语法专项练5 介词及介词短语
A组 2017—2018真题集训
1.(2018·广东)—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school?
— about two months.
A.In B.For
C.Among D.During
答案A
解析在一般将来时态的句子中,in+一段时间,表示“……之后”。故选A项。
2.(2018·贵州黔南)My parents often go to the movies Saturday evenings.
A.on B.in
C.for D.at
答案A
解析Saturdayevenings指的是周六的晚上,表示在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上,时间介词应该用on,故选A项。
3.(2018·海南)—Who is the boy a blue T-shirt?
—He is my cousin.
A.on B.in
C.of D.with
答案B
解析“in+颜色+衣服”表示“穿着……颜色的衣服”。故选B项。
4.(2018·河南)I stopped the night in a small village while I was on holiday in the Himalayas a few years ago.
A.at B.for
C.until D.through
答案B
解析句意:几年前我在喜马拉雅山度假时,在一个小村子里住了一夜。stopfor意为“停留,逗留”。根据语境选B项。
5.(2018·福建A卷)Blue whales are .We should try to protect them.
A.in time B.in public
C.in danger D.in total
答案C
解析考查介词短语辨析。句意:蓝鲸处境危险,我们应该尽力保护它们。intime及时;inpublic当众,在公共场所;indanger处于危险中;intotal总共。故选C项。
6.(2018·湖北十堰)—Your sweater looks nice.Is it made of wool?
—Yes,and it’s made Shanghai.
A.by B.in
C.for D.from
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答案B
解析表示“在某地制造”用bemadein...。故选B项。
7.—The population of the poor is getting smaller and smaller.
— the government,they now live a better life.
A.As for B.Thanks to
C.As a result of D.Thanks for
答案B
解析考查介词短语辨析。句意:“穷人的数量变得越来越少。”“多亏了政府,他们过得好些了。”asfor至于;thanksto多亏了,由于;asaresultof由于……的结果;thanksfor感谢……。结合句意选B项。
8.(2018·江苏无锡)Let’s put the piano over there, the wall.
A.above B.against
C.across D.around
答案B
解析句意:让我们把钢琴放在那里,靠着墙。此处应用against表示“倚在,紧靠”之意。故选B项。
9.(2018·山西)In China,we are using the FAST to find stars .Now more and more people want to know about the largest radio telescope(望远镜) in the world.
A.in person B.in public
C.in space D.in surprise
答案C
解析句意:在中国,我们正在使用FAST射电望远镜来找寻太空中的星星。现在越来越多的人想要了解这台世界上最大的射电望远镜。inperson亲自;inpublic在公共场合;inspace在太空;insurprise惊讶地。故选C项。
10.(2018·山西)Except for working hard,we should give more attention to proper exercise and enough sleep. ,health always comes first.
A.For example B.After all
C.So far D.In fact
答案B
解析句意:除了努力工作以外,我们应该更加注重适当的锻炼和足够的睡眠。毕竟,健康总是第一位的。forexample例如;afterall毕竟;sofar到目前为止;infact事实上。根据句意可知,选B项。
11.(2018·上海)Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup July.
A.on B.in
C.at D.of
答案B
解析表示“在几月份”在月份前用介词in,故选B项。
12.(2018·上海)Frank is an independent boy.His parents are proud him.
A.On B.to
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C.in D.of
答案D
解析beproudof以……为骄傲,是固定搭配。
13.(2018·四川资阳)The river is very clear,we can even see the fish swimming it.
A.in B.on
C.to D.behind
答案A
解析句意:那条河非常清澈,我们甚至可以看到鱼在河里游泳。表达“在……里”应用介词in。故选A项。
14.(2018·广西河池)You can improve your English listening to English songs.
A.by B.with
C.for D.in
答案A
解析句意:你可以通过听英文歌曲来提高你的英语。by意为“用……方式,借助于”;with“和……一起;用……工具、材料”;for“为了”;in“在……里;用某种语言”。这里应该是借助于听这一方式。故选A项。
15.(2018·北京)Happy birthday,Peter!Here’s a gift you.
A.for B.in
C.with D.from
答案A
解析句意:Peter,生日快乐!这是送你的一份礼物。表示“为了;给”用介词for。故选A项。
16.(2018·福建A卷改编)I will give a T-shirt my brother as a birthday present.
A.by B.to
C.from D.at
答案B
解析句意:我会给我哥哥一件T恤作为生日礼物。give...tosb.意为“给某人……”,是固定搭配。故选B项。
17.(2018·甘肃天水) April 22nd,people around the world celebrate Earth Day different ways.
A.In,in B.On,in
C.In,on D.At,by
答案B
解析句意:4月22日,世界各地的人们都以不同的方式庆祝地球日。表示在具体某一天,如在某月某日要用介词on。固定用法:indifferentways,意为“用不同的方式”。故选B项。
18.(2018·四川内江)The accident took place a cold November evening.
A.on B.in
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C.at D.for
答案A
解析句意:这次事故发生在11月的一个寒冷的晚上。当有定语修饰morning,afternoon,evening,day,night时,其前面的介词用on。
19.(2018·山东潍坊)Students here often do physics experiments small groups.
A.by B.in
C.for D.at
答案B
解析句意:这里的学生经常以小组的形式进行物理实验。“(表示手段、方法、材料)用,以”用介词in。选择B项。
20.(2018·四川达州)—I’m thirsty.I’d like a glass of orange juice.What about you,Andy?
—I prefer a cup of tea nothing in it.
A.with B.for
C.to D.without
答案A
解析with表示“和……一起用”,“acupofteawithnothinginit”意为“一杯茶,什么也不加”。故选A项。
21.(2017·河北)Just walk down this road and you’ll see the museum your right.
A.on B.in
C.at D.by
答案A
解析在某人的右侧,用onone’sright。故选A项。
22.(2017·广东)It’s very kind you to lend me your reusable shopping bags.
A.of B.for
C.to D.with
答案A
解析在句式It’s+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.中,当形容词表示人的品质、性格时,应用介词of。由空格前面的kind表示人的性格可知,应用介词of。故选A项。
23.(2017·甘肃天水)—Did you get WeChat Red Envelopes(微信红包) the Spring Festival?
—Yes.It’s actually the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now.
A.with B.for
C.during D.after
答案C
解析with和,附着;for为了;during在……期间;after在……后。根据语境,此处指“春节期间”。故选C项。
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24.(2017·安徽)To my pleasure,my family is always me whatever I decide to do.
A.above B.behind
C.from D.through
答案B
解析句意:使我高兴的是,无论我决定做什么,我的家人都一直在身后支持我。由句意知,选B项。
25.(2017·甘肃白银)The whole family were agreement about what they should do next.
A.about B.of
C.in D.on
答案C
解析句意:所有家庭成员就他们下一步应该做什么达成了一致协议。inagreement意为“同意,一致”,是固定搭配。故选C项。
26.(2017·湖北随州)—Do you know the student David and Jack?
—Yeah.It’s Jim.
A.among B.in
C.between D.around
答案C
解析between...and意为“介于二者之间”,根据空格后的and一词可知应选C项。
27.(2017·江苏泰州)—If someone is your way,what will you do?
—I will wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.
A.in B.on
C.by D.along
答案A
解析答句句意:我会等着,直到他或她走开,而不会挤过去。inone’sway挡道。故选A项。
28.(2017·江苏宿迁)Your gloves should be made leather,for they feel soft and smooth.
A.in B.on
C.for D.of
答案D
解析句意:你的手套应该是皮革制成的,因为它们摸起来很柔软光滑。bemadein在……制造,后接制造的地点;B项和C项无此搭配;bemadeof由……制成,后接制作的材料,leather为制作的材料。故选D项。
B组 2019模拟预测
1.(2018·山东济南高新区模拟)The accident happened a cold February evening.But luckily nobody was badly hurt.
A.in B.at
C.for D.on
答案D
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解析句意:那个事故发生在二月的一个寒冷的晚上。但是,幸运的是,没有人严重受伤。in+年/月,表示在某年或某月;at+钟点,表示在几点钟;for+一时间段,表示持续一段时间;on+具体日期+morning/afternoon/evening表示在具体某一天的上午/下午/晚上,此处有形容词cold修饰evening,表示在一个寒冷的夜晚,故用on,选D项。
2.Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows.
A.below B.across
C.behind D.against
答案D
解析句意:当雨点开始重重地敲打窗户时,本正在帮他妈妈。beatagainst,固定搭配,在……上反复敲打。故选D项。
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3.How do you get to school, bike or foot?
A.by;by B.on;on
C.by;on D.on;by
答案C
解析句意:你如何上学的,骑自行车还是步行?bybike骑车;onfoot步行,故选C项。
4.We need help at the old people’s home.Are you good old people?
A.at B.with
C.on D.to
答案B
解析句意:我们在老人之家需要帮助。你和老人相处得好吗?begoodwith与……相处得好;begoodat擅长某事;begoodto对……友好;“我们”需要人手照顾老人,故选B项。
5.(2018·江苏泰州姜堰模拟)Located beside Hangzhou’s beautiful West Lake,a new private university will soon rise.Shi Yigong is recommended the first president.
A.to B.as
C.for D.with
答案B
解析句意:坐落在杭州美丽的西湖边,一所新的私立大学即将拔地而起。施一公被推荐为第一任校长。to到;as作为;for为了;with带有。结合选项,可知B项符合语境,故答案选B项。
6.Mary is beautiful,but she has few friends. ,being beautiful doesn’t mean being liked.
A.Above all B.That is to say
C.For example D.On the other hand
答案B
解析aboveall首先,尤其是;thatistosay换言之;forexample例如;ontheotherhand另一个方面。句意:玛丽很漂亮,但是她朋友很少。换言之,就是长得漂亮不意味着受人喜欢。选B项。
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7.I always keep a dictionary me when I read an English newspaper so that I can look new words up in it.
A.into B.among
C.along D.beside
答案D
解析句意:当我读英文报纸时,我总是把字典放在我旁边,这样我就可以用它查生词了。into进入;among处在……中;along沿着;beside在……旁边。结合语境可知,是把字典放在身边,随时准备查阅生词,故答案为D项。
8.It’s so cold!The temperature must be zero.
A.on B.with
C.below D.between
答案C
解析根据“It’ssocold!”可知天太冷了,因此温度应是在零度以下,故选C项。
9.—Nothing and nobody can live air and water.
—I agree you.
A.with;with B.without;with
C.in;with D.in;with
答案B
解析句意:“没有空气和水,任何生物、任何人都无法生存。”“我同意你的说法。”without介词,表示“没有”,with表示“带有,具有”。根据题意,选B项。
10.Life the 1900s was very different from what it is now.
A.in B.on
C.from D.by
答案A
解析句意:20世纪的生活与现在的生活不同。the1900s前加介词in表示“在20世纪”,故选A项。
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