专题十二 动词的语态
Ⅰ.根据句意, 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.As soon as he was_______ (offer) a well-paid job, he called his parents to tell them the good news.
2.The decision to set up a No Homework Day every week is _______ (welcome) by all the students.
3.We are sure that PM 2.5 will be _______ (control) if we work together to solve the pollution problem.
4.Though drivers are _______ (ask) not to drink wine before driving, some of them still break the law.
5.Look at my scarf. It’s so smooth. I bought it during my trip to France, but it was _______ (make) in China.
6.A football match between Class Two and Class Three will be _______ (hold)tomorrow afternoon.
7.The geography teacher said that nearly three quarters of the earth is _______ (cover) with water.
8.Last year many of his short stories were _______ (translate)into some foreign languages.
9.Usually, books for children are _______ (write) in simple languages.
10.I’m glad to find that many trees were _______ (plant) in our city last year.
Ⅱ.语法与情景对话
1.—How beautiful these pictures are!
—Really?They _______ during my stay in Europe last year.
A. are taken B. were taken C. will be taken D. have been taken
2.［2017龙东地区改编］The number of the old people is increasing in China. With the development of China, they _______ better care of in the future.
A. will take B. are taken C. will be taken D. take
3.［2017宜昌］—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety _______ into use last month.
—Can you tell me what they are?
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put
4.［2017河南］—Why are you leaving your job?
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—I can’t stand it any longer. I _______ always _______ to work overtime.
A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked
5.［2017重庆A卷］This picture _______ by my cousin last year.
A. draws B. drew C. is drawn D. was drawn
6.［2017襄阳］The 24th Winter Olympic Games _______ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022, from February 4th to 20th.
A. is going to hold B. hold C. will be held D. was held
7.［2017西宁］—I want to teach in the poor countryside of Qinghai when I graduate from the college.
—Me, too. Teachers _______ very much there.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. needed
8.［2017安徽］Mr. Green _______ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.
A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites
9.［2017上海］The museum _______ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival.
A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated
10.The driver _______ not to drive after drinking but he didn’t agree with others.
A. asks B. was asked C. is asked D. asked
11.A new hospital _______ in my town next year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. will be built
12.［2017十堰］About thirty-eight people _______ in Manila Casino Hotel attack on June 2nd.
A. kill B. kills C. killed D. were killed
13.［2017泰安］As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese _______ in more and more schools out of our country.
A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught
14.［2017长春］Thanks to the government, several new primary schools _______ in my hometown last year.
A. build B. built C. are built D. were built
15.Boys and girls, you _______ five minutes to read it and then answer my questions.
A. give B. will give C. are giving D. will be given
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16.［2017福州改编］Eleven Chinese films _______ during the 7th Chinese Film Festival in France last month.
A. showed B. are shown C. were shown D. are showing
17.Think carefully before deciding who_______ .
A. invites B. is invited C. will be invited D. will invite
18.［2017黔东南］—The game is very wonderful. Who designed it?
—It _______ by John in 2002.
A. is designed B. designs C. was designed D. designed
19.—Long time no see!
—I’ve just returned. I _______ to Zhengzhou for a meeting last month.
A. am sent B. was sent C. am sending D. was sending
20.—Susan, why are you still here？They are all ready to start.
—I’m sorry, but I _______ when to start.
A. don’t tell B. won’t tell C. won’t be told D. am not told
21.—I haven’t finished my report yet.
—You’d better hurry up. It _______ in tomorrow. It is the deadline.
A. may be handed B. can hand C. must be handed D. should hand
22.—Chinese tea is popular around the world.
—I agree. It _______ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
A. brings B. brought C. is brought D. was brought
23.—Look at the picture. What will happen in 2048?
—Many houses _______ under the sea.
A. will build B. built C. will be built D. were built
24.It’s a traditional custom in Tibet to drink the wine before the meal _______.
A. serves B. is served C. will be served D. served
25.—What a beautiful garden you have! Your father must be a good gardener.
—So he is. Look! All these flowers _______ by him.
A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted
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Ⅰ.根据句意, 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.【解析】句意：他一_______一份高薪工作，就打电话给他的父母告诉他们这个好消息。由谓语动词called可知，需用过去时。此处he和offer之间为动宾关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was offered。
2.【解析】句意：每周创建一个无作业日的决定受到所有学生的欢迎。根据标志词by可知，本句应用被动语态，其构成为：be+done。主语是The decision，故填is welcomed。
3.【解析】句意：我确信如果我们一起努力解决污染问题，PM 2.5_______。由句意可知，PM 2.5将会被控制，应用被动语态；根据“主将从现”原则，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be controlled。
4.【解析】句意：尽管司机_______在开车之前不能喝酒，但是他们中的一些人还是违法。此处表达司机“被要求”，因此应用被动语态，结合后半句中的break the law可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are asked。
5.【解析】句意：看看我的围巾，它如此光滑。我在法国旅行期间买的它，但是它_______中国。该句主语it与谓语动词make之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；由前面动词bought可知，该句用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was made。
6.【解析】句意：明天下午二班和三班将举行一场足球比赛。根据时间状语tomorrow afternoon可知，用一般将来时，A football match是被举行，故填will be held。
7.【解析】句意：地理老师说地球上将近四分之三的地方被水覆盖。分析句意可知，老师说的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时。又因为the earth与cover之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填is covered。
8.【解析】句意：去年他的很多短篇小说都被翻译成几种外语。根据时间状语last year可知，该句的时态为一般过去时。再分析句子结构可知，主语short stories和动词translate之间为动宾关系，因此用被动语态。故填were translated。
9.【解析】句意：一般情况下，孩子们的书被以简单的语言书写。书与写之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态，由usually可知用一般现在时，故填are written。
10.【解析】句意：我很高兴发现，去年我们城市种植了很多树。根据句意可知plant与many trees 之间为动宾关系，且时间是last year,故填一般过去时的被动语态。
Ⅱ.语法与情景对话
1.B【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“这些照片多漂亮啊！”“真的吗？它们是我去年待在欧洲的时候拍的。”句中的主语They指代的是上句中的pictures，与动词take之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语last year可知用一般过去时。故选B。
2.C【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：中国老年人的数量正在增加。随着中国的发展，将来他们会。分析句意可知，主语they与谓语动词take care of之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语in the future可知应用一般将来时。故选C。
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3.C【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“上个月很多新的关于食品安全的法律和法规投入使用。”“你能告诉我它们是什么吗？”分析语境可知，主语laws and rules与谓语动词put之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A、D两项；由时间状语last month可知时态应为一般过去时。故选C。
4.B【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为“你为什么打算辞职？”“我再也不能忍受了，我总是被要求超时工作。”根据always可知句子时态为一般现在时；主语I与ask之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选B。
5.D【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这幅画是去年由我堂妹画的。分析语境可知主语This picture与谓语动词draw之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语last year可知应用一般过去时。故选D。
6.C【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：第24届冬奥会将于2022年2月4日至20日在北京和张家口。分析句意可知，主语The 24th Winter Olympic Games与谓语动词hold之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语in 2022可知应用一般将来时。故选C。
7.C【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为“我大学毕业后想去青海的贫困乡村教书。”“我也是。那里非常需要老师。”分析句意，主语teachers与need之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。
8.A【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：格林先生在晚会上唱一首英文歌曲，他唱得很好。分析语境可知主语Mr. Green 与谓语动词invite之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；and连接的谓语动词，时态应保持一致，故用一般过去时。故选A。
9.D【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：博物馆下个月_______来庆祝“科技节”。分析句意可知，主语The museum与谓语动词decorate之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语next month可知应用一般将来时。故选D。
10.B【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：那位司机被要求不要酒后驾驶，但是他认同别人说的话。分析可知主语The driver与谓语动词ask之间为被动关系，句子应用被动语态；but连接的后一分句用了一般过去时，前面的分句也应用一般过去时。故选B。
11.D【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：明年在我们镇将会建一所新医院。分析可知主语hospital与谓语动词build之间为被动关系；且由时间状语next year可知句子应用一般将来时。故选D。
12.D【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：在6月2日的马尼拉赌场宾馆袭击中，大约有38个人。分析语境可知主语people与谓语动词kill之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语on June 2nd可知应用一般过去时。故选D。
13.B【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：随着中国变得越来越强大，汉语在越来越多的国外学校_______。根据句意可知，主语Chinese和谓语动词teach之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据语境可知句子用一般现在时。故选B。
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14.D【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：多亏了政府，去年我的家乡有好几所新小学_______。分析语境可知主语schools与谓语动词build之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语last year可知应用一般过去时。故选D。
15.D【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：孩子们，给你们五分钟的时间阅读，然后回答我的问题。分析可知主语you与谓语动词give之间为被动关系，句子应用被动语态；由语境可知句子表达的是将要发生的事情，用一般将来时。故选D。
16.C【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：上个月在法国“第7届中国电影节”上，有11部中国电影_______。由时间状语last month（上个月）可知，时态为一般过去时；主语Chinese films 与谓语动词show之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。
17.C【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：在决定邀请谁之前要三思。分析可知主语who与invite之间为被动关系；且由语境可知此处应用一般将来时。故选C。
18.C【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“这个游戏非常精彩。谁设计的？”“它是由John在2002年设计的。”分析语境可知主语It（指代the game）与谓语动词design之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；由时间状语in 2002可知应用一般过去时。故选C。
19.B【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意“好久不见！”“我刚回来。我上个月去郑州开会。”根据last month可知本句为一般过去时；根据语境可知主语I与谓语send之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
20.D【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为“苏珊，为什么你还在这儿？他们正准备开始。”“对不起，但我什么时候开始。”根据语境可知“我”没有被告诉什么时候开始，故选D。
21.C【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意为“我还没有完成我的报告。”“你最好快点。它_______明天。那是最后的期限。”主语是it，所以谓语动词应该用被动语态，排除B、D两项。根据语境可知此处表示：必须被上交，故选C。
22.D【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“中国茶在世界上很受欢迎。”“我同意。在第六、七世纪，它_______到朝鲜和日本。”结合语境可知，主语与谓语动词是动宾关系，用被动语态；根据时间状语，可知用一般过去时态，故选D。
23.C【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意“看这张图片，在2048年将会发生什么？”“许多房子在海底。”房子应该是“被建”，用被动语态；而in 2048表示将来的时间，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
24.B【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为：在西藏，在饭前喝酒是一种传统习俗。 serves一般现在时；is served一般现在时的被动语态；will be served一般将来时的被动语态；served一般过去时。根据语境可知应用一般现在时，且the meal与serve之间为动宾关系，故选B。
25.D【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“你有一个多么漂亮的花园啊！你的父亲一定是一个很好的园艺家。”“他的确是，看，所有这些花都是被他_______。”主语“All these flowers”是plant的动作对象，表示“花被种”，应用被动语态，根据语境可知应是过去被种植。故选D。
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