2019年山东菏泽市中考英语：代词
考点一 人称代词、物主代词及反身代词
1．人称代词、物主代词及反身代词总表
2.人称代词主格用作主语或表语，宾格用作宾语。要根据题干中的提示词，如mother, father, Lily, Tom等及语境判定应该用哪一人称。
—Where is Dad？爸爸在哪儿？
—He is in the garden.他在花园里。
Miss Smith is very kind. We all like her．史密斯小姐非常和蔼，我们都喜欢她。
3．名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词＋名词
My sister likes painting. It’s one of her hobbies.我妹妹喜欢画画，这是她的爱好之一。
—Is this your bike？这是你的自行车吗？
—No, it’s her bike. Mine(＝My bike) is under the tree.不是，是她的自行车。我的(自行车)在树下。
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4．反身代词的固定搭配：
enjoy oneself玩得愉快 learn/teach...by oneself自学
dress oneself穿衣 help oneself to随便吃些……
by oneself独自 for oneself亲自
hurt oneself受伤 keep ... to oneself 保守秘密
prove oneself证明自己 lost oneself in 沉迷于
1．(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)Mom, I’m old enough to wash
own clothes and . You can have a rest after work.
A．my; your B．my; yours C．yours; mine
2．(2018·山东济南槐荫一模改编)—Jim, what do you usually do in the evening?
—I usually do homework.
A．me B．my C．mine
3．(2018·山东济南商河二模改编)—Is this your English book?
—No. is in my bag.
A．My B．Me C．Mine
4．(2018·山东菏泽巨野模拟)Jack used to be a teacher in this school, but he gave up
job when he went abroad.
A．him B．his C．he
5．(2018·北京大兴一模改编)My birthday is coming. My parents will give
some nice presents.
A．mine B．I C．me
6．(2018·江苏南京中考改编)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.
A．they B．their C．theirs
7．(2018·四川南充中考改编)—Is that model plane?
—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me.
A．your; my B．your; mine C．yours; mine
考点二 指示代词 this/these, that/those
1．this和these用于指距离较近的人或事物；that和those用于指距离较远的人或事物。
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This picture is clear and that picture is not clear.这张图画清楚，而那张图画不清楚。
2．打电话时用this做自我介绍，用that询问对方是谁。
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that？我是玛丽，你是谁？
3．that/those指代上文提到的名词。
The weather in Hangzhou is much warmer than that in Harbin in winter.杭州冬天的天气比哈尔滨暖和多了。(that指代the weather，避免重复)
1．(2018·贵州安顺中考改编)—Mr. Han, how is the weather in Anshun now, please?
—Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang.
A．it B．that C．this
2．(2017·黑龙江龙东中考)As for learning English, students read a lot can do much better than who don’t.
A．who; that B．which; those C．that; those
考点三 常见不定代词辨析
1．some与any
some与any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词
some一般用于肯定句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议，疑问句中应用some
any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中；any用于肯定句时意为“任何一个”
—Would you like some coffee？你想要些咖啡吗？
—Yes, please.好的，谢谢。
There aren’t any students in the classroom.教室里没有学生。
2．each与every
each可以单独使用，侧重个别，可以与of连用，指两者或两者以上中的每一个，不可以与not连用；every不可单独使用，侧重全体，不可以与of连用，指三者或三者以上中的每一个，与not连用时，表示部分否定。
Each has his/her good points.每个人都有自己的好点子。
I know every member of your family.我认识你家的每个人。
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Not everyone has the chance to go to school.并不是每个人都有机会去上学。
3．either与 neither
either指两个人或物中的一个，作主语时谓语动词用单数；neither指两个人或物中一个也不，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
There are many trees on either side of the street.在大街的两边有很多树。
Neither of the books is good.这两本书都不好。
4．both与all
both“两者都”，其否定词是neither; all“(三者或更多)全都”，否定词是none。
We are both students, but neither of us likes sports.我们俩都是学生，但是都不喜欢运动。
5．a little, little, a few, few
a little, a few表示肯定意义， little, few表示否定意义； a little/little后接不可数名词， a few/few后接可数名词复数。
6.other, the other, another, others, the others的用法
词语
词义
用法
other
泛指其他的
跟单数或复数名词
the other
两个人或物中
的另一个
常构成one... the other...
another
另一个
跟单数名词，或跟“数字＋复数名词”
others
泛指另外的人或物
是other的复数形式
the others
特指一定范围
中的其他所有
相当于the rest或“the other＋名词复数”
7.复合不定代词
somebody某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人
everybody每个人 someone某人 anyone任何人
no one没有人 everyone每人 something某事
anything任何事 nothing没有什么
everything每件事
1．(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)—Would you like to come to our party this
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evening?
—We’d love to. But we are sorry of us can come.
A．both B．all C．neither
2．(2018·内蒙古通辽中考改编)Money is important, but it can’t buy ， especially happiness and health.
A．anything B．something C．everything
3．(2018·上海中考改编)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and is noisy.
A．another B．the other C．other
4．(2018·浙江温州中考改编)—Do you like rock music or light music?
— . I like Beijing Opera.
A．Either B．None C．Neither
5．(2018·湖北黄石中考改编)When Flight 3U833 finally landed in Chengdu,
of women cried. Fortunately, of the 119 passengers in the plane
were hurt in the incident(事件)．
A．some; none
B．some; neither
C．any; none
考点四 疑问代词
单词
词义
用法
who
谁
作主语、表语和宾语
whom
谁
作宾语，是who的宾格
whose
谁的
作定语、主语、表语和宾语，是who的所有格形式
what
什么
作主语、表语、宾语和定语
which
哪个
作主语、表语、宾语和定语
1．(2018·江苏盐城中考改编)— do you plan to buy?
—I haven’t made up my mind. I’ll just look around.
A．What B．How C．Why
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2．(2018·福建中考)— does Liu Chuanjian do?
—He’s a pilot of Sichuan Airlines. He’s a hero!
A．What B．Where C．When
3．(2019·原创) would you like to go shopping with?
A．Where B．Whom C．What
4．(2019·原创)— coat is more beautiful than yours?
—Lily’s.
A．Which B．Whose C．Who
考点五 it的用法
1．特指上文提到的同一事物。
—Where’s your office？你的办公室在哪里？
—It’s on the third floor.在三楼。
2．指不知性别的婴儿或人。
—Who is the person over there？那边的人是谁？
—It may be the doctor.可能是医生。
3．指天气、时间、距离等。
It’s about eight o’clock.大约8点了。
4．在固定句型中作形式主语。
It is＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.
做某事(对某人来说)是……
It is＋adj.＋(of sb.) to do sth.(某人)这么做真是太……
It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了
It’s time (for sb.) to do sth.是(某人)做某事的时候了
It’s said/believed/reported that...
据说/人们认为/据报道……
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
某人花费多少时间做某事
It is/has been＋时间段＋since＋从句(一般过去时)
自从……以来，已经有……时间了
sb.＋find/think it＋adj.＋to do sth.
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某人发现/认为做某事是……的
1．(2018·广东中考改编)Boxing Day, the 26th of December, got name from a time gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas.
A．it’s B．its C．one’s
2．(2018·四川凉山中考改编)—I can’t find my English book. Have you seen ？
—Oh, sorry. I have taken by mistake.
A．it; yours B．them; your C．it; mine
3．(2017·安徽中考改编)—Is this iPad yours?
—Yes. My parents bought for my language learning.
A．one B．it C．other
4．(2017·甘肃兰州中考改编)Do you think acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house?
A．it B．that C．this
5．(2017·贵州贵阳中考)The Chinese government has made possible for people to live happy lives.
A．that B．this C．it
6．(2017·湖北黄石中考改编)Chinese people find our duty to help develop African countries along the Belt and Road(一带一路)．
A．it B．this C．that
7．(2017·湖北宜昌中考改编)—It is said that TV program The Reader was quite popular.
—Yes, I watched at eight last Saturday.
A．it B．them C．that
8．(2017·江苏连云港中考改编)—I am planning a trip to Lianyungang this summer. How is the weather there?
—Not so hot. Sometimes is a bit cool and wet.
A．this B．that C．it
考点六 one的用法
1．one指代可数名词，既可指人，也可指物。
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One should do one’s/his best all the time.
一个人无论何时都应尽最大努力。
He is not one who is easy to work with.
他不是一个容易合作的人。
2．代替上文已出现过的单数可数名词，表示泛指意义，其复数形式是ones。
I don’t like this sweater. Will you please show me another one？我不喜欢这件毛衣。你能再给我拿一件吗？
it特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物，one泛指上下文提到的同类事物中的一个，同类而不是同一个。
1．(2017·山东泰安中考改编)—I’m a little hungry, Mom!
—There are some apple pies on the table. You may take ．
A．it B．this C．one
2．(2018·江苏泰州中考改编)—More and more people give out “red packets” on WeChat to celebrate festivals.
—That’s true. I have just received from my friend.
A．it B．that C．one
3．(2018·安徽中考改编)—The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.
—Really? Let’s go and buy for our new kitchen.
A．one B．it C．that
4．(2018·江苏宿迁中考改编)—Excuse me, I want some books, but I can’t find a bookshop here.
—I know on my way home. Come with me, please.
A．this B．one C．it
5．(2018·内蒙古包头中考改编)Everyone can help in way or another to make our city more beautiful.
A．any B．one C．every
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参考答案
考点一 1～5 BBCBC 6～7 BB
考点二 1～2 BC
考点三 1～5 CCBCA
考点四 1～4 AABB
考点五 1～5 BABAC 6～8 AAC
考点六 1～5 CCABB
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