专题五 介词和介词短语
语法与情景对话
1.［2017重庆B卷］It’s good for us to drink milk________ the morning.
A. at B. on C. in D. from
2.Yingqi Bird Nest Library, the smallest library in the world, was opened to the public in Nanjing’s Huashu Village_______ the World Reading Day this year.
A. on B. in C. at D. as
3.［2017临沂］A couple from Australia welcomed five healthy babies_______ January.
A. at B. in C. for D. on
4.［2017德州］—_______, there must be life on other planets though none has been discovered.
—I agree with you. The universe is so large after all.
A. To my surprise B. To be honest
C. In my opinion D. Again and again
5.［2017连云港］—I’m thirsty. I’d like a glass of orange juice. What about you, Dad?
—I prefer a cup of coffee_______ nothing in it.
A. with B. without C. for D. to
6.［2017扬州］We all like watching the TV programme Readers_______ Saturday evening.
A.in B. on C. at D. for
7.［2017德州］A woman stood_______ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.
A. past B. through C. across D. by
8.［2017黄石］—Daddy, I’ve run out of my pocket money. I spent 100 yuan _______ some favorite books.
—OK. Here you are. But make sure you save money as well.
A. for B. on C. with D. at
9.［2017随州］—Do you know the student_______ David and Jack?
—Yeah. It’s Jim.
A. among B. in C. between D. around
10.［2017贵阳改编］Grace often gets nervous before she gives a speech_______ .
A. in pubic B. in total C. in common D. in half
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11.［2017东营］Doctors say that the first 10 minutes _______ a traffic accident is important for saving a life.
A. in B. before C. after D. during
12.［2017怀化改编］—What time do you usually get up on weekends?
—I usually get up_______ 7:00 o’clock in the morning.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
13.［2017东营］_______ the scientists’ hard work, Tiangong II was launched （发射） successfully.
A. As for B. Thanks to C. Instead of D. According to
14.［2017上海］We won! The honor belongs_______ all the members of our team.
A. by B. of C. at D. to
15.［2017乐山改编］—Look in the mirror. What happened_______ your face?
—Oh, there’s some ink on my face.
A. to B. on C. in D. for
16.［2017山西改编］When you’re invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be_______ or a little later. It’s different from our Chinese custom.
A. on time B. on business C. on show D. on sale
17.What a nice day! We should go sightseeing_______ watching TV at home.
A. because of B. instead of C. together with D. at the bottom of
18.My grandparents usually go for a walk_______ dinner to keep healthy.
A. at B. of C. during D. after
19. _______the afternoon of March 8, the women in the city had a big party.
A. To B. In C. At D. On
20.—Jack, can you swim_______ the river?
—I don’t think I can. It’s too wide.
A. between B. through C. across D. over
21.Zhang Mei wants to improve her English_______ chatting with her English friend Tony.
A. in B. about C. on D. by
22._______ the help of my parents, I become confident and outgoing.
A. By B. From C. With D. In
23.—What did you get for your birthday, Tony?
—An iPad, _______ my aunt.
A. to B. from C. with D. for
24.Remember to turn off all the lights. Don’t leave the room_______ the lights on.
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A. in B. on C. by D. with
25.—All the students went home_______ Lin Tao. Why?
—Because he did something wrong and had to wait for his parents to come to school.
A. except B. besides C. with D. beside
26.—Our class will have a party_______ the evening of June 30th. Would you like to come?
—I’d love to, but I’m going to visit my grandparents in Dalian.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
27.Could you please give me a hand? I can’t complete the task on time_______ your help.
A. without B. under C. after D. for
28.—When is Henry’s birthday party, Lynn?
—It’s _______ three o’clock in the afternoon.
A. at B. to C. of D. in
29.Tony often gets up early in the morning. He likes to make breakfast_______ his family.
A. at B. on C. for D. from
30.Don’t treat me_______ a guest. I can make myself at home and I can also help you prepare the dinner.
A. for B. of C. to D. as
31.Most people are_______ building a paper factory near here. They are worried the river will get polluted.
A. for B. against C. with D. beyond
32.—Xiao Ming is really a good friend of mine. He is always there whenever I am_______ .
A. in trouble B. in style C. in order D. in person
33. Vienna is famous for having many great musicians. _______, Johann Strauss wrote hundreds of wonderful pieces of music there.
A. In fact B. For example
C. As a result D. In my opinion
34. Class, let’s see who can spell the most words _______ these letters.
A. At B. into C. on D. with
35. It’s a good idea to send the old books_______ the children who need them.
A. at B. of C. to D. by
语法与情景对话
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1.C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：早上喝牛奶对我们有好处。at用于具体的时间点前或黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜前;on用于具体的某一天或某一天的早、中、晚前、星期前;in用于年、月、世纪、四季或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等前时，表示一段时间;from从……（到），表时间或空间的距离。in the morning在早上，为固定搭配。故选C。
2.A【解析】考查介词的用法。句意：英琪鸟巢图书馆，世界上最小的图书馆，在今年的世界读书日那天对南京桦树镇的大众开放。根据其后的时间状语“the World Reading Day this year”可知是在具体的某一天，用介词on，故选A。
3.B【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：一对澳大利亚夫妇在一月生育了五胞胎。句中的时间状语January表示月份，前面应用介词in。故选B。
4.C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意为“_______, 在其他星球上一定有生命，尽管还没有什么被发现。”“我同意你的观点，毕竟宇宙很大。”To my surprise 令我惊讶的是；To be honest 说实话；In my opinion 在我看来，依我看来；Again and again 再一次，又一次。根据语境，空后内容是发表自己的观点，答语也说了“I agree with you”，故In my opinion符合语境。故选C。
5.A【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为“我渴了。我想要一杯橙汁。爸爸，你呢？”“我想要一杯不加任何东西的咖啡。”with和，带有；without没有；for为了；to到。此处表示在咖啡里不添加任何东西，应用with。故选A。
6.B【解析】考查介词的用法。句意为：周六晚上我们都喜欢看电视节目《朗读者》。in后跟年份，月份；on后跟具体的某一天或某一天的早、中、晚；at多表示具体的时间点；for后接一段时间。本句中Saturday evening 表示具体的一天的晚上，因此用介词on。故选B。
7.D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：一位女士站在窗户，观看孩子们在花园里做游戏。past 经过；through 穿过，透过；across 穿过；by 在……旁边，通过。stand by站在……旁，为固定搭配。故选D。
8.B【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。 句意为“爸爸，我花光了我所有的零花钱。我花了100元买我最喜欢的书。”“好的，给你。但是确保你也要节约用钱。”根据固定结构“spend some money on sth. 花钱在某物上”可知选B。
9.C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为“你认识大卫和杰克_______的那个学生吗？”“哦，是吉姆”。between…and意为“介于二者之间”，根据空后的and一词可知选C。
10.A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：格蕾丝经常在_______演讲前变得很紧张。in public在公众场合；in total总共；in common共同的，共有的；in half 分成两半。由gets nervous可推知，空格处指“在公共场合”。故选A。
11.C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：医生说交通事故的_______第一个十分钟对拯救生命来说非常重要。in在……以内；before在……之前；after在……之后；during在……期间。结合句意可知此处表示在事故之后，故选C。
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12.A【解析】考查介词的用法。句意“在周末你通常什么时候起床？”“我通常在早晨七点起床。”at用于具体的时间点前；in 用于表示在早上、中午、晚上、季节、年份、月份等名词前；on用于具体的某一天前；for后一般接时间段。7:00 oclock为具体的时间点。故选A。
13.B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：_______科学家辛勤的工作，天宫二号被成功发射。As for至于；Thanks to多亏；Instead of代替；According to根据。由常识可知，多亏科学家们辛勤的工作，天宫二号成功发射了。故选B。
14.D【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。句意：我们赢了！荣誉属于我们队的所有成员。belong to 意为“属于”，为固定短语。故选D。
15.A【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。句意为“看镜子里。你的脸发生什么了？”“哦，我脸上有些墨水。”happen to…为固定搭配，意为“发生在……身上”。故选A。
16.A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当你被美国朋友邀请去家里吃饭时，你应该_______或者稍微晚一点儿。这与我们中国的习俗不同。on time 准时； on business 出差；on show 展出;on sale廉价出售。根据句意可知是你应该准时或者稍微晚一点。故选A。
17.B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：多么好的天气呀！我们应该去观光_______在家里看电视。because of因为；instead of代替，而不是；together with与……一起；at the bottom of 在……的底部。根据句意可知表示去观光而不是在家里看电视。故选B。
18.D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：我的爷爷奶奶通常在晚饭_______去散步来保持健康。at在具体的时刻；of……的，表示所属关系；during在……期间；after在……之后。根据常识可知应该是饭后散步。故选D。
19. D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：在3月8日下午，我们市的女性举行了一个大聚会。To到；In在早晨、下午或晚上；At在具体的时间点；On在具体的某一天或某一天的早晨、下午或晚上。在三月八日下午用介词on。故选D。
20.C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为“杰克，你能游_______那条河吗？”“我想我不能。它太宽了。”between在两者之间；through从空间内部穿过；across从表面横穿；over越过。此处表示从河的表面游过去。故选C。
21.D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：张梅想通过和她的英国朋友托尼聊天来提高她的英语。in用，常接语言；about关于；on在……上面；by通过。根据句意可知应是通过聊天来提高英语。故选D。
22. C【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。句意为：在我父母的帮助下，我变得自信和外向。with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下，为固定短语。故选C。
23.B【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意“托尼，你生日得到了什么礼物？”“我姑姑送我了一个iPad 4。”to到；from来自；with带有，和……一起；for为了。托尼的礼物“来自”他的姑姑。故选B。
24.D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：记得关掉所有的灯。不要把灯开着就离开房间。in通常用来表示借助于某种语言或方式；on在……上；by通过；with带有。此处使用了with sth.+副词的复合结构，表示伴随状况。故选D。
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25.A【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为“林涛所有学生都回家了。为什么？”“因为他做错事了，不得不等他父母来学校。”except除了（不包括）；besides除了（包括）；with有，带着；beside在……旁边。根据语境可知他做错事了没有回家，所以是除了他以外。故选A。
26.B【解析】考查时间介词的用法。句意为“我们班将在6月30日晚上举办聚会。你愿意来参加吗？”“我愿意，但是我要到大连看望我的祖父母。”此处表示在具体的某一天的晚上，用介词on。故选B。
27.A【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：请问你能帮我吗？_______你的帮助，我不能准时完成这项任务。without 没有；under在……下面；after在……之后；for为了……。结合句意可知没有你的帮助我就不能准时完成这项任务。故选A。
28.A【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为“林恩，亨利的生日晚会是什么时候？”“它_______下午三点。”at在；to向，往；of……的；between在……（两者）之间。根据句意并结合备选项可知此处表示亨利的生日晚会在下午三点，故选A。
29.C【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：托尼早晨经常早起，他喜欢_______全家人做早饭。at在……；on在……上；for为了……；from 来自，从……。根据语境可知此处指的是“为全家人做早饭”， 所以for最合适。故选C。
30.D【解析】考查介词的固定搭配。句意为：不要把我_______客人一样看待，我可以当在自己家里一样的，也可以帮你准备晚餐。for为了……；of……的；to向，往；as像。treat...as...将……当作……对待，为固定搭配。故选D。
31.B【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：大多数人_______在这河附近建造纸厂。他们担心河水将会被污染。for赞成；against反对；with和；beyond超过。根据后句“担心河水将会被污染”可知应是反对，故选B。
32.A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意为“小明确实是我的一个好朋友。无论什么时候我_______，他总是在我身边。”in trouble陷入困境中；in style流行的；in order按照顺序;in person亲自。结合语境可知，此处表示“无论什么时候我遇到困难，他总是在我身边”，故选A。
33. B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：维也纳因为有许多著名的音乐家而出名。_______，约翰·施特劳斯在那里写了成百千首音乐。分析句意可知选B。
34.D【解析】句意：同学们，让我们看一看谁可以用这些字母拼写最多的单词。with“使用”，故选D。
35.C【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：把旧书寄送给那些需要它们的孩子们是一个好主意。send… to…为固定搭配，故选C。
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