专题一 名词
Ⅰ. 根据句意, 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.[2017淮安]Zheng Chenggong is one of the national ________(hero) in our country. We are proud of him.
2.[2017成都]Some parents often tell their kids not to believe ________(strange)words.
3.[2017淮安]The ________ (player) cap is really cool and I like it very much.
4.[2017遂宁改编]Many ________(visitor) came to the hometown of the great man during the vacation.
5.Many modern ________ (invention) have made a great difference in our life.
6.Maybe Mary is at the ________ (doctor) for she had a headache this morning.
7.Now most of us look up the new words on the Internet instead of in the ________(dictionary).
8.There are many ________ (culture) differences between the East and the West.
9.This is my little ________(cousin)room which is filled with all kinds of toys.
10.Be more ________(confidence), I’m sure you will achieve your goal sooner or later.
Ⅱ. 语法与情景对话
1.[2017安徽]The new Silk Road will offer a good_________for more nations to communicate.
A. chance B. habit
C. question D. price
2.[2017白银]“It depends on my_________ decision.” the mother said and looked at her two sons.
A. children B. children’s
C. child D. child’s
3.[2017宜昌]—The government is trying to develop winter sports for the 2022 Winter Olympics.
—No wonder people are showing more_________in them.
A. warmth B. interest
C. victory D. standard
4.[2017泰安]It is five years since we began to enjoy a_________ spring holiday each year.
A. ten-day B. ten day
C. ten day’s D. ten days
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5.[2017徐州]We have no food at home. Shall go to the_________ ?
A. library B. supermarket
C. hospital D. theatre
6.[2017安顺]There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are_________ .
A. men’s teachers B. man teachers
C. men teacher D. men teachers
7.[2017福建]—Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera.
—That’s true. It’s an important part of Chinese _________.
A. culture B. invention
C. custom D. tradition
8.[2017怀化改编]—It’s hot today. Have some_________ , please.
—No, thanks. I’m not thirsty at all.
A. water B. potatoes
C. bread D. chocolate
9.[2017天津]Don’t stand too close to North Americans. You’d better give them more personal _________.
A. time B. system
C. space D. pity
10.[2017南京 ]—I go swimming every day.
—Wow! That’s a good_________. It keeps you healthy.
A. match B. task
C. habit D. dream
11.[2017哈尔滨改编]—How time flies!It is two_________ since we met last.
—So it is. I miss you so much.
A. months B. monthes
C. months’ D. month’s
12.[2017襄阳]—What’s your_________ to English learning, Lin Tao?
—I think watching English movies is helpful.
A. place B. age
C. time D. secret
13.[2017贵港]—Linda often answers the teachers’_________ in class, doesnt she?
—Yes. She is very active.
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A. problems B. notices
C. questions D. messages
14.[2017恩施改编]—Henry, have you seen the English book on the desk? If you see it, please take it to the_________ office.
—OK.
A. teachers’; teachers’
B. teacher’s; teachers’
C. teacher’s; teacher’s
D. teachers’; teacher’s
15.[2017烟台]—It’s dangerous to drive after drinking.
—That’s true. It can increase the_________ of traffic accidents.
A. advantage B. stress
C. safety D. risk
16.[2017齐齐哈尔改编]I went to the hospital yesterday. I found a few_________ there.
A. man nurses B. men nurse
C. men nurses D. men nurse’s
17.[2017苏州]—Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?
—Either day is OK. It makes no _________ to me.
A. choice B. change
C. difference D. decision
18.[2017邵阳]—Mom, please give me two_________ . I want to make vegetable salad.
—OK. Here you are.
A. tomato B. tomatoes
C. tomatos D. tomatoe’s
19.[2017重庆B卷]Zhang Lin is a popular_________ in this school and most of her students are her fans.
A. farmer B. doctor
C. worker D. teacher
20.It’s sports time. Most_________ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.
A. boy B. boys
C. boy’s D. boys’
21.[2017日照]The TV show Letters Alive brings back people’s_________ of writing to each other.
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A. ideas B. hobbies
C. styles D. memories
22.My uncle keeps many_________ on the farm. And I often help him feed them.
A. cow B. horse
C. pig D. sheep
23.[2017重庆A卷]—Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week.
—Well, you’d better take a_________ with you, or you may easily get lost.
A. photo B. stamp
C. map D. postcard
24.[2017昆明]Many _________ are playing an active part in making Kunming a civilized city (文明城市).
A. man B. woman
C. volunteer D. volunteers
25.[2017攀枝花]—More and more people come to visit Miyi County to enjoy the sunshine in winter.
—You are right. It has become the_________ of Panzhihua.
A. pride B. effort
C. price D. courage
Ⅰ. 根据句意, 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. heroes【解析】句意为:郑成功是我们国家的民族英雄之一。我们以他为骄傲。one of+名词复数,表示“……之一”。故填heroes。
2.strangers’【解析】句意:一些父母经常告诉他们的孩子不要相信陌生人的话。修饰名词words应用形容词或形容词性物主代词或名词所有格,结合句意可知此处指不要相信陌生人的话,且陌生人用复数表泛指,故填stranger的复数所有格形式strangers’。
3.player’s【解析】句意:运动员的帽子真的很酷,我很喜欢它。根据句意可知此处指运动员的,用名词所有格修饰名词cap。故填player’s。
4.visitors【解析】句意:许多游客在假日期间来到了这个伟人的故乡。根据空前限定词Many,可知此处填可数名词复数,故填visitors。
5.inventions【解析】句意:许多现代发明使我们的生活大不相同。根据空格前限定词Many(许多),可知此处填名词复数,故填inventions。
6.doctor’s【解析】句意:或许玛丽在诊所,因为他今天早上头疼。职业名词的所有格可以表示某人办公的地点。故填doctor’s。
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7.dictionaries【解析】句意:现在我们大多数人在网上查生词,而不是在字典上查。根据语境可知此处查字典表泛指。故填dictionaries。
8.cultural【解析】句意为:东西方之间有很多差异。分析句子结构可知,此处需要填一个形容词来修饰名词differences,故填culture的形容词形式cultural。
9.cousin’s【解析】句意为: 这是我小的房间,里面摆满了各种各样的玩具。分析句子结构可知空处应填名词所有格,表示所属关系,表示“我”堂弟的房间。故填cousin’s。
10.confident【解析】句意:更加一点,我相信总有一天你会实现你的目标。分析句子结构可知此处为系动词be后加形容词比较级,此处的比较级形式为more+形容词原级。故填confident。
Ⅱ. 语法与情景对话
1.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:新的丝绸之路将会为各个国家的交流提供一个好的。chance机会;habit习惯;question问题;price价格。根据语境可知,这里指的是提供一个好的机会。故选A。
2.B【解析】考查名词所有格的用法。句意为:妈妈看着她的两个儿子说:“它取决于我决定”。有生命的复数名词所有格以s结尾加,不以s结尾则加s。根据句意及后文中母亲看她的两个儿子,因此选项应为复数名词所有格。故选B。
3.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“政府正在努力为2022年冬奥会发展冬季运动。”“难怪人们对它们表现出更多的。”warmth温暖;interest兴趣;victory胜利;standard标准。根据句意可知应是表现出更多的兴趣。故选B。
4.A【解析】考查名词作定语。句意:自从我们开始每年春天享受一个十天的假期已经五年了。分析句子结构可知空格处缺定语,根据“数词+名词”作定语时中间要用连字符,且名词应用单数形式。故选A。
5.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为:家里没有食物了。我们去好吗?library图书馆;supermarket超市;hospital医院;theatre剧院。如果没有食物了,那就要去超市买。故选B。
6.D【解析】考查名词单复数。句意:在我们学校有100多名老师,而且大部分是男老师。man teacher男老师,其复数形式为men teachers。故选D。
7.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“如今越来越多的外国人对京剧感兴趣。”“是的。它是中国中的重要组成部分。”culture文化;invention发明;custom风俗,习俗; tradition 传统。根据常识可知,京剧是中国“文化”的一部分。故选A。
8.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“今天很热。请喝些。”“不,谢谢。我一点也不渴。”water水;potatoes西红柿;bread面包;chocolate巧克力。结合语境可知此处是让对方喝水,故选A。
9.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:站着时不要太靠近北美人,你最好给他们更多的私人。time时间;system系统;space空间;pity遗憾,怜悯。根据句意和常识可知,应是给北美人更多的私人空间。故选C。
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10.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意“我每天游泳。”“哇!那是一个好。游泳可以保持健康。”match比赛;task任务;habit习惯;dream梦想。结合语境可知此处表示习惯,故选C。
11.A【解析】考查名词单复数。句意为“时间过得真快呀!自从我们上次见面已经两个月了。”“的确如此。我非常想念你。”根据空格前的two可知空格处应填名词的复数。month的复数为months。故选A。
12.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“对于英语学习你的是什么?”“我认为看英语电影很有帮助。”place地方;age年龄;time时间;secret秘密,秘诀。根据答语“I think watching English movies is helpful.”可知是询问学习英语的秘诀。故选D。
13.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“琳达在班上经常回答老师的, 不是吗?”“是的,她很活跃。”problems困难,难题,指说话者认为难以解决的问题,常与动词 solve或settle(解决)搭配;notices通知,通告,注意;questions问题,指说话者需要寻找答案的问题,常与动词ask或answer连用;messages信息。根据句中的answer可知应填名词questions。故选C。
14.B【解析】考查名词所有格。句意为“亨利,你看到老师桌子上的英语书了吗?如果你看到它,就把它拿到老师办公室。”“好的。”第一个空后的desk为单数名词,可判断是指一个老师,用单数名词所有格teachers;第二个空指“老师办公室”用teachers office。故选B。
15.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“酒后驾车很危险。”“是的。它能增加交通事故的。”advantage 优点,优势;stress 压力;safety 安全;risk 风险。由语境可知,酒后驾车有可能增加交通事故的风险。故选D。
16.C【解析】考查名词作定语。句意:我昨天去医院了。我发现那里只有几个男护士。根据a few后接可数名词的复数形式可知nurse应用复数形式;man作定语的单复数取决于其后名词的单复数,所以应用men。故选C。
17.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“我们周五还是周六去?”“任意一天都可以。这对我没有。”choice选择;change 变化;difference不同;decision决定。根据句意可知应是这对我“没有影响”。“make no difference没有影响”,为固定短语。故选C。
18.B【解析】考查名词单复数。句意为“妈妈,请给我两个番茄。我想做蔬菜沙拉。”“好的。给你。”根据空格前的two可知空格处应填名词的复数。tomato的复数为tomatoes。故选B。
19.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:张琳在这所学校是一位受欢迎的,她的大多数学生都是她的粉丝。farmer农民;doctor医生;worker工人;teacher老师。根据句中的关键词“her students”可知张琳是一位受欢迎的老师。故选D。
20.A【解析】考查名词作定语。句意:现在是运动时间。一班的大多数男生正在操场上踢足球。一般情况下,名词作定语,用单数形式。故选A。
21.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:电视节目《见字如面》唤回了人们给彼此写信的。ideas想法;hobbies爱好;styles时尚;memories记忆。根据句中的关键词“brings back”可知应是唤回记忆。故选D。
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22.D【解析】考查名词单复数。句意:我叔叔在农场里养了很多。我经常帮助他喂养它们。cow奶牛;horse马;pig猪;sheep羊。由空前的many可知空处应填名词的复数形式,A、B、C三项均为名词单数,只有D项sheep的单复数同形。故选D。
23.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。 句意为“朱迪,我下周将要去加拿大开会。”“嗯,你最好带上一张,否则你可能会很容易迷路。”photo照片;stamp邮票;map地图;postcard明信片。根据语境可知应是带上一张地图。故选C。
24.D【解析】考查名词单复数。句意:许多在使昆明成为文明城市中发挥着积极的作用。man男人;woman女人;volunteer志愿者;volunteers志愿者,复数。many后接可数名词的复数形式。故选D。
25.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“现在越来越多的人在冬天来米易县享受阳光。”“你说得对。它已经成为攀枝花的。”pride骄傲;effort努力;price价格;courage勇气。由语境可知选A。
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