七年级英语上册全册训练试题(共37套冀教版)
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‎ Unit 5 Family and Home 词句精讲精练 ‎ 词汇精讲 1. the Smith family the Smith family也可表达为the Smiths“史密斯一家”。在英语中,“the+姓氏+family”表示“……一家人”或“……夫妇两人”,相当于“the+姓氏的复数形式”;作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 例如:‎ The Green family are very friendly.=The Greens are very friendly.‎ 格林一家很友善。‎ ‎2. have no brothers or sisters no此处作形容词,意为“没有”,修饰名词brothers和sisters,相当于not any。no修饰可数名词单数时,相当于not a/an;no修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时,相当于not any。常在句型转换等题型中考查“no+名词”与“not+a/an/any”的同义句改写。例如:‎ I have no brother.=I don’t have a brother. 我没有兄弟。 There is no water in the cup.=There isn’t any water in the cup. 杯子里没有水。‎ ‎3. talk to sb. about sth.‎ talk to sb. about sth.意为“同某人谈论某事”。例如: The teacher is talking about to Lucy about her study. 老师正在同Lucy谈论她的学习情况。 Don’t talk to me about English. 不要和我谈论英语。 【拓展】‎ ‎(1)talk with sb.“同谋人交谈”。例如: My teacher is talking with/to my mother. 我的老师正在和我妈妈谈话。 (2)talk about sth.“谈论某事”。例如:‎ They are talking about their school. 他们正在讨论他们的学校。‎ ‎(3)have a talk with sb.“同某人进行一次谈话”。例如:‎ I will have a talk with my parents. 我将和我的父母进行一次谈话。o 或 ‎4. hard/hardly hardly和hard形式上很接近,但意义截然不同。‎ ‎(1)hard作形容词时,意为“困难的;硬的;勤奋的;严厉的;苛刻的”。 hard作副词时常用来表示程度,意为“努力地;猛烈地;剧烈地”。例如:‎ I work hard at school. 我在学校努力学习。‎ This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地太硬,挖不动。‎ They tried hard to succeed. 他们努力工作,以求得成功。 【拓展】work hard at…“努力于……”,例如: He is working hard at English. 他正在努力学习英语。‎ ‎(2)hardly是表频率的副词,意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,相当于almost not,并非hard的副词形式。例如:‎ There is hardly any coffee left.= There’s almost no coffee left. 几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。‎ ‎5. beside,near与by near,by,beside均表示“在……附近”,但它们之间有所区别:‎ ‎(1)near表示相对的“近”,实际距离可能还很远。例如: Tianjin is near Beijing. 天津离北京很近。‎ ‎(2)by和beside都表示“靠近”‎ 6‎ ‎,实际距离不可能很远,侧重于位置关系,既可表动态,也可表静态。beside比by更具体地表示出“在……旁边”的意思。例如: He was sitting beside her. 他坐在她旁边。 There is a town beside the sea. 在海边有一个城镇。‎ ‎(3)by表示“在……旁边”,侧重于眼前,多用于口语中,有时可与beside互换。例如:‎ He was sitting by the window. 他坐在窗户旁边。‎ ‎6. in front of/in the front of in front of与in the front of均为介词短语,意思相同,表示“在……的前面”,但表示的位置关系不同。 (1)in front of中的两者不存在“包含”关系,是独立的两者,也就是在物体外部的前面。 (2)in the front of中的两者在位置上有“包含”关系,其中一者在另一者的空间之内。‎ 例如: ‎ He is standing in front of the house. 他站在房子前面(在整幢房子的外面)。‎ He is standing in the front of the classroom. 他站在教室靠前的位置 (在教室里)。‎ ‎7. carry, take, bring与fetch 这四个词都和“拿、取”有关,但要注意四者之间的区别: (1)carry意为“提、扛、搬、携带”,意思较多,但没有方向性。 例如:‎ Will you please carry the box for me? 你替我扛那个箱子好吗? ‎ Li Dong is carrying water. 李东在提水。‎ ‎(2)take意为“带走”,指把某物或某人从说话的地方带到另一个地方去,也可以说是“由近及远”,常和介词to构成搭配。例如:‎ You can take this book home. 你可以把这本书带回家。‎ Can you help me take the books to the classroom? 你能帮我把这些书带到教室去吗? ‎ ‎(3)bring意为“带来,拿来”,指把某物或某人从另一个地方带到说话的地方来,也可以说是“由远及近”。 例如:‎ Bring me your dictionary tomorrow. 明天把你的词典给我拿来。 ‎ ‎(4)fetch意为“去取来,去拿来”,相当于“to go and get and bring back”,首先去一个地方,再把东西拿来的意思,强调“去某个地方拿来”。例如:‎ Please fetch some chairs from the next room. 请到隔壁房间拿几把椅子来。‎ ‎8. use…to do…‎ use…to do…意为“用……去做……”。相当于do…with…。例如: I use a pen to write. 我用钢笔写字。‎ Jenny is using a knife to cut meat. Jenny正用刀切肉。‎ We use legs to walk.=We walk with our legs. 我们用腿走路。‎ ‎9. set the table ‎(1)set the table意为“摆放餐具”。‎ ‎(2)set及物动词,意为“摆放,安置”。例如: Please set the chair in the corner. 请把椅子放在墙角。‎ Jenny, set the table for dinner. Jenny,摆餐具准备开饭。‎ ‎【拓展】set sail 启航;set an example 树立榜样 词汇精练 I.‎‎ 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。‎ ‎1. He is a _____________ (成员) of the Labor Party. 2. Mr. Green is a _____________(男警察).‎ 6‎ ‎3. My _____________(儿子) is a student. His name is Mike.‎ ‎4. Mrs. Green is a doctor. Her _____________(女儿) is Alice. 5. What’s wrong with your _____________(收音机) ? 6. Can you c_____________ the box for me? ‎ ‎7. He works h_____________ at school and gets good marks.‎ ‎8. My English teacher is sitting b_____________ her daughter. ‎ ‎9. How many birthday p_____________ do you get? 10. Jim is a bus driver and he d_____________ well. ‎ ‎11. Let’s go shopping t_____________. ‎ ‎12. Please be q_____________. The baby’s sleeping. 13. Thirteen and seventeen is t_____________. ‎ ‎14. She is sleeping in the b_____________. ‎ ‎15. Li Ming has a happy f_____________. They live in Canada. 16. He has n_____________ brothers or sisters. II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. The Smith family _____________(be) my friends. 2. He writes two _____________(poem) for his school. ‎ ‎3. The company(公司) now _____________(use) a computer to do all its account(账目).‎ ‎4. They’re _____________(talk) on the police radio. 5. There are _____________(lot) of apples on the tree. ‎ ‎6. We need two _____________(basket) of oranges for the party!‎ III. 从方框中选择恰当短语并用其适当形式填空。‎ use…to…, set the table, in the front of, be close to talk to sb. about sth., have fun, listen to, a basket of ‎1. The teacher is standing ____________ the classroom. ‎ ‎2. Jenny is _____________ for supper. 3. I want to ______________ him _____________ his study. ‎ ‎4. My grandma likes _____________ the radio in the morning.‎ ‎5. He often _____________ the camera _____________ take photos. ‎ ‎6. We _____________ playing basketball today. ‎ ‎7. There is _____________ grapes on the ground. ‎ ‎8. My sister _____________ my grandma.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ I.‎‎ 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。‎ ‎1. member 2. policeman 3. son 4. daughter 5. radio 6. carry 7. hard 8. beside ‎9. presents 10. drives 11. together 12. quiet 13. thirty 14. bedroom 15. family 16. no II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. are 2. poems 3. uses 4. talking 5. lots 6. baskets 6‎ III. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. in the front of 2. setting the table 3. talk to; about 4. listening to 5. uses; to 6. have fun 7. a basket of 8. is close to 句式精讲 1. What does he do? ‎ 这是询问职业的常用句型,其结构为“What + do/does+sb.+do?”。例如: What does your father do? 你爸爸做什么工作? What do you do? 你做什么工作?‎ ‎【拓展】对职业提问还可用“What’s one’s job?”或“What+be+sb.?”句型。例如: What’s your job?=What are you? 你的工作是什么?‎ 2. What is he doing? 本句为现在进行时的特殊疑问句,对动作提问,其结构为“What+be动词(am, is, are)+主语+V-ing+其他?”。询问目前正在发生什么或正在进行什么动作。例如: —What’s Tom doing? Tom在做什么?‎ ‎—He is playing soccer. 他在踢足球。‎ 3. How old…? How old…?意为“……几岁/多大?”,是对年龄提问的特殊疑问句,其句型结构为“How old+be+主语?”表示“……几岁/多大了?”答句常用句型为“主语+be+基数词(+years/months old)”表示,也可直接说出年龄。例如: —How old is your father? 你爸爸多大岁数?‎ ‎—He is thirty-seven (years old). 他37岁了。‎ ‎—How old are you? 你多大了?‎ ‎—Thirteen. 13。‎ 注意:在英美国家中,一般不能向成年人询问年龄,尤其是女性,因为一个人的年龄属于个人隐私,打探别人的隐私是不礼貌的。 【拓展】其他询问年龄的句型: —What’s your age? 你多大了?‎ ‎—Thirty. 30。 4. Look out, dad! look out意为“小心,注意”,用于祈使句,是提醒对方“小心”的常用语。例如: Look out! There is a car coming. 当心!汽车过来了。‎ ‎【拓展】Watch out! 当心,小心!Be careful! 小心,注意!‎ ‎5. Happy Birthday Mum! Happy birthday (to you)!是一句生日祝福用语,意为“(祝你)生日快乐!”后接人时必须用介词to,回答时常用“Thank you.”或“Thanks.”。例如: ‎ ‎—Happy birthday to you! 祝你生日快乐!‎ ‎—Thank you. 谢谢!‎ ‎6. Where + be+ n./pron.?‎ Where + be+ n./pron.?是用来询问人/物或某个场所的位置时的常用句型。回答时常用“主语+be+表地点的副词或介词短语”。例如: —Where are the students? 学生们在哪里?‎ ‎—They’re in the classroom. 他们在教室里。‎ ‎—Where is my schoolbag? 我的书包在哪里? —It is under the chair. 它在椅子下面。‎ 6‎ 句式精练 I.‎‎ 连词成句。‎ ‎1. my, years, twelve, brother, is, old ‎___________________________________________________.‎ ‎2. Smith, they, family, the, are ‎ __________________________________________________.‎ ‎3. you, birthday, a, having, party, are ‎ __________________________________________________?‎ ‎4. do, does, what, sister, your ‎__________________________________________________?‎ ‎5. playing, she, on, is, computer, the ‎ ___________________________________________________.‎ II. 句型转换,按要求完成下列句子。‎ ‎1. I am doing my homework.(对划线部分提问)‎ ‎_______ _______ you _______?‎ ‎2. I have brothers and sisters.(改为否定句)‎ I have_______ brothers _______ sisters.‎ ‎3. She is a teacher.(对划线部分提问)‎ ‎_______ _______ she _______?‎ ‎4. The picture is above the bed.(对划线部分提问)‎ ‎_______ _______ the picture?‎ ‎5.They are watching TV. (对划线部分提问)‎ ‎_______ are _______ _______?‎ III. 根据汉语提示,完成句子。‎ ‎1. 生日快乐!‎ ‎_______ _______ ! ‎ ‎2. 我的猫在哪里?‎ ‎_______ _______ my cat? ‎ ‎3. 你多大了?‎ ‎_______ _______are you? ‎ ‎4. 你旁边的那个人是谁?‎ ‎_______ _______ that man beside you? 5. 她正在用纸和蜡笔制作卡片。‎ ‎ She is _______paper and crayons _______ _______ the card.‎ ‎6. 我正在为奶奶写诗。‎ ‎ I am _______ _______ _______ _______ Grandma.‎ ‎7. 我没有兄弟姐妹。‎ I have _______ brothers_______ sisters. ‎ ‎8. 他有一个弟弟和一个妹妹。‎ He_______ a brother_______ a sister. ‎ IV. 仔细阅读对话,选择方框内的句子填空,使对话意思连贯正确。‎ A. What a good day, isn’t it?‎ B. We have one at 11:‎30 a.m.‎ C. Is your school close to your home?‎ D. What’s your favourite sport?‎ E. When do you usually begin your homework?‎ F. Which subject do you like best?‎ G. When does the school day usually end?‎ 6‎ A: _____1_____ ‎ B: Yes, it is, so I go to school on foot.‎ A: Do you have a lunch break?‎ B: Yes. _____2_____‎ A: _____3_____‎ B: At 3:30 p.m. Most students go home when the bell rings, but some of us take part in after-school activities. I enjoy playing basketball. ‎ A: _____4_____ B: At about 5:30. ‎ A: _____5_____‎ B: History.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ I.‎‎ 连词成句。‎ ‎1. My brother is twelve years old.‎ ‎2. They are the Smith family.‎ ‎3. Are you having a birthday party?‎ ‎4. What does your sister do?‎ ‎5. She is playing on the computer.‎ II. 句型转换,按要求完成下列句子。‎ ‎1. What are; doing 2. no; or 3. What does; do 4. Where is 5. What; they doing III. 根据汉语提示,完成句子。‎ ‎1. Happy Birthday! 2. Where is 3. How old 4. Who is 5. using; to make 6. writing a poem for 7. no; or 8. has; and IV. 仔细阅读对话,选择方框内的句子填空,使对话意思连贯正确。‎ ‎1.C 2. B 3. G 4. E 5. F 6‎

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