Unit 8 Countries around the world
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. have a goodbye party
have在此为及物动词，意为“举行，举办”，相当于hold。have a goodbye party意为“举行告别晚会”。例如：
have a birthday party举办生日聚会 have a meeting开会
have a basketball match举行篮球比赛
【拓展】
have与不同的名词结合表达不同的意思：
have a talk谈话 have a good time玩得开心，过得愉快
have English lessons上英语课 have a glass of water喝一杯水
have a try试一试 have a look (at)看一看
have a rest休息 have a headache头痛
have breakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 have a meal吃饭
2. invite
invite是及物动词，意为“邀请”，常用于下列结构：
1) invite sb. 邀请某人 例如：
Do you invite the friends in Beijing? 你邀请北京的朋友了吗？
2) invite sb. to some place邀请某人去某地 例如：
Why don’t you invite them to our school? 为什么不邀请他们来我们学校？
3) invite sb. to dinner邀请某人吃饭 例如：
Li Lin often invites me to dinner. 李林经常邀请我吃饭。
4) invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 例如：
We invited our parents to come to our party. 我们邀请我们的父母来参加聚会。
3. else
else意为“另外的，其他的”，无比较级，常用在who; whose; what等疑问代词及when; where等疑问副词之后；也放在some; any；no与body; thing; where等构成的词之后。例如：
Would you like anything else to drink? 你还想喝点别的什么吗？
What else do you want to say? 你还想说点别的什么吗？
4. the same… as…
the same… as…意为“和……一样/相同”，as前后跟同类名词、代词或副词，其反义词组为be different from…意为“与……不一样”。 例如：
I am in the same school as my younger sister. 我和我的妹妹在同一所学校。
I have the same book as yours. 我有和你一样的书。
Saying a thing is very different from doing it. 说一件事和做一件事很不相同。
5. little
little用作形容词，意为“小的”，与small同义，通常用来作定语，放在名词前面。例如：
She has a little brother and she likes him very much. 她有一个小弟弟，她很喜欢他。
There is a little dog in my house. 我家里有一只小狗。
【拓展】
little还可以修饰不可数名词，表示数量，意为“很少，几乎没有”，表示否定意义。例如：
There is little water in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有水了。
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6. as
as作介词时意为“作为”，其后多接表示职业、职务、用途、作用之类的名词。例如：
He works as a worker. 他作为一名工人而工作。
I used one of my shoes as a hammer. 我拿我的一只鞋当锤子使。
【拓展】
as还可以作连词，其后多接从句或介词短语。例如：
All the six students do as the teacher says. 所有这六个学生都按照老师说的做。
7. other
other是形容词，意为“其他的，别的”，通常放在名词的前面，用作定语修饰名词。例如：
Do you know other people in that country? 你认识那个国家的其他人吗？
Don’t speak to other people in class. 课上不要和其他人说话。
8. (be) close to
be close to意为“靠近，接近”，相当于next to。例如：
Jim’s house is close to his school. Jim的家离学校很近。
I live close to the supermarket. 我住得离超市很近。
【拓展】
close可作动词，意为“关上，闭上”。其形容词形式为closed，意为“关着的”。例如：
Please close the door, and keep the door closed. 请关上门并让门关着。
词汇精练
I. 汉译英。
1. around the world _________________________ 2. 一张世界地图_________________________
3. 来自_________________________ 4. 了解_________________________
5. a lot of _________________________ 6. 和……一样_________________________
7. 在角落_________________________ 8. 说英语的国家_________________________
9. ……的清单_________________________ 10. 靠近_________________________
II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. On the map, _____________(北方) is on the top.
2. China is a very great c_____________.
3. Mr. Li can speak many l_____________.
4. Where _____________(其他) do you go, Li Ping?
5. Beijing is the c_____________ city of China.
6. Jenny is a _____________(可爱的) girl.
7. Wu Dong can speak _____________(法语).
8. Thank you for i_____________ me to your party.
III. 用适当的介词填空。
1. I will meet some friends _____________ the U.S.
2. The Statue _____________ Liberty is famous in the world.
3. China is west _____________ the U.S.
4. I will show a map _____________ you.
5. What is it _____________ English?
IV. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Look, the _____________(leaf) on that tree are red.
2. How many _____________(country) do you know?
3. They have many _____________(kangaroo) in Australia.
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4. What color is _____________(Canada) flag, do you know?
5. Lily _____________(come) from England.
【参考答案】
I. 汉译英。
1. 世界各地 2. a map of the world 3. come / be from 4. know about 5. 许多，大量
6. the same…as… 7. in the corner 8. English-speaking countries 9. a list of 10. (be) close to
II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。
1. north 2. country 3. languages 4. else 5. capital 6. lovely 7. French 8. inviting
III. 用适当的介词填空。
1. from/in 2. of 3. of 4. to 5. in
IV. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. leaves 2. countries 3. kangaroos 4. Canadian 5. comes
句式精讲
1. I’m so happy to see you.
“sb. + be + 形容词 + to do sth.”表示“某人做某事……”。例如：
She is very happy to hear from her mother. 收到她妈妈的来信，她非常高兴。
I am glad to eat so nice food. 吃这么好的食物，我很高兴。
2. Thank you for inviting me.
Thanks/Thank you for doing something.的意思是“为做某事而感谢”，for是介词，它的后面接名词或者动名词形式作宾语。例如：
Thanks for your help. = Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你的帮助。
Thank you for telling me that! 谢谢你告诉我那件事！
3. Where are you from?
be from = come from意为“来自于……”。例如：
He’s from Beijing. = He comes from Beijing. 他来自北京。
【拓展】
Where + be + 主语+ from？= Where does/ do + 主语 + come from?意为“……是哪里人？”或“……来自哪里？”
注意：
请避免出现以下错误句式：
Where are you come from?或Where do you from?
这两种句子结构均不正确。
4. … one of the national animals of Australia.
one of…意为“……中的一个”或“……之一”，后接复数名词，当名词前有形容词修饰时，形容词应用其最高级形式。one of…作主语时应看成单数。例如：
Mike is one of the tallest students in our class. 迈克是我们班最高的学生之一。
One of the girls is my sister. 这群女孩当中有一个是我的妹妹。
Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
5. Some of these countries are south of China.
south of China意为“在中国南方”。通常指中国境外的南方的地区，而不用于中国境内南方的城市或地区。例如：
Those countries are south of China. 那些国家在中国的南方。
Singapore is south of China. 新加坡在中国的南方。
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【拓展】
(1) the south of China“在中国的南方，在中国的南部”，通常用于中国国内的城市或地区，这时the south of China前要用介词in。例如：
Shenzhen is a city in the south of China. 深圳是在中国南部的一个城市。
Sanya is in the south of China. 三亚在中国的南部。
(2) South China是一个专有名词，意为“华南”；North China意为“华北”。例如：
It is hot in South China in summer. 夏季华南地区非常炎热。
句式精练
I. 根据答语，完成问句。
1. — ___________ are they from?
— They are from Australia.
2. — ___________ are the famous Niagara Falls?
— They are in Canada.
3. — ___________ is China’s flag?
— It’s red. It has five yellow stars on it.
4. — ___________ are English-speaking countries?
— The U. K., the U. S., Australia, Canada and New Zealand.
5. — ___________ do you want to _____________ on New Year’s Day?
— I want to go to a Chinese restaurant.
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. New Zealand is southeast of Australia. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ New Zealand?
2. That is a place famous for its hot spring. I know. (合并为一般疑问句)
_____________ you _____________ that is a place famous for its hot spring?
3. The United Kingdom is blue. (对划线部分提问)
_____________ color _____________ the United Kingdom?
4. Joy speaks English. (用French变为选择疑问句)
_____________ Joy _____________ English _____________ French?
5. We know they come from the U. K. (改为一般疑问句)
_____________ _____________ _____________ they come from the U. K.?
III. 连词成句。
1. speak, as, first, people, English, their, language
__________________________________________________________.
2. of, countries, south, China, some, these, are, of
__________________________________________________________.
3. is, list, eight, these, here, a, of, of, countries
__________________________________________________________.
4. direction, they, China, what, are, from
__________________________________________________________?
5. else, you, about, what, do, know, Australia
__________________________________________________________?
IV. 根据对话内容，从下面七个选项中选出五个完成对话，使对话内容完整，连贯。
Li Ming: Hello，Mum．
Mum: Hello，Mingming． 1
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Li Ming: Fine，thanks．What about you?
Mum: I’m OK．Oh，it’s a little cold today． 2
Li Ming: It’s very hot there．
Mum: What about your English? 3
Li Ming: Yes．I have many good friends in Australia．They help me with my English．
Mum: 4
Li Ming: Some are from Australia．Some are from the U. K.
Mum: 5
Li Ming: No，they don’t．But I can help them with their Chinese，and they help me with my English．
Mum: Good．Let’s go home．Your father is waiting for you at home．
Li Ming: OK．Let’s go．
A．Where ale your friends from?
B．Nice to meet you．
C．Do you work hard at it?
D．How is the weather in Australia?
E．What do you know about Australia?
F．How are you?
G．Do they speak Chinese?
【参考答案】
I. 根据答语，完成问句。
1. Where 2. Where 3. What colour 4. What countries 5. What; do
II. 句型转换，每空一词。
1. Where is 2. Do; know 3. What; is 4. Does; speak; or 5. Do you know
III. 连词成句。
1. People speak English as their first language.
2. Some of these countries are south of China.
3. Here is a list of eight of these countries.
4. What direction are they from China?
5. What else do you know about Australia?
IV. 根据对话内容，从下面七个选项中选出五个完成对话，使对话内容完整，连贯。
1-5 FDCAG
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