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2019年高考英语一轮完形填空和语法填空选练（3）
李仕才
第一部分：完形填空
A
Make Good Memories
My husband Bill's Grandma was in a nursing home when we moved back to Michigan.Grandma had been unable to walk for quite some time；now her eyesight was almost gone.
Over the years Grandma and I had __1__ many cards and letters.I knew how she enjoyed __2__ in touch with people.Grandma would have me write letters to go in the cards she would send.And she would always have me __3__ what I had written back to her.Grandma didn't have a problem with hearing then __4__ she was always telling me，“That is not __5__ how I said that！” I would then rewrite whatever I wrote in her exact words.
Since I had some __6__ time before Christmas，I asked Grandma if she would like to send __7__ some Christmas cards.Grandma readily __8__.I rounded up several different kinds of cards.I knew she had friends and family who all had different __9__.I would take each card and __10__ in detail the front of the card，then I would read the words inside.After __11__ it over Grandma would tell me who she thought would like __12__ card.
After a while I __13__ and I noticed that we had several nursing home __14__ standing in the doorway.I started to notice as I read each card，the __15__ on their faces and Grandma's face，too.Each one had a __16__ smile and a faraway look in their eyes，as they were seeing the scenes in their minds' eye.
I thought when I went over to do the Christmas __17__ I would be doing Grandma a favor，but it __18__ that she did me a big favor.I'll always __19__ this special memory of bringing some Christmas joy and pleasant __20__ to Grandma and her fellow residents.
1．A.exchanged B．changed
C．traded D．switched
2．A.settling B．losing
C．staying D．getting
3．A.write B．discover
C．translate D．read
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4．A.when B．because
C．while D．though
5．A.carefully B．truthfully
C．specially D．exactly
6．A.extra B．flying
C．essential D．valuable
7．A.for B．up
C．out D．away
8．A.acknowledged B．agreed
C．admitted D．rejected
9．A.addresses B．advantages
C．occupations D．interests
10．A.describe B．communicate
C．distinguish D．ignore
11．A.talking B．turning
C．taking D．thinking
12．A.another B．each
C．one D．other
13．A.looked down B．looked over
C．looked up D．looked through
14．A.immigrants B．visitors
C．patients D．residents
15．A.attention B．look
C．glance D．sight
16．A.gentle B．rough
C．forced D．whispered
17．A.trees B．jobs
C．decorations D．cards
18．A.turned over B．turned out
C．came over D．left out
19．A.treasure B．admire
C．encourage D．recognize
20．A.stories B．faces
C．memories D．letters
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【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。有一年，在圣诞节前夕，作者去帮助丈夫的奶奶做圣诞贺卡，但是在这一过程中作者却得到了莫大的帮助。
1．A 考查动词辨析。A项意为“交换”；B项意为“改变”；C项意为“交易”；D项意为“转换”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，这些年来，作者和丈夫的奶奶两人之间互相赠送卡片和信件，即交换了很多卡片和信件。故选A。
2．C 考查动词辨析。A项意为“解决”；B项意为“失去”；C项意为“保持”；D项意为“得到”。根据下文中丈夫的奶奶常给一些人赠送卡片可判断出，她喜欢和人们保持联系。故选C。
3．D 考查动词辨析。A项意为“写”；B项意为“发现”；C项意为“翻译”； D项意为“读”。根据第一段最后一句中的“now her eyesight was almost gone”以及此空格后下一句的描述可判断出，丈夫的奶奶让作者读一下她让作者所写的那些话。故选D。
4．B 考查连词辨析。根据下文中的“That's not...how I said that！”可知，丈夫的奶奶的听力是没有问题的。此处应用because引导这个原因状语从句。故选B。
5．D 考查副词辨析。A项意为“细心地”；B项意为“诚实地”；C项意为“专门地”；D项意为“精确地，准确地”。根据语境可知，此处指丈夫的奶奶常说作者所写的跟她所说的并不完全一样。故选D。
6．A 考查形容词辨析。A项意为“额外的”；B项意为“飞行的”；C项意为“必要的”；D项意为“值钱的，宝贵的”。由下文中的“I asked Grandma if she would like to send”可知，此处指在圣诞节前夕作者有些空闲时间。故选A。
7．C 考查介词辨析。四个选项皆可与空格前的“send”构成短语：send for意为“派人去叫”；send up意为“发射，使上升”；send out意为“分发，发送”； send away意为“解雇”。根据语境可知，此处指是否需要帮助丈夫的奶奶分发贺卡。故选C。
8．B 考查动词辨析。A项意为“承认”；B项意为“同意”；C项意为“承认”；D项意为“拒绝”。根据下文“I rounded up several different kinds of cards.”可判断出，丈夫的奶奶同意了作者的提议。故选B。
9．D 考查名词辨析。A项意为“地址”；B项意为“优势”；C项意为“职业”；D项意为“兴趣”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，丈夫的奶奶的那些朋友和亲人有不同的兴趣，所以给他们送贺卡时要根据他们的兴趣来送。故选D。
10．A 考查动词辨析。A项意为“描述”；B项意为“交流”；C项意为“区分”；D项意为“忽视”。语境表示，每拿起一张贺卡，作者就会向丈夫的奶奶详细描述贺卡封面上的内容。故选A。
11．D 考查动词辨析。四个选项皆可与后面的“over”构成短语：talk over意为“详细地商议”；turn over意为“使翻转”；take over意为“接管”；think over意为“仔细考虑”。根据常识可判断出，丈夫的奶奶应该是经过仔细考虑后告诉作者哪个人会喜欢哪一张贺卡。故选D。
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12．B 考查限定词辨析。根据本段第五句中的“each card”可判断出，此处指哪个人会喜欢哪一张贺卡，此处应用each。故选B。
13．C 考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“向下看”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“抬头看”；D项意为“浏览”。根据下文中的“I noticed that”可判断出，作者应该是抬头看到了门口的几个人。故选C。
14．D 考查名词辨析。A项意为“移民”；B项意为“参观者”；C项意为“病人”；D项意为“居民”。根据语境可知，此处指作者看到了几位住在养老院的人站在门口。故选D。
15．B 考查名词辨析。A项意为“注意力”；B项意为“表情，神情”；C项意为“一瞥”；D项意为“视力”。根据下一句中的“smile”和“a faraway look”可判断出，作者应该是看了看那些人脸上的神情。故选B。
16．A 考查形容词辨析。A项意为“温和的”；B项意为“粗糙的”；C项意为“被迫的”；D项意为“低语的”。根据逻辑关系可判断出，每个人脸上都有很温和的笑容。故选A。
17．D 考查名词辨析。A项意为“树”；B项意为“工作”；C项意为“装饰”；D项意为“卡片”。根据第三段第一句中的“some Christmas cards”可判断出，作者本想去帮助丈夫的奶奶做圣诞贺卡。故选D。
18．B 考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“使翻转”；B项意为“结果是”；C项意为“突然感到”；D项意为“不包括”。根据语境可知，此处指结果却是丈夫的奶奶帮助了作者。故选B。
19．A 考查动词辨析。A项意为“珍视”；B项意为“钦佩”；C项意为“鼓励”；D项意为“认出”。语境表示，作者会一直珍视这种能给圣诞节带来快乐的特别回忆。故选A。
20．C 考查名词辨析。A项意为“故事”；B项意为“脸”；C项意为“记忆”，D项意为“信”。根据上文中的“this special memory”及文章标题可知，此处指对丈夫的奶奶以及她那些朋友的美好回忆。故选C。
B
(2015·广西柳州3月模拟)
The screaming filled the house and hurt my ears as I watched my mother and father fighting.
My mother started drinking when I was two years old.She would leave the __1__late at night and not return until the next morning.I knew my father was __2__inside, and I felt his pain，__3__．It killed me inside __4__ that their marriage was over.
The __5__gave my father full custody(监护) of my brother and me；my mother had to leave and had no visitation rights.It was two years before she was __6__to see us.
That first Saturday__7__came and went—she didn’t arrive.She had her chance and
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blew it, which hurt me __8__anything.__9__she was given another chance to see us.This time she came, but she was completely __10__．She was __11__ and out of control and refused to leave.My father had to call the police to remove her.
After that visit, my mum decided to change her __12__．She began __13__Alcoholics Anonymous(戒酒协会)．It was difficult for her in the beginning, and she was in and out of the programme__14__．
Finally, she__15__her mind to give it her all, for herself and for us.She kept with the__16__and became stronger each day.
My mother has been sober(有节制的) for 10 years now.Even though my parents are no longer together，I feel very lucky and thankful that I have my mother in my life __17__．She is the same woman now that I used to __18__and love—an amazing person.I have learned from her __19__and that will help me in the future to be a better person.There is __20__ for everyone—if you give it your all and believe in yourself, anything can happen.
1.A.house B．factory
C．office D．neighborhood
2．A.wondering B．hurting
C．hesitating D．expecting
3.A.either B．neither
C．too D．though
4.A.knowing B．understanding
C．hating D．refusing
5.A.police B．court
C．company D．prison
6.A.allowed B．supposed
C．required D．promised
7.A.plan B．job
C．visit D．event
8.A.fewer than B．less than
C．more than D．better than
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9.A.There B．Otherwise
C．Then D．Instead
10.A.ashamed B．drunk
C．depressed D．amazed
11.A.violent B．guilty
C．disappointed D．nervous
12.A.life B．family
C．dream D．routine
13.A.finding B．getting
C．taking D．attending
14．A.eventually B．gradually
C．immediately D．constantly
15．A.made up B．held on
C．gave up D．stuck to
16．A.programme B．appointment
C．class D．journey
17．A.ever B．later
C．again D．next
18．A.find B．know
C．hate B．misunderstand
19．A.views B．mistakes
C．advice D．qualities
20．A.fun B．love
C．value D．hope
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的家庭因为母亲酗酒而破裂。法院判决孩子们的监护权归父亲，母亲没有探视权。后来，为了孩子和自己，母亲下定决心，全力以赴，终于成功戒酒，赢得了作者的爱和尊重。作者从中领悟到：只要相信自己，全力以赴，一切皆有可能。
1．解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据第二段第一句“My mother started drinking when I was two years
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old.”可知，此处指作者的妈妈深夜离开家出去喝酒，直到第二天早上才回来，故选A项，符合句意。B项意为“工厂”；C项意为“办公室”；D项意为“社区，附近地区”，都不合句意。
2．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。根据本句中“and I felt his pain”可知，妈妈的做法深深地伤害了父亲。故选B项，意为“感到疼痛”，符合句意。A项意为“琢磨，想知道”，C项意为“犹豫”，D项意为“期待”，都不合句意。
3．解析：选C。考查副词辨析。根据下句“It killed me inside”可知，因为父母离婚，作者内心也很痛。所以作者也能体会到父亲的心痛。故选C项，意为“也”，用在肯定句句尾。A项用在否定句句尾，意为“也”；B项意为“也不”；D项意为“尽管，虽然”，都不合句意。
4．解析：选A。考查动词辨析。由于看到父母争吵，父亲很痛苦，作者知道他们的婚姻要结束了。故选A项，意为“知道，认识到”。B项意为“懂得，理解”；C项意为“憎恶”；D项意为“拒绝”，都不合句意。
5．解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据常识可知，法院才有权判决父母对孩子的监护权。故选B项，意为“法院”。A项意为“警察”；C项意为“公司”；D项意为“监狱”，都不合句意。
6．解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据上句中“my mother had to leave and had no visitation rights”可知，作者的妈妈没有探视权。由此可知，两年后妈妈才被允许见她的孩子们。故选A项，意为“准许，允许”。B项意为“假设，认为，推测”；C项意为“要求，需要”；D项意为“许诺”，都不合句意。
7．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据上段最后一句“It was two years before she was ______ to see us.”可知，这是作者的妈妈首次被获准可以来看孩子们的日子。故选C项，意为“拜访，看望”，与下段第一句中“After that visit”相照应。A项意为“计划”；B项意为“工作”；D项意为“事件，活动”，都不合句意。
8．解析：选C。考查形容词短语辨析。两年了，终于有了一次可以见孩子们的机会，作者的妈妈却没来看孩子们。孩子们一定非常伤心。故选C项，“more than anything”意为“超过一切”，符合句意。
9．解析：选C。考查副词辨析。错过第一次机会后，妈妈又得到一次见孩子们的机会。故选C项，意为“然后，接着”，符合句意。A项意为“在那里”；B项意为“否则”；D项意为“相反地”，都不合句意。
10．解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据下句中“out of control”可推知，来看孩子们的时候妈妈喝得酩酊大醉，完全失去了控制。故选B项，意为“醉酒的”。A项意为“羞愧的”；C项意为“沮丧的，抑郁的”；D项意为“感到惊奇的”，都不合句意。
11．解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。根据句中“and out of control”以及本段最后一句“had to call the police to remove her”可知，妈妈因醉酒而失控。由此可推知，妈妈的感情很强烈，故选A项，意为“感情强烈的”，符合句意。B项意为“内疚的，有罪的”；C项意为“失望的”；D项意为“紧张的”，都不合逻辑。
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12．解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据下句“She began ______Alcoholics Anonymous(戒酒协会)．”可知，妈妈开始戒酒，她决定改变这种酗酒的生活。故选A项，意为“生活”，符合句意。B项意为“家庭，家人”；C项意为“梦想”；D项意为“常规，生活乏味”，都不合句意。
13．解析：选D。考查动词辨析。句意为：妈妈开始参加戒酒协会。故选D项，意为“参加，出席”，符合句意。A项意为“发现，找到”；B项意为“获得”；C项意为“拿，取，带走”，都不合句意。
14．解析：选D。考查副词辨析。根据“It was difficult for her in the beginning”可知，刚开始，妈妈很难戒酒，不断地放弃又重新开始。故选D项，意为“不断地，始终，一直”，符合句意。A项意为“最终地”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“立刻”，都不合句意。
15．解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。make up one’s mind是固定短语，意为“下定决心”，符合句意。故选A项。B项意为“坚持，抓住”；C项意为“放弃”；D项意为“坚持”，都不符合句意。
16．解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据上段最后一句“she was in and out of the programme______”可知，妈妈下定决心为了自己和家人而戒酒，所以一直坚持戒酒计划。故选A项，意为“计划，项目”。B项意为“任命，约会”；C项意为“班级，课”；D项意为“旅行”，都不合句意。
17．解析：选C。考查副词辨析。根据第二、三段内容可知，作者的妈妈由于酗酒而导致家庭破裂，作者无法见到妈妈。现在妈妈戒酒成功，尽管父母已经离婚，但自己能够再次拥有妈妈，作者为此感到幸运。故选C项，意为“再一次”，符合句意。A项意为“曾经”；B项意为“后来”；D项意为“接下来”，都不合句意。
18．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。根据空格后“and love”可知，所填词与“love”之间应为并列或递进的关系。故选B项，意为“知道，了解”。A项意为“发现”；C项意为“憎恶”；D项意为“误解”，都不合句意。
19．解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，妈妈因酗酒而导致家庭破裂，后来又努力戒酒赢得了作者的爱。妈妈酗酒的经历是她以前犯的错误，由此可知，作者从妈妈犯的错误中吸取了教训。故选B项，意为“错误”，指作者妈妈酗酒的经历。learn from one’s mistake为固定用法，意为“从错误中吸取教训”。A项意为“观点，视野”；C项意为“建议”；D项意为“品质，质量”，都不合句意。
20．解析：选D。考查名词辨析。根据破折号后的“if you give it your all and believe in yourself，anything can happen”可知，作者强调只要相信自己，全力以赴，一切皆有可能。由此可知，作者强调的是每个人都有希望。故选D项。A项意为“快乐，乐趣”；B项意为“爱”；C项意为“价值”，都不合句意。
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第二部分：短文语法填空
Sweet wormwood (青蒿) is a common plant in China，__1__ it has the power to cure the deadly disease called malaria (疟疾)．Tu Youyou __2__(be) the woman who uses the plant’s special power to save millions of lives.The Chinese scientist won a Nobel Prize because of her great contribution.
On October 5，Tu was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.She shared the prize with two other scientists from the US and Japan.Tu is the first native Chinese person __3__(receive) a Nobel Prize in natural sciences.
Tu was modest about receiving the award：“It’s a success for the whole research team.”She also thinks __4__ is scientists’ duty to fight for the health of all humans.
When Tu joined the national research team to find the medicine __5__ could fight against malaria in the 1960s and 1970s，things were hard.The team didn’t have advanced equipment back then.Tu used to test __6__(medicine) by eating them herself.Her team searched old Chinese medicine books __7__ hand and tested over 2，000 traditional recipes.
Once Tu __8__(return) home after traveling for six months.Her little daughter didn’t recognize her and hid from the“strange woman”．To do research，Tu also had to move around a lot.
Finally，Tu found artemisinin (青蒿素) in sweet wormwood in 1971.She spent the next decades __9__(try)to improve the medicine.According to World Health Organization，about 200 million people suffer __10__ malaria around the world，and about half a million die each year.Artemisinin is still the most effective treatment against malaria known today.
Tu never complains about how hard she works.“I feel more rewarded when I see so many cured patients，” she said.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家，她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。
1．but [考查连词。空前语境为：青蒿在中国是一种常见的植物；空后语境为：它有治愈致命疾病——疟疾的能力。根据空处前后语境可以判断，两句为转折关系，故用转折连词but。]
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2．is [考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的“who uses the plant’s special power”可知，该句应用一般现在时。又因主语为Tu Youyou，故用is。]
3．to receive [考查动词不定式。根据该句中的“the first native Chinese person”可以判断，该句应用动词不定式作person的后置定语。]
4．it [考查it的用法。分析该句结构可知，动词不定式短语to fight for the health of all humans作真正的主语，it作形式主语。]
5．that/which [考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为medicine，空处在从句中作主语，故用which或that引导该定语从句。]
6．medicines [考查名词的数。根据该句中的them可以判断，空处应用复数形式。]
7．by/on/at/in [考查介词。by hand意为“用手”；on hand，at hand，in hand意为“在手头”。根据语境可知这四个介词都对。]
8．returned [考查时态。根据下句的“Her little daughter didn’t recognize her”可知，这里陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。]
9．trying [考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故用trying。]
10．from [考查动词短语。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“(因疾病、痛苦等)受折磨”。]
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