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词汇（29）
李仕才
复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）
【单句单词语法填空】
1． ________(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
答案：Having worked 该题逻辑主语是Steve，与动词work是主谓关系，已知谓语动词为managed to finish，“成功完成”，比较动作work和已知谓语可知，先工作两天，才成功完成，因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的having worked。
2．(2015·陕西，17改编)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on ________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career.
答案：to thank go on后接to do或doing作宾语均可以，但是go on doing表示“继续干同一件事”，而go on to do则表示“继续干另一件事”。由语境可知，Anne Benedict在接受奖项后又继续干另一件事，即：感谢帮助过她的人，故要用动词不定式作宾语。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖项之后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生涯中帮助过她的人。
3．(2015·陕西，18改编)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother ________(take) good care of at home.
答案：taken 分析结构可知，此处是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间为动宾关系，要用taken作宾补。句意：在非洲医疗服务两年后回来，李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好，他很高兴。
4．(2015·浙江，18改编)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it ________(perform) live is quite another.
答案：being performed 由live“现场直播”可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”，故填being performed。
5．(2015·湖南，30改编)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_______(wonder) whether to stay or leave.
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答案：wondering 句意：当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴随状语。
核心单词
1.tradition n. [U，C]惯例，传统
2.traffic n. 交通，来往车辆
3.translation n. 翻译；译文
4.transparent adj. 透明的，清澈的
5.transplant vt. 移植
6.transport vt.& n. 运输
7.treasure n. 金银财宝；珍宝，贵重物品
vt. 重视，珍惜
8.treat vt. 对待，看待
9.tremble vi. 颤抖；抖动
10.trust vt. 相信，信任，信赖
11.typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的
12.unbelievable adj. 难以置信的
13.uncertain adj. 不确定的
14.uncomfortable adj. 令人不舒服的
15.unconscious adj. 不省人事的，未发觉的，无意识的
16.undertake vt. 承担，从事，负责
17.unemployment n. 失业，失业状态
18.unfair adj. 不公平的，不公正的
19.unfortunate adj. 不幸的
20.universal adj. 普遍的
21.university n. 大学
22.urge v. 极力主张，强烈要求；催促，激励
n. 强烈的欲望，迫切的要求
23.vacant adj. 未被占用的，空着的；(职位等)空缺的；(神情等)茫然的
24.vacation n. 假期，休假
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25.various adj. 各种各样的，不同的
重点短语
1. 采取措施做某事
2.take over 接替；接管
take up 占用(时间、空间)；从事
take out 拿出，取出
take place 发生
take the place of 代替
take one’s place 就座；代替某人的职位
take it easy 别紧张；别着急
take one’s time 别急，慢慢来
take off 脱掉；起飞；成功
take part in 参加
take pride in 因……而自豪
take away (from) 拿走；使停留，使离开
take in 欺骗；吸取；收留
take on 雇用；接受(工作)；呈现(品质、面貌)
【阅读理解】
With autumn on the horizon, the season’s first Oscar competitors are here. Already, the Hollywood Reporter has predicted that the often-snubbed(冷落的) Leonardo DiCaprio could win. Although before we get swept up in predictions, it’s nice to remember that little gold men are not the reason we love the movies. They shouldn’t be the primary reason for acting in them either.
Bill Murray knows this first hand. Murray was positioned to win his first-ever Oscar Academy Award for 2004’s “Lost in Translation”, but he lost it to Sean Penn. Years later, Murray explained how he took the defeat in stride(从容应对), and his words should act as a blueprint for anyone who has failed:
“I went through it once before and it’s nice to get nominated and win some prizes. You get to go to dinners and tell little stories and so forth. Then you get to get
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dressed up. And then you get to be on TV, which is sweet. And you can either win or lose. Well you’re not supposed to say ‘lose’ when you talk about the Oscar. You are supposed to say ‘not chosen’. But I later realized that I had gotten a little caught up in the possibility of winning. So, shame on myself for getting caught in it. But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation. So I thought it didn’t seem unnatural to expect that I would be rewarded just one more time. So when it didn’t happen, I thought, ‘Well, that’s kind of funny.’ But to get prizes is not why you work.”
Murray isn’t alone in those feelings. No mention of actors without Oscars would be complete without recognition of Leonardo DiCaprio, who said, “I don’t think I ever expected anything like an Oscar ever, to tell you the truth. That is not my motivation when I do these roles. I really am motivated by being able to work with great people and create a body of work that I can look back and be proud of.”
Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point. Here are some other amazing actors who never won an Oscar, even if you think they did: Julianne Moore, Brad Pitt, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, Harrison Ford, Will Smith. And they have proved that countless times before.
1.We can learn about Bill Murray from the passage that_________.
A. he felt ashamed that he didn’t win the Oscar.
B. he never expected himself to win the Oscar.
C. he had already won many other awards before he failed in Oscar.
D. he is the first actor who had been predicted to win the Oscar but failed.
2.Leonard DiCaprio is motivated to act different roles because _________
A. he wants to win the Oscar.
B. he can cooperate with great people.
C. he wants others to take pride in him.
D. he is not the only actor who hasn’t won the Oscar.
3.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to “_________”.
A. Neither Murray nor DiCaprio will won an Oscar.
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B. Winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.
C. Some amazing actors have never won an Oscar.
D. You think that some actors should have won an Oscar.
4.What is the writer’s attitude to Leonardo’s idea on winning an Oscar?
A. Approving.
B. Critical
C. Indifferent.
D. Neutral.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了落选奥斯卡奖的比尔默里和莱昂纳多对奥斯卡奖的看法。
1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation.”可知，在落选奥斯卡之前，比尔默里已经赢得了很多其他奖项。
3.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.”可知，此处的that指代的就是winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point。
4.A 【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldn’t be the point.”可知，作者对莱昂纳多关于赢得奥斯卡的态度是支持的。
写作句式
非谓语动词作补语
1.(2016·北京高考书面表达)Later on, we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school.
后来，我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。
2.(2016·四川高考书面表达)With birds singing in the tree and everything so green, I feel very delighted and relaxed.
鸟儿在树上歌唱，满眼绿色，我感到既快乐又放松。
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3.The meeting room was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.
人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。
我读我练
Ⅰ.词汇应用
1.We want to know about their origins, typical(典型的) food Americans eat during the festivals and how Americans celebrate them.
2.At the ancient Olympics, by tradition (传统) the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes.
3.People universally(universal) acknowledge that reading plays an important part in learning English.
4.Mary often does some translation(translate) work to earn extra money, which accounts for half of her income.
5.John is ill and I want to know who is going to take__the__place__of (代替) him.
6.Every city in China is doing its best to__take__measures (采取措施) to fight against pollution.
Ⅱ.句式仿写
1.在非洲医疗机构待了两年回来之后，李医生十分高兴地看到家里的母亲得到了很好的照顾。
Back from his two－year medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to__see__his__mother__taken__good__care__of__at__home.
2.他让灯亮了整晚，这使他父母很生气。
He had__the__light__burning__all__night,__which made his parents very angry.
3.不论什么时候你受邀去做某事，无论你能去与否，都是需要做出回复的。
Whenever you are__invited__to__do__something,__response is expected, whether you can go or not.
【练习】
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
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删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2018·淄博市高三模拟考试)
My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did such well in written English.He told me that he has a habit of keep a diary every day.“You can try them，too.I'm sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right，but I decided to follow his advices.I started to write down something interested every day.Sometimes when I didn't know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didn’t know how to write a sentence correct，I would ask my teacher for the help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.
【答案】
My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did suc well in written English.He told me that he a habit of a diary every day.“You can try ，too.I'm sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right， I decided to follow his .I started to write down something every day.Sometimes when I didn't know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didn’t know how to write a sentence ，I would ask my teacher for help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.
第一处：考查副词。根据后面的副词“well”可判断出，此处应用副词so。
第二处：考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可判断出，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时。
第三处：考查非谓语动词。介词of后面应接v.ing形式。
第四处：考查代词。此处应用it指代“写日记”这一习惯。
第五处：考查连词。语境表示，作者认为Tom所言是正确的，于是作者决定按他的建议去做。根据语境可判断出，前后句是并列关系或者因果关系，所以此处应用连词and/so。
第六处：考查名词。advice是不可数名词，不能变成复数形式。
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第七处：考查形容词。此处应用interesting作后置定语修饰不定代词“something”，说明事物的特征，表示“有趣的事情”。
第八处：考查副词。此处应用副词correctly修饰动词“write”。
第九处：考查固定短语。ask for help是固定短语，意为“求助”。
第十处：考查介词。because后接原因状语从句，because of后常接名词或代词。根据后面的“that”可判断出，此处应加介词of。
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