第19课 九年级 Units 9—10
课前预热
中考词汇拓展
重点易错单词
1. suppose 推断；料想
2. smooth 平滑的；悦耳的
3. spare 空闲的；不用的；抽出（时间等）
4. director 导演；部门负责人
5. war 战争
6. down 悲哀；沮丧；下来
7. dialog 对话；对白
8. sense 感觉到；意识
9. reflect 反映；映出
10. pity 遗憾；同情
11. master 能手；主人；掌握
12. praise 表扬；赞扬
13. wound 伤口；使伤害
14. custom 风俗
15. kiss 亲吻
16. greet 和……打招呼；迎接
17. capital 首都；省会
18. noon 正午
19. mad 很生气；疯的
20. passport 护照
21. season 季节
22. knock 敲；击
23. worth 值得；有……价值（的）
24. manner 方式；礼仪
25. empty 空的；空洞的
26. exchange 交换
27. except 除……之外
词汇拓展
1. prefer（v.）→ preferred （过去式/过去分词）更喜欢
2. Australia（n.）→ Australian （n. & adj.）澳大利亚人；澳大利亚的，澳大利亚人的
8. pain（n.）→ painful （adj.）痛苦的
9. perform（v.）→ performance （n.）表演；演出
10. total（n. & adj.）→ totally （adv.）
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3. electricity（n.）→ electronic （adj.）电子的；电子设备的
4. direct（v.）→ director （n.）导演；部门负责人
5. stick（v.）→ stuck （过去式/过去分词）
→ sticking （现在分词）粘贴；将……刺入
→ stick （n.）棍棒；球棍
6. shut（v.）→ shut （过去式/过去分词）
→ shutting （现在分词）关闭；关上
7. sad（adj.）→ sadness （n.）悲伤；悲痛
→ sadder （比较级）更悲伤
→ sadly （adv.）悲哀地；伤心地
全部地；整个地
11. relax（v.）→ relaxed （adj.）放松的；自在的
→ relaxing （adj.）轻松的；令人放松的
12. value（v. & n.）→ valuable （adj.）贵重的；宝贵的
13. north（adj. & adv. & n.）→ northern （adj.）北方的；北部的
14. base（n.）→ basic （adj.）基本的；基础的
15. behave（v.）→ behavior （n.）行为；举止
16. suggest（v.）→ suggestion （n.）建议
17. east（adj. & adv. & n.）→ eastern （adj.）东方的；东部的
中考词组短语
词 组
1. in that case既然那样
2. plenty of大量
3. once in a while偶尔地
4. look up查阅；抬头看
17. too scared to watch them alone
感到太害怕而不敢单独观看
18. get married结婚
19. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
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5. in total总共
6. after all毕竟
7. get mad生气；恼火
8. clean...off把……擦掉
9. take off脱下；起飞
10. go out of one’s way特地
11. make sb. feel at home使（某人）感到宾至如归
12. get/be used to sth. 习惯于某事
13. sing along with the music随着音乐唱
14. dance to the music随音乐起舞
15. try one’s best to do... 尽某人最大努力做……
16. feel even sadder甚至感到更悲伤
20. shake hands握手
21. be invited to a party被邀请去参加聚会
22. hold out my hand伸出我的手
23. on both sides of my face在我的双颊上
24. be relaxed about... 对……宽松的
25. rush around四处奔忙
26. at noon在中午
27. be worth doing... 值得做……
28. stick your chopsticks into the food
把你的筷子插进食物中
29. talk to me in French用法语和我交谈
30. have a safe trip祝一路平安
中考句型回顾
书面表达素材
1. 谈论喜好（音乐和电影）
①While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending on how I feel that day.
尽管有些人坚持只看一种类型的电影，但我喜欢看不同类型的，这取决于我那一天的心情。
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②I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy watching an exciting superhero who always saves the world just in time .
我可以只停止思考，坐下来，欣赏一个总是及时拯救世界的令人兴奋的超级英雄。
③The music was strangely beautiful, but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain .
这个音乐有着奇特的美感，但是在美感之下我感受到了很强的悲伤与痛苦。
④It has become one of China’s national treasures .
它已经变成中国的民族瑰宝之一。
2. 礼仪习俗
① Another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit.
另一个例子就是，不应该用手吃除了面包以外的任何东西，甚至水果也不行。
②We often just drop by our friends’ homes if we have time.
如果有时间，我们通常也只是顺便到朋友家拜访。
③So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.
所以当我与朋友见面时，我尽力做到准时。
④In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands. 在许多东欧国家，在握手前你应该摘下手套。
⑤Different countries have different customs . When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
不同国家有不同习俗，要入乡随俗。
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语法精萃
① It’s very impolite to keep others waiting.
让别人一直等着是很不礼貌的。（It is+adj.+to do）
②—What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time in Japan? 在日本你第一次见人该做什么？
—I’m supposed to bow. I’m not supposed to kiss. 我应该鞠躬。我不应该亲吻。（be supposed to）
③I love music that/which I can sing along with. 我喜欢可以跟着一起唱的音乐。（定语从句修饰物）
④She prefers musicians who play different kinds of music.
她更喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。（定语从句修饰人）
课堂突破
中考重点单词与短语
一、full的用法
【例句展示】
Another thing is that it is very rude to say you are full.
还有就是说你饱了是很粗鲁的。
【精讲辨析】
1. full作形容词，意为“满的；饱的”。be full of=be filled
with充满；to the full充分地。
2. fill作动词，意为“装满；填满”。fill sth. with sth.用……装满……；fill in/out填写。
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【活学活用】
用适当的词填空。
I can’t eat any more food, because I am__________ .
二、point的用法
【例句展示】
1. Lily pointed at the clothes and asked me to try them on.
莉莉指着衣服让我试穿一下。
2. The girl pointed to the west and told me the way to the park.
那女孩指向西边，告诉我去公园的路。
3. That is an important point.
那是一个重点。
4. Do you have a knife with a sharper point?
你有再锋利一点的刀吗？
【精讲辨析】
1. point作不及物动词时，常接介词at来表示“指向”，也可以用point to表达。但两者的用法有区别：point at侧重表示指向距离较近的事物，at是介词，着重于指的对象；point to则侧重表示指向距离较远的事物，to是介词，着重于指的方向，如例句1和2。
2. point作名词时有多种意义，意为“要点；分数；尖；尖端”等，如例句3和4。
【活学活用】
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. It is impolite to__________ （指） at anyone with your chopsticks while eating meals.
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2. These are the__________ we want to discuss.
三、after all的用法
【例句展示】
We’re the land of watches, after all!
毕竟我们是钟表之国！
【精讲辨析】
1. after all意为“毕竟；终究；到底”。位于句首，含“别忘了……”的意思，用来说服或提醒对方。如：
Don’t lose heart. After all, you have tried your best.
别灰心。毕竟你尽力了。
2. after all放在句末，表示与预期的情况相反或说话人意思的转折。如：
I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all.
我原以为这次考试要不及格，没想到我终究还是及格了。
【活学活用】
用适当的短语填空。
Don’t do that silly thing again, young man!__________, you’re not a child any longer.
四、prefer的用法
【例句展示】
There’s coffee and tea. Which would you prefer?
有咖啡和茶。你喜欢哪一种？
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【精讲辨析】
1. prefer sth. 相当于like sth. better，意为“更喜欢某物”。prefer的过去式（分词）及-ing形式分别为preferred, preferring。
2. prefer to do sth. 意为“宁愿做某事”（强调特定的或某次具体的动作，即在一定的场合宁愿做什么）。
3. prefer...to...意为“比起……更喜欢……；喜欢……而不喜欢……”，prefer后面的词为喜欢或愿意做的事，接在to后面的词为不喜欢或不愿意做的事。这里的to为介词。如：
I prefer fish to meat.
我喜欢吃鱼，不喜欢吃肉。
4. prefer doing...意为“宁愿做……”（强调一般性倾向，即对某种行为的“偏爱”）。如：
He preferred reading at home on rainy days.
下雨天他宁愿待在家里看书。
5. prefer sb. to do...意为“宁愿/更希望某人做……”。如：
We prefer you to stay for dinner.
我们希望你留下来吃晚饭。
6. prefer to do...rather than do...为动词短语，相当于would rather do...than do...,意为“喜欢……而不喜欢……；宁愿做……而不愿做……”，虽然没有明显的比较级，但具有比较意味。如：
I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.
我宁愿步行到那儿而不愿乘公共汽车去。
【活学活用】
根据汉语意思翻译句子。
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1. 雨下得很大。我宁愿待在家，也不愿出去。
It’s raining heavily. I prefer__________ at home__________ going out.
2. 网球和乒乓球，你更喜欢哪一个？
Which do you__________ , tennis or table tennis?
五、be supposed to的用法
【例句展示】
1. We are supposed to help each other.
我们应该互相帮助。
2. I don’t suppose that the train will arrive on time.
我认为火车不会按时到达。
【精讲辨析】
1. be supposed to相当于should，意为“应该”。
2. suppose+that从句，意为“认为；猜想”。用法相当于think，当主句的主语是第一人称时，从句的否定前移。
【活学活用】
用适当的词填空。
You were__________ to close the window. Why were two of you so careless?
六、“不定代词+形容词”的用法
【例句展示】
1. I have something important to tell you.
我有些重要的事情要告诉你。
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2. There is nothing delicious to eat.
没有什么可口的东西吃。
3. Do you have anything else to say for yourself?
你还有其他要为自己说的吗？
【精讲辨析】
当形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词的后面。如：something interesting有趣的事情。interesting是形容词，something是不定代词。
【活学活用】
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. CCTV-10 often plays__________ （新的事物） around the world. It can help us learn more about not only nature but also different cultures and customs.
2. Would you like____________________ （喝些甜的东西）?
中考重点句型
一、I find it difficult to remember everything.
我发现要记住每件事情有困难。
【例句展示】
1. He finds watching English movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.
他发现看英语电影使人沮丧，因为剧中的人说得太快。
2. She found a purse lying on the ground.
她发现地上有一只钱包。
3. You can find the bookstore on your right.
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你会发现这个书店在你的右边。
4. I find it interesting to talk with you.
我发现跟你交谈很有趣。
【归纳提高】
1. find sb./sth.+adj.发现某人/物怎么样。
2. find sb./sth. doing sth.发现某人/物正在做……。
3. find sb./sth.+介词短语，发现某人/物在……。
4. find it+adj.+to do sth.发现做某事是怎么样的。其中it是形式宾语，不定式to do sth. 作真正的宾语。
【活学活用】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
There are not enough people. I find it difficult （finish） the work in a week.
二、I love music that I can sing along with.
我喜欢可以跟着一起唱的音乐。
【例句展示】
I like music （that） I can dance to.
我喜欢可以随之起舞的音乐。
【归纳提高】
1. that I can sing along with是定语从句，引导词that（which）在从句中作宾语可以省略。
2. along with相当于together with，表示“伴随着……”。
3. 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，因此称之为定语从句。
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先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）和关系副词（where, when, why）。
注：初中阶段只学习who作主语，that, which作主语和宾语的情况。当定语从句所修饰的名词是人时，用who, that；所修饰的名词是物或事时，用which, that。
【活学活用】
用适当的关系词填空。
1. There will be a stamp show in the museum__________ we visited last week.
2. —Do you know the woman__________ is in a red coat?
—Yes, she’s our English teacher.
3. Many young people prefer the songs__________ have great lyrics.
三、It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.
对某人来说做某事是……
【例句展示】
When we see each other, it’s polite for boys to shake hands and for girls to kiss each other on the side of the face.
当我们见面时，对男孩来说握手是有礼貌的，对女孩来说在脸颊上亲一下是有礼貌的。
【归纳提高】
It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事是……”，用来表达对某事的看法；It is+形容词+of sb. to do sth.意为“某人做某事是……”，用来表达对某人的评价。如：
①It is hard for me to learn English well.
对我来说学好英语很难。
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②It is nice of you to invite me to your party.
你邀请我参加你的派对，你太好了。
注：for sb.与of sb.的辨别方法：
1. for sb.句型中的形容词一般用表示客观形式的形容词，如：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等；of sb.句型中的形容词一般用表示人物的性格、品德，或表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如：good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right等。
2. of sb.句型中sb.为此句的逻辑主语，且此句可转换为动词不定式作状语的句子，如：It is nice of you to invite me to your party. =You are nice to invite me to your party.，for sb.句型则不能做此转换。
【活学活用】
用适当的词填空。
1. It is nice__________ you to help me out of the trouble.
2. It is easy__________ you to learn how to swim.
中考词语辨析
一、except与besides
【例句展示】
1. Everyone else in my class was invited except me,and I don’t know why.
全班除了我以外其他人都被邀请了，我不知道为什么。
2. There are many people visiting the museum besides us.
除了我们外，还有很多人参观博物馆。
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【辨异突破】
1. except指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“撇开……不谈”。
2. besides指包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”，可以理解为“除……之外还……”。
【活学活用】
用except或besides填空。
1. Last Sunday Class Three went to the farm__________Joan. She had to look after her sister at home.
2.__________ English, they have to learn another foreign language.
二、used to do sth., be used to （doing） sth. 与be used to do sth.
【例句展示】
1. He used to go to sleep at 9 o’clock in the evening.
他过去常常在晚上9点钟睡觉。
2. He is used to going to sleep early.
他习惯于早睡。
3. Wood is used to make houses.
木材被用来造房子。
【辨异突破】
1. used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，只用于过去时态。
2. be used to （doing） sth. 意为“习惯于（做）某事”，可用于现在、过去、将来等多种时态。
3. be used to do sth. 意为“被用于做某事”，是被动语态，不定式表示目的，用于多种时态。
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【活学活用】
用used to或be used to填空。
1. —My aunt goes to climb mountains every Sunday.
—Oh? But she__________ hate climbing mountains.
2. The machine__________ make noodles.
三、valuable与worth
【例句展示】
1. Her grandmother left her a valuable ring.
她奶奶留给她一个贵重的戒指。
2. This experience is valuable to me.
这段经历对我很有价值。
3. It’s worth our work.
这事值得我们付出劳动。
4. The book is well worth reading.
这本书很值得一读。
【辨异突破】
1. valuable常指物质金钱方面，强调贵重、珍贵。be
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valuable for/to sb. 表示“对某人有价值”。
2. worth既指物质上的，也指精神上的，强调价值。be worth+n. 表示“值得……”；sth. be worth doing表示“某事值得被做”。
【活学活用】
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. There is nothing__________ （有价值的） in the bag.
2. The film is__________ （值得的） seeing.
中考写作突破
文化习俗篇
【话题解读】
命题者往往就不同国家的文化习俗设题，内容包括传统节日、餐桌礼仪、问候、道别、生活习惯、业余爱好、学习方式等，此类试题常以表格要点提示或来信询问等方式来考查学生，文章常用一般现在时态。
【常见表达】
1. It’s very impolite to keep others waiting.
2. You’re supposed to shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.
3. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.
4. It is helpful to learn as many of their customs as possible.
5. It is one of the most important festivals in China.
6. People usually celebrate this festival by dressing up as ghosts.
7. When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
【典型例题】
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（山东德州中考）假如你叫张明，你的外国朋友John发来邮件，请你介绍中国的传统节日。请根据表格内容提示及要求给他写一封80—100词的回信。
Festivals
Time
Food
Activities
Meanings
1
the Lantern Festival
in January or February
Yuanxiao
watch lantern showsanddragon dances
pray for health and happiness for the whole year
2
the Mid-Autumn Festival
in the middle of autumn
mooncakes
watch the moon; tellthe story of Chang’e
celebrate harvest; get together with the family
3
...
...
...
...
...
参考词汇：pray for祈求；harvest丰收
要求：（1）描述节日1和节日2，并自主选择节日3进行介绍，包括节日名称、时间、美食、活动方式及意义等；（2）语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；（3）文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称；（4）文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
From
Zhang Ming
To
John
Subject
An Introduction of Chinese Festivals
Dear John,
Glad to receive your e-mail. You asked me about festivals in China. Let me introduce some important ones to you.
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First of all, I want to introduce the Lantern Festival. It comes in January or February.
Can you tell me something about the festivals in your country? I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【范文展示】
From
Zhang Ming
To
John
Subject
An Introduction of Chinese Festivals
Dear John,
Glad to receive your e-mail. You asked me aboutfestivals in China. Let me introduce some important ones to you.
First of all, I want to introduce the Lantern Festival. It comes in January or February. On that day, we eat yuanxiao, go to watch lantern shows and dragon dances to pray for health and happiness for the whole year.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is in the middle of autumn. It is a time for the family to get together and celebrate harvest. At night, the whole family eat delicious mooncakes and tell the story of Chang’e while watching the big bright moon.
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The Spring Festival is the most important for us Chinese. It’s the beginning of a new year. We usually eat dumplings, meat and some other nice food. To welcome the new year, we do some cleaning, buy new clothes, set off fireworks and visit our relatives. Everyone, young or old, has a happy smile on their faces.
Can you tell me something about the festivals in your country? I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【亮点点评】
这篇短文根据提示依次介绍了三个节日的时间，节日饮食，活动方式，及节日对人们的意义。在描写中对相似内容作者运用了不同句式，如：It comes in January or February.; The Mid-Autumn Festival is in the middle of autumn.; It’s the beginning of a new year.; On that day, we eat yuanxiao, go to watch lantern shows and dragon dances to pray for health and happiness for the whole year.; It is a time for the family to get together and celebrate harvest.; The Spring Festival is the most important for us Chinese.等。短文句式灵活多变，内容丰富。
当堂检测
一、根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子。
1. Switzerland is the__________ （都城） of watches.
2. The guide told us to take care of our__________ （护照） during traveling abroad.
3. You are__________ to（应该） say “Hello” to him first.
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4. Different countries have different__________ （习俗）.
5. The two old friends embraced（拥抱） and__________ （亲） each other on both cheeks.
6. The sunlight was__________ （反射） from the water.
7. He__________ （更喜欢） to dance when he was young.
8. He__________ （关闭） the door and went out.
9. He__________ （坚持） to the task until it was finished.
10. I like singers with__________ （悦耳的） voices.
11. The pictures made me r__________ the old days.
12. If you get injured and feel some p__________, you should stop exercising.
13. He wrote many beautiful pieces of music during hisl__________.
14. The teacher p__________ his students for their good behavior.
15. It is a p__________ that I missed the train.
二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
plenty except season worth value
1. If you__________ your health, you had better go to bed early every night.
2. Northern China is usually dry, you should drink of water every day.
3. This Korean restaurant is well__________ visiting. I have been there many times.
4. Vicky gets sick, so she doesn’t eat anything for the whole day__________ for some vegetable salad.
5. There are four__________ in a year, and each season has its own beauty.
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三、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The book mainly talks about the life of__________（Australia）.
2. Bob gets some useful__________ （suggest） from Tom when he gets into trouble.
3. Do you know who the__________ （direct） of this movie is.
4. In many__________ （east） countries, people prefer drinking tea to drinking coffee.
5. It’s important for us__________ （behave） politely in public.
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参考答案
课堂突破
【中考重点单词与短语】
一、full
二、1. point 2. points
三After all
四、1. staying, to 2. prefer
五、supposed
六、1. something new 2. something sweet to drink
【中考重点句型】
一、to finish
二、1. which/that 2. who/that 3. that/which
三、1. of 2. for
【中考词语辨析】
一、1. except 2. Besides
二、1. used to 2. is used to
三、1. valuable 2. worth
当堂检测
一、1. capital 2. passports 3. supposed 4. customs
5. kissed 6. reflected 7. preferred 8. shut
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9. stuck 10. smooth 11. recall 12. pain
13. lifetime 14. praised 15. pity
二、1. value 2. plenty 3. worth 4. except
5. seasons
三、1. Australians 2. suggestions 3. director 4. eastern
5. to behave
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