‎ My elder sister does her homework all by herself. 我的姐姐独自做作业。‎ His elder son got married last week. 他的长子是上星期结婚的。‎ I think his mother is older. 我认为他的母亲年龄大引起。 ‎ ‎3). elder只能用来指人；older不仅限于修饰人。例如：‎ My elder brother joined the army when he was only fifteen.我哥哥年仅15负就参了军。‎ This dog is older than any other dogs here.这条狗在这里是最老的一条。‎ I have a sister older than myself.我有位比我大的姐姐。‎ It is said Mr. Chen is over ten years older than Mrs. Li.据说陈先生比李女士大10多岁。‎ 10‎ 题模精选 题模一：规则变化 例‎1.1.1‎ Who is _________, Li Ming or Li Tao.‎ A． tall B． the tallest C． taller D． very tall 例‎1.1.2‎ 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 careful __________ ___________‎ 例‎1.1.3‎ I think Yi, the famous Chinese basketball player, will be _________ new star in NBA．‎ A． the hottest B． the most hot C． hotter D． hot 题模二：不规则变化 例‎1.2.1‎ 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 little __________ __________‎ 例‎1.2.2‎ Which scarf is ______, the green one or the blue one?‎ A． good B． better C． best D． the best 随堂练习 随练1.1 Debbie is growing fast. She is even____________ than her mother.‎ A． tall B． taller C． tallest D． the tallest 随练1.2 ‎ ‎— Dad, would you please drive a little ______?‎ ‎— No worries. We have enough time to get there.‎ A． fast B． faster C． fastest D． the fastest 10‎ 随练1.3 Tony is not as clever as Lucy, but he works______ than her.‎ A． hard B． harder C． hardest D． the hardest 随练1.4 I live ______ to school than Betty, just a five-minute walk.‎ A． close B． too close C． closer D． closest 随练1.5 Ann is 12 years old and Alice is 15 years old. Ann is __________ than Alice.‎ A． young B． younger C． youngest D． the youngest 随练1.6 Who comes to school __________, Jerry or Martin?‎ A． early B． earlier C． earliest D． the earliest 随练1.7 The air in Beijing is getting much ______ now than a few years ago.‎ A． clean B． cleaner C． cleanest D． the cleanest 随练1.8 Lisa sent for a doctor because she felt much __________.‎ A． ill B． worse C． worst D． the worst 自我总结 课后作业 作业1 写出下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级。‎ ‎1. wide __________ __________ 2. small __________ __________‎ ‎3. hot ____________ __________ 4. busy __________ __________‎ 10‎ ‎5. many __________ __________ 6. careless __________ __________‎ ‎7. well __________ __________ 8. ill _____________ __________‎ ‎9. far___________ ____________ 10. old_____________ ___________‎ 作业2 My friend, Li Ping, is _____ than his father.‎ A． strong B． stronger C． strongest D． the strongest 作业3 I think man-made wonders are ____________ than natural ones.‎ A． exciting B． more exciting C． most exciting D． the most exciting 作业4 My sister is good at sports. She can jump ______ than me.‎ A． high B． higher C． highest D． the highest 作业5 The roads in my hometown are ______ than before.‎ A． wide B． wider C． widest D． the widest 作业6 ‎ ‎—Which subject do you like , Chinese or English?‎ ‎—English, of course.‎ A． well B． better C． best D． the best 作业7 WeChat is growing fast and it is ______ than Skype in China.‎ A． popular B． more popular C． most popular D． the most popular 作业8 I can’t carry your bag. It is much ____ than mine.‎ A． heavy B． heavier C． heaviest D． the heaviest 10‎ 作业9 ‎ ‎—— Daming, are you feeling better now?‎ ‎—— No, mum. I feel even ________.‎ A． bad B． worse C． worst D． the worst 作业10 Sara got ill yesterday. She felt a little _______ this morning.‎ A． ill B． worse C． worst D． the worst 作业11 ‎ ‎—The cake looks ______.‎ ‎—Yes, and it tastes even ______.‎ A. well; good B. good; better C. good; worse D. better; best 答案解析 形容词副词的级别变化 题模精选 题模一：规则变化 例‎1.1.1‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 比较对象的范围是两者Li Ming or Li Tao，因此用比较级，tall的比较级为规则变化，直接在词尾加-er，故选C。‎ 例‎1.1.2‎ 10‎ ‎【答案】 more careful; most careful ‎【解析】 考查了形容词的规则变化。‎ 例‎1.1.3‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】 考查形容词的最高级。Yi将成为NBA最火的一位篮球运动员，hot符合规则变化，因此其最高级是the hottest，故选A。‎ 题模二：不规则变化 例‎1.2.1‎ ‎【答案】 less; least ‎【解析】 考查学生形容词副词的不规则变化。‎ 例‎1.2.2‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查形容词比较级。the green one or the blue one有两者。故选B.‎ 随堂练习 随练1.1‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 比较级，二者比较。‎ 随练1.2‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查形容词比较级。a little +比较级；fast的比较级是faster。‎ 随练1.3‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查了形容词的比较级。than 是比较级的标志词。故选B。‎ 随练1.4‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】 考查了形容词。than 是比较级的标志词。故选C。‎ 10‎ 随练1.5‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查了形容词的比较级。than 是比较级的标志词。故选B。‎ 随练1.6‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查了形容词的比较级。由两者之间作比较，故选B。‎ 随练1.7‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 形容词比较级，由than可知。‎ 随练1.8‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 形容词比较级，由much可知。‎ 作业1‎ ‎【答案】 1. wider; widest 2. smaller; smallest 3. hotter; hottest 4. busier; busiest ‎5. more; most 6. more careless; most careless 7. better; best ‎8. worse; worst 9. farther, further; farthest, furthest 10. older, elder; oldest, eldest ‎【解析】 考查形容词副词的变化规则。‎ 作业2‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考察了形容词的比较级。两者作比较，应为比较级。故选B。‎ 作业3‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查形容词的比较级，由后面的than可知用比较级形式more exciting。‎ 10‎ 作业4‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查形容词的比较级。由than可知选B。‎ 作业5‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查形容词的比较级。由than可知选比较级形式，B。‎ 作业6‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查形容词。or表“或者”，两者之间用比较级。‎ 作业7‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 考查形容词比较级。than是比较级的标志词。‎ 作业8‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 形容词比较级。‎ 作业9‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 形容词比较级。‎ 作业10‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】 形容词，根据前句ill可知她不舒服。‎ 作业11‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】 形容词，根据句意可知。‎ 10‎