2019年山东菏泽市中考英语：动词的时态与被动语态考点剖析
考点一 动词的时态
1．一般现在时
表示经常性、习惯性的动作或表示客观真理。常与often, usually, always等时间状语连用。
She often works on weekends.她经常在周末工作。
There are four seasons in a year.一年有四季。
2．一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作。be动词的一般过去时为was, were；实义动词的一般过去时为动词的过去式。常与just now, yesterday, last week, ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。
Who did you see at the meeting yesterday？你在昨天的会议上看见了谁？
★必背句式
①一般过去时＋一段时间＋ago
②It is＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时
③过去进行时＋when＋一般过去时
④过去完成时＋when＋一般过去时
3．一般将来时
由“shall/will＋动词原形”构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于各种人称；此外还有“be going to＋动词原形”的形式。常与tomorrow, next week等表示将来的时间状语连用。
He will visit Scotland next week.他下周要去苏格兰旅游。
I am going to stay for a week.我打算待一个星期。
Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看那乌云。要下雨了。
★be going to do表示将来时指事先经过考虑的打算或有迹象表明要发生某事。
4．现在进行时
由“am/is/are＋现在分词”构成，表示现在正在发生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有now, look, listen等标志词。
Look! A bird is flying in the sky.看！一只鸟在天上飞。
She is teaching at a night school now.目前她在一所夜校教学。
5．过去进行时
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由“was/were＋现在分词”构成，表示过去某一时间正在发生的事情或过去某段时间一直在做的事情。常与this time yesterday, “when＋过去动作”等时间状语连用。
She was watching TV at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候她正在看电视。
They were waiting for you last night.昨晚他们一直在等你。
6．现在完成时
由“have/has＋过去分词”构成，表示过去某时发生的动作一直延续到现在或过去的动作对现在有影响。标志词有since, for, already, yet, so far等。
I have lived in Beijing since 10 years ago.自从10年前我就一直在北京居住。
They have lost the match.他们已经输了比赛。
★当句中有“How long...？/since.../for...”等时间状语时，句中动词要用延续性动词。非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换如下：
buy→have borrow→keep leave→be away
die→be dead become→be come to→be in
begin→be on stop→be over
open/close→be open/closed
leave＋地点→be away from＋地点
join→be in/a member of
1．(2018·山东菏泽东明三模)Nowadays, highspeed trains one of the New Four Great Inventions in China.
A．were called B．are calling C．are called
2．(2018·山东菏泽单县模拟二)Because it every day, the window is clean.
A．cleaned B．will clean C．is cleaned
3．(2018·江西赣州联盟考试改编)—Where’s your brother, Tim? I want to borrow his iPad.
—He his car in the garden. You can find him there.
A．will wash B．washes C．is washing
4．(2018·安徽合肥九年级第二次月考改编)We wonder if our teachers to our graduating party next weekend. If they ， we will be very happy.
A．will come; will come
B．will come; come
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C．come; will come
5．(2018·江苏南京中考改编)—We to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday.
—That’s amazing!
A．went B．go C．will go
6．(2018·新疆乌鲁木齐中考改编)John told his little daughter the earth
from the west to the east.
A．moved B．moving C．moves
7．(2018·甘肃白银中考)She an English magazine when I came in.
A．reads B．was reading C．will read
8．(2018·天津中考)—Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall?
—Yes. I there with my parents last year.
A．go B．went C．will go
考点二 被动语态
1．一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are done)
This machine is made in China.这台机器是中国制造的。
2．一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)
The windows in our classroom were broken yesterday.昨天我们教室的窗户被打碎了。
3．一般将来时的被动语态(will/shall be done)
I think the desks will be repaired soon.我想这些课桌很快要被修好了。
4．含情态动词的被动语态(can/may/must/should be done)
Where can the lost book be found？这本丢失的书能在哪里找到？
Who might be elected monitor in our class？我们班谁可能被选为班长？
1．(2018·山东菏泽牡丹中学三模)The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it ．
A．invents B．was invented C．is invented
2．(2018·安徽巢湖二模改编)—People, especially the young, by their friends.
—That’s true. Friends play an important part in everyone’s life.
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A．easily influenced
B．are easily influenced
C．will be easily influenced
3．(2018·四川达州中考改编)—Final exam is coming, Tom. Don’t watch TV for too long.
—I’m not a child anymore. I what to do.
A．should always be told
B．should always tell
C．shouldn’t always be told
4．(2018·四川南充中考改编)—What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!
—Yes, many old trees and houses ．
A．pulled down
B．were pulling down
C．were pulled down
5．(2018·福建中考)Papermaking by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代)．
A．is invented B．invented C．was invented
6．(2018·湖南株洲中考)Many modern trains in the world in Zhuzhou.
A．are creating B．created C．are created
7．(2018·湖南湘西土家族苗族自治州中考)—Your ring looks nice.
—Yes, and it in Thailand.
A．makes B．made C．was made
8．(2019·原创)Football in most countries in the world.
A．plays B．is played C．was played
参考答案
考点一 1～5 CCCBC 6～8 CBB
考点二 1～5 BBCCC 6～8 CCB
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