Unit 4 Food and Restaurant
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. a glass/cup of…
a glass/cup of…意为“一玻璃杯/杯……”，two glasses/cups of…意为“两玻璃杯/杯……”。
其结构为：不定冠词+量词+of+物质名词。
例如：
a glass of milk 一玻璃杯水 two glasses of water 两玻璃杯水
a cup of tea 一杯茶 two cups of tea 两杯茶
【拓展】
（1）glass 用作不可数名词，意为“玻璃”；用作可数名词时，意为“玻璃杯”。复数形式为glasses。
（2）glasses可意为“眼镜”。例如：
a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 two pairs of glasses 两副眼镜
2. have to
have to意为“不得不，必须”，表示客观情况要求某人必须做某事，有人称和时态的变化，后接动词原形。例如：
She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home.
她这些天身体不太好，不得不待在家里。
You don’t have to tell me this. 你不必告诉我这件事。
Do you have to do everything? 什么事都得你做吗？
She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必来。
【拓展】must与have to的辨析：
have to侧重于客观需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意，有多种时态形式；否定式为don’t have to，意为“不必”。
must侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；只有现在时一种形式（在宾语从句中可以表示过去）；否定式mustn’t 意为“一定不要；不允许”。例如：
You must do your homework first. 你必须先做作业。
It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨，我不得不待在家里。
口诀：“主观职责”说“必须”，must赶紧用上去；若是“环境”“不得不”，赶紧换用have to。
3. be full of
be full of意为“充满”，相当于be filled with。例如：
The glass if full of water.=The glass is filled with water. 杯子里装满了水。
The classroom is full of different boys and girls. 教室里挤满了不同的男孩女孩。o 或
4. job/work
work和job是同义词，都有“工作、职业”的意思。不过，它们之间还是有些区别的。
（1）job是可数名词，指特定工作。work是不可数名词，泛指工作。我们可以说a job，不能说a work。例如：
Peter has a good job in a bank. 彼得在一家银行有份很好的工作。
Tom changed jobs many times. 汤姆换了很多工作。
Looking after three cats is not easy work. 照顾三只猫咪可不是件容易事。
（2）上班用英文讲是go to work。这是一个固定搭配，我们不能说go to a job。例如：
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My father goes to work at 8 am. 我爸爸八点上班。
（3）job只能用作名词，work还可以用作动词，不仅有“上班、工作”的意思，还可以作“努力”或“从事”来讲。例如：
Both my parents work. 我父母都工作。
If you work hard, you will speak English well. 只要你努力，你的英语就会讲得很好
5. order
（1）order作为动词，意为“订购；点（菜）”。例如：
He orders three shirts. 他订购了3件衬衫。
Are you ready to order? 你们准备点餐了吗？
（2）order作为名词，意为“顺序，点餐”。例如：
in the right order 按照正确的顺序
May I take your order, please? 请问，可以点餐了吗？（服务员所说的话）
6. the corner shop
（1）the corner shop意为“便利店”。例如：
Do you want to go with me to the corner store? 你想和我一起去那家便利店吗？
（2）corner可数名词，意为“角落，拐角处”。例如：
in the corner 在角落里，在拐角内 on the corner 物体表面的角上
at the corner 在拐角处 in a corner 在角落里；处于困境
English corner 英语角
7. take down
take down动词短语，意为“拿下、取下”。例如：
Please take the book down for me. 请帮我取下那本书。
He took down a dictionary from the top shelf. 他从书架顶格拿下了一本词典。
8. be short for
be short of固定短语，意为“……是……的缩写”。例如：
Maths is short for mathematics. Maths是mathematics的缩写。
Phone is short for telephone. Phone是telephone的缩写。
词汇精练
I. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。
1. I like grapes. They’re _____________ (美味的).
2. Lucy’s mother works in a morning _____________(市场).
3. I want to buy some _____________(牛肉) for dinner.
4. Would you like a bowl(碗) of_____________(饺子)?
5. He usually have a _____________(三明治) for breakfast.
6. Tom is a waiter and work in a r_____________.
7. Song Jia finds a good j_____________ in a big company in Beijing.
8. My English teacher is a_____________ for a week.
9. Put the meat in the f_____________ and keep them fresh.
10. Eleven and nine is t_____________.
11. Tang Yan sits in the c_____________ of the classroom.
12. He calls the waiter to bring the m_____________.
13. I hope e_____________ goes well.
14. UN is s_____________ for the United
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Nations.
15. The q_____________ is too difficult; she couldn’t answer it.
16. —Are you ready to o_____________?
—Yes, please. How much are the noodles?
II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。
1. Here is some _____________(chocolate) for you.
2. Please _____________(pass) the book for me.
3. I’d like two _____________(glass) of juice.
4. There’re three _____________(bottle)of milk.
5. I have twelve _____________(watermelon).
6. But I don’t like _____________ (sandwich) or ice cream —they’re too cold!
III. 从方框中选择恰当短语并用其适当形式填空。
have to, write down, take down, be away,
get enough rest, be full of, be short for, a can of
1. ____________ one bottle _____________ , please.
2. My parents _____________ for a week.
3. You look tired. You don’t ______________ .
4. There is _____________ coke on the table.
5. USA _____________ the United States of America.
6. My mother is ill. I _____________ look after(照顾) her at home.
7. The bottle _____________ juice.
8. Please _____________ your name on the paper.
【参考答案】
I. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. delicious 2. market 3. beef 4. dumplings 5. sandwich
6. restaurant 7. job 8. away 9. fridge/refrigerator 10. twenty
11. corner 12. menu 13. everything 14. short 15. question 16. order
II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。
1. chocolate 2. pass 3. glasses 4. bottles 5. watermelons 6. sandwiches
III. 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Take; down 2. are away 3. get enough rest 4. a can of 5. is short for
6. have to 7. is full of 8. write down
句式精讲
1. Time for breakfast!
这是个省略句。完整句型为 It’s time for…意为“到了做某事的时间了”。for后跟名词，代词或动名词。例如：
Time for doing homework！到了做作业的时间了！
It’s time for school. 到上学的时间了。
【拓展】Time/ It’s time to do sth.意为“到做某事的时间了”。例如：
Time/It’s time to go to bed. 到上床睡觉的时间了。
2. What would you like（for…）?
句型What would you like（for…）?意为“你想要（想吃）什么？”回答时用I’d like…(for)…或者直接回答想要（想吃）的东西。
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---What would you like for lunch? 午饭你想吃什么？
---I’d like some noodles./ Some noodles. 我想吃一些面条/一些面条。
【拓展】would like意为“想，想要”，相当于want，没有人称和数的变化，would可以和它前面的代词进行缩写。would like有以下用法：
（1）would like sth.意为“想要某物”，相当于want sth.。例如：
I’d like some apples. 我想要些苹果。
（2）would like to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，相当于want to do sth.。例如：
I’d like to drink some water. 我想喝些水。
1. How much is/are/for…?
how much意为“多少钱”。询问物品的价格可用句型“How much+is/are/for+名词？”表示。回答时可用“It’s /They’re +数词+货币单位”，也可直接回答“数词+货币单位”。
例如：
How much is a bowl of noodles? =How much for a bowl of noodles? 一碗面多少钱？
—How much for a piece of cake? 一块蛋糕多少钱？
—（It’s）3 yuan. （它）3元。
—How much for those clothes? 这些衣服多少钱？
—（They’re）30 dollars. （它们）30美元。
【拓展】how much还可以询问不可数名词的数量，意为“多少”。询问可数名词的数量要用how many。例如：
—How much orange juice do you have? 你有多少橘汁？
—Three glasses. 3玻璃杯。
How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？
2. Would you like…?
Would you like…?意为“你（们）想要……吗？”是委婉征求对方意见的句型，其肯定回答要说“Yes, please.”，否定回答要说“No, thanks.”。例如：
—Would you like some water?
—Yes, please./No, thanks. 是的，请来一些。/不，谢谢。
【拓展】辨析：would like与like
（1）would like意为“想，想要，愿意”，用于礼貌地提出要求或表示愿意提供帮助，后接名词、代词或动词不定式，不接动名词。would可与其前的人称代词缩写，如I’d=I would， she’d=she would。例如：
Would you like some bananas? 你想要些香蕉吗?
I’d like some coffee. 我想要些咖啡。
（2）like意为“喜欢”，后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词。例如：
I like to read in bed. 我喜欢躺在床上看书。
Do you like bananas? 你喜欢香蕉吗？
5. Can I help you?
Can I help you? / May I help you? / What can I do for you? / Is there anything I can do for you?是商店售货员在招呼顾客的时候经常用的交际用语，意为“你想买/吃点什么？”。用来很礼貌的招呼顾客。不能用“What do you want to buy?或What do you want? ”，这样的句型是中国式的表达。
此时，顾客如果想买东西就会说：
Yes, please. I would like＋要买的商品.
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是的，我想买……
如果顾客不想买商品，就会说：
No, thanks. I just have a look.或No, thanks. I am just looking around.
不，谢谢。我只是随便看看。
注意：Can I help you?在不同的服务场所有不同的意思。在商店里面，售货员说的时候就是：“你想买什么？”；在图书馆里，管理员说的时候就是：“你想借什么书？”；在饭店里，服务员说的时候就是：“你想吃什么？”；在车站里，售票员说的时候就是：“你买什么样的票？”。
句式精练
I. 连词成句。
1. would, like, you, lunch, what, for
___________________________________________________?
2. I, you, can, help
__________________________________________________?
3. rice, how, for, of, a, much, bowl
__________________________________________________?
4. like, would, tea, of, you, cup, a
__________________________________________________?
5. time, breakfast, it’s, for,
___________________________________________________.
6. to, ready, are, you, order
__________________________________________________?
II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1. I must go to school today.（改为同义句）
I _______ _______ _______ to school today.
2. I would like to buy some donuts.（对划线部分提问）
_______ would _______ _______ to buy?
3. Li Gang and Su Ming meet at the supermarket.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______ Li Gang and Su Ming _______?
4. We have everything on our list.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ _______ _______ everything on _______list?
5. It’s time for school. (改为同义句)
It’s time _______ _______ _______ school.
III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1. 早餐吃什么？
_______ _______ breakfast?
2. 你想和我一起去吗？
Do you _______ _______ _______ _______me?
3. 做得好！
_______ _______!
4. 让我看看。
_______ _______ _______ .
5. 面条多少钱？
_______ _______ _______ the noodles?
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6. 没问题。
_______ _______.
7. 你想喝点什么？
_______ _______ _______ something to drink?
8. 不要看太多电视。
_______ _______ _______ _______TV.
IV. 仔细阅读对话，选择方框内的句子填空，使对话意思连贯正确。
A. OK. I’ll take four, please.
B. Do you like a bowl of dumplings and some hamburgers?
C. How much for one donut?
D. What about you?
E. Yes, please.
F. I’d like two hot dogs and a glass of milk for lunch.
G. What’s for breakfast?
(In a restaurant)
Waiter: Hello!
Lucy and Lily: Hello!
Waiter: Are you ready to order?
Lily: _____1_____ I would like some donut, some French fries and a bottle of pop, please.
Waiter: How many donuts would you like?
Lily: _____2_____
Waiter: Two yuan.
Lily: _____3_____What’s your favourite food, Lucy?
Lucy: _____4_____
Waiter: Sorry, we don’t have any.
Lily: Do you like bread and porridge?
Lucy: No.
Waiter: _____5_____
Lucy: OK, a bowl of dumplings and two hamburgers. Thank you.
Waiter: You’re welcome.
【参考答案】
I. 连词成句。
1. What would you like for lunch?
2. Can I help you?
3. How much for a bowl of rice?
4. Would you like a cup of tea?
5. It’s time for breakfast.
6. Are you ready to order?
II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。
1. have to go 2. What; you like 3. Where do; meet 4. Do you have; your 5. to go to
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III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。
1. What’s for 2. want to go with 3. Good job 4. Let me see 5. How much are
6. No problem 7. Would you like 8. Don’t watch too much
IV. 仔细阅读对话，选择方框内的句子填空，使对话意思连贯正确。
1.E 2. C 3. A 4. F 5. B
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