2019年山东菏泽市中考英语：冠词
考点一 不定冠词
1．基本用法
(1)泛指某个人或物，意思为“一”，数量概念比one弱。
A girl is looking for you.有个女孩在找你。
(2)用于可数名词单数形式前，表示一类人或物。
A dog is a useful animal.狗是一种有用的动物。
(3)用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”，相当于every或each。
We have six classes a day.我们每天六节课。
(4)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
The apple is delicious. Can I have a second one？这苹果很好吃，我能再吃一个吗？
(5)用于物质名词前面，表示“一种、一场”等。
What a heavy rain！好大的一场雨！
(6)构成一些固定短语。
a little bit有点儿 a couple of两个
all of a sudden突然 have a cold感冒
have a look看一看 have a rest休息一下
have a try试一试 have a walk散步
once in a while偶尔 pay a visit to拜访
play a role发挥作用 quite a lot/few许多
2．a/an的辨析
an用在以元音音素开头的名词前，如an egg。即使单词拼写以辅音字母开头，如果单词的读音是以元音音素开头，也要用an，如an hour。反之即使拼写以元音字母开头但读音是以辅音音素开头，加不定冠词时也要用a，
如 a university。
(1)常见的以元音音素开头的重点名词和形容词
animal answer arm apple
easy egg eraser elephant
eye hour idea impolite
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important interesting orange umbrella
uncle unhappy unknown unpleasant
unusual
(2)常见的不定冠词易错短语
an honest boy an hour
a university a useful book
a usual story a European country
a UFO
1．(2018·黑龙江龙东中考)Sun Yang is excellent player, I want to become
person like him.
A．a; a B．a; the C．an; a
2．(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考)—How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?
—It takes us hour to go to my hometown by train.
A．an; a B．an; / C．an; the
3．(2018·山东莱芜中考改编)Wolf Warriors Ⅱ is such exciting film that I have seen it three times.
A．a B．an C．the
4．(2018·贵州安顺中考改编)France is European country while Thailand is
Asian country.
A．an; a B．a; a C．a; an
5．(2018·甘肃白银中考改编) The man is driving at 40 kilometers hour.
A．a B．an C．the
6．(2018·山东济南高新一模改编)—Tina, do you have English pen pal?
—Yes, I do. I have one in Britain.
A．a B．an C．/
7．(2018·山东济南育英中学一模改编)—What’s on the table?
—There’s dictionary on it.
A．a B．an C．the
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8．(2018·山东潍坊诸城二模改编)—The girl got “A” in the English competition.
—Really? What unusual girl she is!
A．a; an B．an; an C．an; a
9．(2018·山东东营广饶模拟改编)—Have you seen Operation Red Sea(《红海行动》)?
—Yes. This is educational film and it has become one of most popular films in the world.
A．a; the B．an; the C．/; the
10．(2018·山东东营垦利模拟改编)The 19th CPC National Congress(中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会) was held on 18 October, 2017. It was big success.
A．/ B．a C．an
考点二 定冠词
1．用在特定的人或物的名词前，表示特指。
Who is the girl over there？那边的女孩是谁？
2．用来指上文中已提到过的人或事物。
There is a chair in the room. An old man is sitting on the chair.房间里有一把椅子，椅子上坐着一位老人。
3．用于表示世界上独一无二的事物名词前以及普通名词构成的专有名词前。
the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the earth地球
the Great Wall长城 the United States美国
the Pacific Ocean太平洋
the Tianshan Mountains天山山脉
4．用在表示演奏的西洋乐器之前。
The boy can play the piano.这个男孩会弹钢琴。
中国的传统乐器前不加the。
My father can play erhu.我爸爸会拉二胡。
5．用于形容词、副词的最高级前。
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Math is the most difficult subject for me.对我来说，数学是最难的科目。
6．用在序数词或表示顺序的其他词前。
All the students take five subjects in the first year.所有学生第一年要上五门课程。
7．“the＋形容词”或“the＋可数名词单数”表示一类事物。
The new is sure to replace the old.新事物一定会取代旧事物。
The dog is one of the cleverest animals in the world.狗是世界上最聪明的动物之一。
8．用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。
The Turners were having lunch when I got there.我到那里的时候，特纳一家正在吃午饭。
9．用在next, last, same, only等词前。
—Are you the only child？你是独生子吗？
—No. I have a sister.不是，我有一个姐姐。
10．构成一些固定短语。
around the world世界各地
do the dishes清洗餐具
go to the movies看电影
take the subway乘地铁
in the countryside在乡下；在农村
in the face of面对(问题、困难等)
at the top of在……顶部或顶端
in the end最后
all the time频繁；反复
at the beginning of在……开始
at the same time同时；一起
by the time ...在……以前
by the end of在(某时间点)以前
the day before yesterday前天
the day after tomorrow后天
get in the way of挡……的路；妨碍
on the one hand ... on the other hand ...一方面……另一方面……
the more... the more...越……越……；愈……愈……
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1．(2018·四川成都中考)—Who is boy playing soccer over there?
—He is my classmate, Li Ping.
A．a B．/ C．the
2．(2018·贵州安顺中考)Ann is my best friend. She can play piano very well.
A．/ B．a C．the
3．(2018·湖南株洲中考)He likes watching the fifth channel. channel is about sports.
A．An B．The C．A
4．(2018·广东潮州湘桥期末改编)—Jenny, do Chinese people celebrate
Christmas Day?
—No. This is the first time I’ve celebrated festival.
A．the; the B．the; a C．/; the
5．(2018·广西桂平一模改编)—Who’s boy in red, do you know?
—Oh. He’s friend of Tom’s.
A．the; a B．a; the C．the; an
6．(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨道外调研)Boys and girls, the final exam is coming. But remember no matter how much stress you have, stop and take rest if possible.
A．a B．/ C．the
考点三 零冠词
1．表示泛指的不可数名词和复数名词前。
We can’t live without air.我们离不开空气。
I like oranges, but my mother likes apples.我喜欢橘子，但我妈妈喜欢苹果。
2．名词前已有限定词时。
There is no pen in your schoolbag.你书包里没有钢笔。
3．表示节日、季节、月份、日期、星期的名词前。
March 8th is Women’s Day.3月8日是妇女节。
表示节日后面用Day的时候不用the; 用Festival的时候加the，如MidAutumn Day, the
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Spring Festival。
4．表示球类、棋类、游戏、学科、语言、三餐的名词前。
What do you like for breakfast？你早餐想吃什么？
Let’s play basketball after school.放学后咱们打篮球吧！
5．by后接交通工具时。
by bike骑自行车 by car开汽车
6．构成一些固定短语。
on time 准时 on foot步行
at first首先；最初
by mistake错误地；无意中
1．(2018·广东汕头龙湖5月模拟改编)More and more foreign students come to the Confucius Institute(孔子学院) to learn Chinese.
A．a B．the C．/
2．(2018·内蒙古呼和浩特中考改编)—There is a chess match between a Korean player and AlphaGo.
—It’s very amazing.Playing chess is usually onetoone game.
A．the; a B．/; a C．/; an
3．(2018·四川宜宾中考)Every morning he spends hour doing exercise, then he goes to work.
A．an; / B．a; a C．a; /
4．(2018·吉林长春中考改编)I enjoy having breakfast with my family at home. It makes me feel relaxed.
A．a B．/ C．the
参考答案
考点一 1～5 CBBCB 6～10 BABBB
考点二 1～6 CCBCAA
考点三 1～4 CBAB
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