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2019年高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空选练（7）
李仕才
第一部分：完形填空
A
My mother was a responsible teacher and she retired.So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her pass the time.She had a little bit of computer __1__，so I just set it up for her and let her __2__ with it on her own.
As time went on，I __3__ the computer was hardly touched.She said she didn't know __4__ to use it.I decided to teach her.I sat and __5__ everything and she seemed OK with what I said.Unfortunately，my sister called me at that moment __6__ we talked on the phone for an hour.Then when I saw her again，she was sitting in front of the computer，looking quite __7__.The screen saver(屏幕保护程序) had appeared and she didn't know how to __8__ it off.She had tried __9__ every key and it didn't work.I told her，“Just __10__ the mouse a little.” What I meant was that she just needed to move the mouse around to __11__ the computer up.What she did was to __12__ the mouse and start shaking it around in midair until the __13__ went completely black.I couldn't help laughing because of her funny __14__.The more I laughed the __15__ she got.
She thought that I was a(n)__16__ teacher and she decided to figure the thing out herself.Well，at least I helped her overcome her __17__ of breaking something and encouraged her to __18__ a little.
About a week later，I found a homemade __19__ card with a mouse on the front making a funny face __20__ to my door.It said，“Thanks for the computer lessons.Love，Mom.”
1．A.theory B．knowledge
C．technology D．history
2．A.watch B．train
C．play D．see
3．A.found B．heard
C．thought D．ignored
4．A.why B．when
C．how D．where
5．A.learned B．described
C．explained D．discussed
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6．A.and B．but
C．because D．since
7．A.amusing B．relaxed
C．interesting D．discouraged
8．A.get B．break
C．cut D．turn
9．A.hitting B．feeling
C．changing D．removing
10．A.hang B．shake
C．rub D．push
11．A.clean B．wake
C．bring D．take
12．A.put up B．cut off
C．pick up D．put away
13．A.screen B．curtain
C．cover D．window
14．A.adjustment B．imitation
C．expression D．action
15．A.ruder B．happier
C．angrier D．better
16．A.impatient B．humorous
C．careful D．helpful
17．A.sadness B．pressure
C．fear D．depression
18．A.reply B．observe
C．answer D．experiment
19．A.inviting B．greeting
C．shopping D．birthday
20．A.appeared B．stuck
C．combined D．printed
【解题导语】该文主要讲述了作者教退休的母亲玩电脑的有趣故事。
1．B 根据下文中的“She said she didn't know __4__ to use it.I decided to teach her”可推知，作者的母亲对电脑所知甚少，此处指电脑知识(knowledge)。
2．C 根据上文中的“So I decided to give her one of my old computers to help her
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pass the time”可知，作者给母亲一台自己的旧电脑是让退休的母亲自己玩。play with...“玩……”。
3．A 随着时间的推移，作者发现(found)电脑几乎没被碰过。
4．C 根据下文中的“I decided to teach her”可推知，母亲并不知道怎么(how)使用电脑，于是作者决定教她。
5．C 根据空处前一句“I decided to teach her”和空后的“and she seemed OK with what I said”可推知，作者给母亲讲解(explained)了相关的电脑知识。
6．A 根据语境可知，空处应填连词and，表示“然后，接着”。
7．D 结合语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，感到很泄气(discouraged)。
8．D 根据空前的“The screen saver(屏幕保护程序)had appeared”及常识可推知，电脑出现屏幕保护程序，母亲不知道怎么把它关掉。turn off“关掉”。
9．A 根据空后的“and it didn't work”可推知，母亲因为不懂得怎么关掉屏幕保护程序，于是就按(hitting)了每一个键。
10．B 根据语境可推知，作者教母亲稍微晃动(shake)鼠标即可。下文中的“start shaking it”也是提示。
11．B 根据语境可推知，作者是让母亲移动鼠标，唤醒电脑。wake up“唤醒”，符合语境。
12．C 根据空后的“start shaking it around in midair”可推知，母亲听了作者的话就把鼠标拿起来(pick up)，在空中摇晃。
13．A 根据语境可推知，母亲不会玩电脑，拿着鼠标乱晃，结果电脑屏幕(screen)全黑了。
14．D 根据语境可知，作者被母亲搞笑的行为(action)给逗乐了。
15．C 根据语境可知，作者越笑，母亲越生气(angrier)。
16．A 根据空后的“she decided to figure the thing out herself”可推知，身为老师的母亲对作者教自己玩电脑这件事很有看法，认为作者没有耐心(impatient)。
17．C 根据语境可推知，作者帮助母亲走出了害怕(fear)损坏东西的阴影，鼓励母亲再尝试一下。
18．D 参见上题解析。experiment“尝试”，符合语境。
19．B 根据语境可知，母亲自己制作了一张贺卡(greeting card) ，对作者表示感谢。
20．B 根据语境可知，此处指卡片贴在了作者的门上。stick to...意为“粘/贴在……”。
B
(2015·四川德阳四校一模)
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Uncle Bruce has been my most influential role model.I admire him because he has __1__ me into the person I am today by teaching me about respect and responsibility and that anything __2__ having takes a lot of hard work.
The most important thing he has __3__ me is how to think.He always says，“You can learn something from everyone，__4__ it’s what not to do.”He always does what he __5__.If he says，“I’ll pick you up at seven on Thursday，” it will __6__.Also，Bruce is the kind of person who actually __7__ you.
Uncle Bruce was in the army for 20 years and went through some terrible __8__，but he hasn’t let them affect him __9__.After hearing his stories about alcoholand drugrelated __10__，I have no interest in doing anything that could __11__ me or my friends.He is also the only person who truly believes I can __12__ it on West Point.He has done everything within his __13__ to help me achieve that goal.
Uncle Bruce is my hero because he is __14__ that I want to be when I’m his age.He is smart，financially __15__，and gives back to his community.There is no way I can __16__ him for all he’s done.He is the one whose __17__ can change the way I look at something.I’ve never told him that I love him，__18__ has he told me，but we love each other and I wouldn’t have it any other way.I’m not __19__ he’s perfect，but I can’t imagine __20__ without him now that he is here.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。在作者的成长道路上，Bruce叔叔身上的优秀品质一直激励着作者，并在作者的人格塑造中起着重要作用。
1．A.shaped B．promoted
C．trained D．blessed
解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意为：我钦佩他是因为他塑造了现在的我。A项意为“塑造”；B项意为“促进，提升”；C项意为“训练”；D项意为“祝福”。故选A项。
2．A.like B．about
C．from D．worth
解析：选D。考查词义辨析。句意为：任何值得拥有的东西都要花费一番努力。be worth doing为固定句型，意为“值得……”，此处作定语修饰“anything”，故省略be动词。故选D项。
3．A.directed B．taught
C．encouraged D．improved
解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意为：他所教给我的最重要的事情是如何思考。根据第一段中的“by teaching me”可知，应选B项。
4．A.so that B．even if
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C．as if D．now that
解析：选B。考查短语辨析。句意为：你能从所有的人那里学到一些东西，即使是一些不应该去做的事。根据语境可知，前后半句之间为让步关系。even if意为“即使”，符合语境。故选B项。
5．A.wants B．supports
C．promises D．advises
解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：他总是言出必行。A项意为“想要”；B项意为“支持”；C项意为“承诺”；D项意为“建议”。C项符合语境。故选C项。
6．A.matter B．insist
C．succeed D．happen
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。句意为：那件事就会发生。A项意为“有关系”；B项意为“坚持”；C项意为“成功”；D项意为“发生”。根据上文“He always does what he ______.”可知，此处表示Bruce叔叔答应的事一定会发生。故选D项。
7．A.sticks to B．points at
C．listens to D．comes at
解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：Bruce叔叔也是能认真听你倾诉的人。A项意为“坚持”；B项意为“指向”；C项意为“听”；D项意为“攻击”。故选C项。
8．A.experiences B．diseases
C．drills D．adaptations
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意为：他有过一些可怕的经历。A项意为“经历”；B项意为“疾病”；C项意为“训练”；D项意为“适应”。故选A项。
9．A.materially B．negatively
C．barely D．positively
解析：选B。考查副词辨析。句意为：但他并没有让这些经历给他带来消极的影响。A项意为“实质地”；B项意为“消极地”；C项意为“仅仅”；D项意为“肯定地”。根据上文“went through some terrible ______，but”可知，此处表示转折；由此可推知，可怕的经历没有让他变得消极。故选B项。
10．A.tendencies B．statistics
C．references D．misfortunes
解析：选D。考查名词辨析。句意为：听了他与酒精和毒品相关的不幸的故事后。根据上文中的“terrible ______”及“alcohol and drugrelated”可知，与酒精和毒品相关的多是不幸的事。故选D项。
11．A.sink B．test
C．harm D．exploit
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解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：我对任何伤害我及我朋友的事情都不感兴趣。A项意为“下沉”；B项意为“测试”；C项意为“伤害”；D项意为“开发”。故选C项。
12．A.make B．take
C．bring D．seize
解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意为：他也是唯一真正相信我能成功地进入西点军校的人。make it意为“成功地做某事”，符合语境。故选A项。
13．A.management B．access
C．patent D．power
解析：选D。考查名词辨析。句意为：他做了在他能力范围内的一切来帮助我实现目标。A项意为“管理”；B项意为“进入”；C项意为“专利”；D项意为“能力”。故选D项。
14．A.everybody B．everything
C．nobody D．nothing
解析：选B。考查代词辨析。句意为：Bruce叔叔是我的英雄，因为我希望自己到了他这个年纪的时候，能成为像他一样的人。根据语境可知，此处指作者想拥有Bruce叔叔身上一切美好的品质。故选B项。
15．A.secure B．shaky
C．proper D．messy
解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意为：他聪明，有稳定的收入，并且会回报他的社区。A项意为“稳当的”；B项意为“摇晃的”；C项意为“适当的”；D项意为“杂乱的”。故选A项。
16．A.praise B．repay
C．present D．recharge
解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意为：对于他为我所做的一切，我无法回报。A项意为“表扬”；B项意为“回报”；C项意为“提出”；D项意为“充电，休整”。故选B项。
17．A.strength B．honesty
C．opinion D．standard
解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意为：他是一个能够用他的观点来影响我对事物的看法的一个人。A项意为“力量”；B项意为“诚实”；C项意为“观点”；D项意为“标准”。故选C项。
18．A.or B．either
C．nor D．so
解析：选C。考查副词辨析。句意为：我从未告诉过他我爱他，他也没有告诉过我他爱我。nor意为“也不，也不是”。根据“never”可知，应选C项。
19．A.saying B．proving
C．expressing D．demanding
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解析：选A。考查动词辨析。句意为：我并不是说他是完美的。A项意为“说”；B项意为“证明”；C项意为“表达”；D项意为“要求”。故选A项。
20．A.travelling B．studying
C．working D．living
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。句意为：我无法想象没有他的生活。live意为“生活”，符合语境。故选D项。
第二部分：短文语法填空
China will allow all couples to have two children，__1__(give) up its decades－long one－child policy，the Communist Party of China (CPC) __2__(announce) after a key meeting on Thursday.
The change of policy is intended to balance population development and meet the challenge of an aging population，according to a communique (公报) __3__(issue) after the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held from Monday to Thursday.
The proposal must be approved by the top legislature (立法机关) __4__ it comes into force.
China’s family planning policy was first introduced in the late 1970s __5__(control) the rapid __6__(grow) of the population by limiting most urban couples __7__ one child，and as to rural couples，they can have two children on condition that their firstborn child was a girl.The policy was later relaxed.Parents __8__ were both only children in their family could have __9__ second child.
The one－child policy was __10__(far) loosened in November 2013 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee，and couples are allowed to have two children if one of them is an only child.
【语篇导读】 本文讲述了中国的二孩政策。
1．giving [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，give与句子主语China之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填giving。]
2．announced [考查时态。根据时间状语on Thursday可知，本处应用一般过去时。]
3．issued [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，issue与communique之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词issued作定语。]
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4．before [考查连词。提议在生效之前必须得到最高立法机关的批准。before“在……之前”。]
5．to control [考查非谓语动词。中国于20世纪70年代晚期开始实施计划生育政策以控制急剧增长的人口。本处应用动词不定式作目的状语。]
6．growth [考查名词。此处表示控制急剧增长的人口，应用名词作宾语，故填growth。]
7．to [考查介词。limit...to...“限定……到……”是固定搭配。]
8．who/that [考查定语从句。夫妇双方均为独生子女的，还可以再生一个孩子。本处先行词为Parents，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用who/that。]
9．a [考查冠词。序数词前用不定冠词，意为“再，又”。]
10．further [考查副词的比较级。根据句意“一孩政策进一步放松”可知，本处应用比较级；由于本处不是表距离，而是表事物的程度，故用further。]
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