2019届中考英语复习第一篇语言基础知识训练(共63套)
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第9课 八上 Units 9—10‎ 课前预热 中考词汇拓展 重点易错单词 ‎1. exam 考试 ‎2. available 有空的;可获得的 ‎3. until 直到……为止 ‎4. accept 接受 ‎5. refuse 拒绝 ‎6. weekday 工作日 ‎7. surprised 惊奇的;感到意外的 ‎8. concert 音乐会 ‎9. guest 客人;贵宾 ‎10. upset 难过的;沮丧的 ‎11. teenager 青少年 ‎12. unless 除非 ‎13. wallet 钱包 ‎14. mile 英里 ‎15. understanding 善解人意的 ‎16. trust 相信;信任 ‎17. experience 经验;经历 词汇拓展 ‎1. prepare(v.)→ preparation (n.)准备;准备工作 ‎2. hang(v.)→ hung (过去式/过去分词)悬挂;垂下 ‎3. catch(v.)→ caught (过去式/过去分词)及时赶上;接住;抓住 ‎4. invite(v.)→ invitation (n.)邀请;请柬 ‎5. accept(v.)→ refuse (反义词)拒绝 ‎6. print(v.)→ printed (过去式/过去分 ‎12. advice(n.)→ advise (v.)建议;劝告;忠告 ‎13. travel(v.)→ traveled/travelled (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎→ traveling/travelling (现在分词)旅行;游历 ‎14. normal(adj.)→ normally (adv.)通常;正常地 ‎15. certain(adj.)→ certainly (adv.)无疑;肯定;当然;行 19‎ 词)打印;印刷 ‎→ printer (n.)打印机;印刷厂;印刷工人 ‎7. sad(adj.)→ sadly (adv.)悲哀地 ‎→ sadness (n.)悲哀;忧伤;忧愁 ‎8. with(prep.)→ without (反义词)没有;不(做某事)‎ ‎9. open(v.)→ close (反义词)关闭 ‎→ open (adj.)开着的 ‎→ opening (n.)开幕式;落成典礼 ‎10. organize(v.)→ organized (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎→ organizing (现在分词)组织;筹备 ‎→ organization (n.)组织;机构;团体 ‎11. he(pron.)→ him (人称代词宾格)他 ‎→ his (形容词性物主代词)他的 ‎→ his (名词性物主代词)他的 ‎→ himself (反身代词)他自己 ‎16. angry(adj.)→ angrily (adv.)愤怒地;生气地 ‎17. understand(v.)→ understood (过去式/过去分词)理解;懂 ‎→ understanding (adj. & n.)善解人意的;体谅人的;谅解;理解 ‎18. solve(v.)→ solved (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎→ solving (现在分词)解决;解答 ‎→ solution (n.)解决方案 ‎19. experience(n.)→ experiences (pl.)经历 ‎→ experienced (adj.)熟练的;富有经验的 中考词组短语 词 组 ‎1. another time别的时间 ‎16. ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 19‎ ‎2. hang out闲逛 ‎3. the day before yesterday前天 ‎4. the day after tomorrow后天 ‎5. look after照顾 ‎6. turn down an invitation拒绝邀请 ‎7. take a trip去旅行 ‎8. look forward to sth./doing sth. 期待(做)某事 ‎9. hear from收到(某人的)信 ‎10. keep to oneself保守秘密 ‎11. in half分成两半 ‎12. have the flu患流感 ‎13. go bike riding骑车兜风 ‎14. think of games to play 想出可玩的游戏 ‎15. so that以便 ‎17. take a taxi坐出租车 ‎18. travel around the world周游世界 ‎19. make a lot of money赚很多钱 ‎20. get an education受教育 ‎21. have problems with有……困难 ‎22. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 ‎23. keep thinking一直想着 ‎24. make careless mistakes犯粗心的错误 ‎25. be more careful更仔细的 ‎26. feel the same way as sb. 与某人的感受一样 ‎27. be halfway to (doing) sth. 完成了或做了某事的一部分 中考句型回顾 书面表达素材 ‎1. 邀请 ‎①I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library at No. 9 High School.‎ 我想邀请你来参加第9中学新图书馆的落成典礼。‎ ‎②Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday.‎ 19‎ 请在周五前以书面形式对此邀请作出回复。‎ ‎③I look forward to hearing from you all.‎ 我期待收到你们所有人的来信。‎ ‎④I’m glad to help out with any of the party preparation.‎ 我很乐意分担聚会的任何准备工作。‎ ‎⑤I have to prepare for an exam. 我必须为考试作准备。‎ ‎2. 作决定 ‎①I’m not sure how to go to the party. 我还不确定怎样去参加聚会。‎ ‎② If I walk, it will take me too long. 如果我走着去,那将花费我太多时间。‎ ‎③ Unless we talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse.‎ 除非我们找人聊聊,否则我们一定会感到更糟糕的。‎ ‎④In English, we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. ‎ 在英语中,我们说与人分担一个烦恼就像把烦恼分成两半。‎ 语法精萃 ‎① If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, he’ll go fishing. ‎ 如果明天不下雨,他将去钓鱼。(if引导的条件状语从句,要体现主将从现)‎ ‎②We might have to meet their friend. ‎ 我们可能将不得不去见他们的朋友。(情态动词might表可能)‎ 情景交际 ‎①— Can you come to my party on Saturday? ‎ 你周六能来我的聚会吗?‎ ‎—Sure, I’d love to. ‎ 19‎ 当然,我很乐意。‎ ‎—Sorry/I’m afraid not/I’m not available(free). I have to study for a math test.‎ 抱歉/恐怕不行/我没空。我不得不为数学考试而学习。‎ ‎②— What’s today? ‎ 今天几号,星期几?‎ ‎—It’s Monday, the 14th. ‎ 今天14号,星期一。‎ 课堂突破 中考重点单词与短语 一、around的用法 ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. I usually get up at around 6:15.‎ 我通常大约6:15起床。‎ ‎2. When I get to a new city, I like to walk around the city first.‎ 当我到达一个新城市,我喜欢先逛逛这个城市。‎ ‎【精讲辨析】‎ ‎1. around作副词,意为“大约”,相当于about。‎ ‎2. around作介词,意为“绕着”。‎ 相关短语:around the world全世界;look around环顾四周。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 19‎ 根据汉语意思翻译句子。‎ ‎1. 昨晚飞机大约8:30起飞。‎ The plane took off at_________ 8:30 last night.‎ ‎2. 她四周看看,像是在寻找什么东西。‎ She looked_________ as if she was looking for something.‎ 二、else的用法 ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. What else did you do?‎ 你还做了什么事情?‎ ‎2. Would you like something else?‎ 你还想要些别的东西吗?‎ ‎3. Where else shall we go?‎ 我们还去其他地方吗?‎ ‎【精讲辨析】‎ else表示“其他的;别的;还”,通常用于疑问词和something, anything, nothing, nobody等不定代词之后。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 根据汉语提示完成句子。‎ There is nothing_________ (别的) except two eggs in the fridge.‎ 三、unless的用法 ‎【例句展示】‎ 19‎ ‎1. Unless we talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse.‎ 如果我们不与人聊聊,肯定会感觉更糟。‎ ‎2. I won’t go to the party unless I hear from her.‎ 我将不去参加聚会,除非我收到她的来信。‎ ‎3. You’ll be late unless you hurry up.‎ ‎=You’ll be late if you don’t hurry up.‎ 如果你不快点儿,你将会迟到。‎ ‎【精讲辨析】‎ ‎1. unless作连词,意为“除非……;如果不……;除了……”,引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎2. unless可与if引导的否定条件状语从句进行同义句转换。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 用适当的连词填空。‎ ‎—May I go to Jinbao Park with you next Sunday?‎ ‎—No, you can’t_________ you have a ticket. I have only one ticket.‎ 四、leave的用法 ‎【例句展示】‎ He is leaving here the first week in June and staying there until September.‎ 他将在六月的第一周离开,而且将待在那里直到九月。‎ ‎【精讲辨析】‎ ‎1. leave作及物动词,其用法有:‎ ‎(1)表示“离开”。其延续性表达为:be away。如:‎ 19‎ The Greens will leave Beijing for London next week.‎ 格林一家下星期将离开北京去伦敦。‎ ‎(2)表示“留下”。后接地点,意为“把某物忘在某地”。但区别于forget, forget不与地点连用。如:‎ I left my notebook in the dormitory.‎ 我把笔记本忘在宿舍里了。‎ ‎(3)表示“剩下”。如:‎ How much time is there left?‎ 还剩下多少时间?‎ ‎2. leave作不及物动词,意为“去;出发”。如:‎ It’s time for us to leave. 我们该走了。‎ ‎3. 相关短语:leave for动身去……;leave by oneself把某人单独留下;leave a message留口信。‎ ‎4. 其过去式和过去分词都为left。left还可作形容词,意为“左边(的)”。如:turn left左转; on the left在左边 ‎5. leaves还是名词leaf(树叶)的复数形式。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 用适当的词或短语填空。‎ ‎1. I_________ my science book in the library yesterday.‎ ‎2. Sorry, I_________ your e-mail address, please tell me again.‎ ‎3. He_________ from his hometown for ten years.‎ ‎4. Don’t worry. There are still twenty minutes_________ .‎ 19‎ 中考重点句型 一、If you go to the party, you will have a great time.‎ 如果你去聚会的话,你会玩得很开心。‎ ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. If it rains, we will stay at home.‎ 如果下雨,我们将待在家里。‎ ‎2. I don’t know if he will come.‎ 我不知道他是否会来。‎ ‎【归纳提高】‎ ‎1. 当if意为“如果”时,引导的是条件状语从句,若主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。‎ ‎2. 当if意为“是否”时,引导的是宾语从句,从句时态根据事实判断。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. If our government_________ (not pay) attention to controlling food safety now, our health_________ (be) in danger.‎ ‎2. I wonder if Jim_________ to the party next Friday. If he_________ , I’ll come, too. (come)‎ 二、What’s today? ‎ 今天几月几日,星期几?‎ ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎—What’s today?‎ 19‎ 今天几月几日,星期几?‎ ‎—It’s Tuesday, May 18th.‎ ‎5月18日,星期二。‎ ‎【归纳提高】‎ ‎1. What’s today? 询问几号、星期几。‎ ‎2. What’s the date today? 询问几号。‎ ‎3. What day...? 询问星期几。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 根据答句完成问句。‎ ‎1. —_________ ?‎ ‎—It’s Sunday, the third.‎ ‎2. —_________ today?‎ ‎—It’s November 10th.‎ ‎3. —_________ it today?‎ ‎—It’s Friday.‎ 三、Can you come to my party?‎ 你能来参加我的聚会吗?‎ ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. —Can you come to my home for dinner?‎ 你能来我家吃晚饭吗?‎ ‎—I’m sorry. I can’t.‎ 19‎ 很抱歉,我不能来。‎ ‎2. —Could you go shopping with me?‎ 你能和我一起去购物吗?‎ ‎—Sure, I’d love to.‎ 当然可以,我很乐意。‎ ‎【归纳提高】‎ Can you...? 意为“你能……吗”,表示客气地请求某人做某事。接受邀请常用I would(I’d) love to.或者Certainly.等为应答。如有事不能接受邀请,则用I’m sorry./Sorry, I can’t.或I’m sorry. I have to...或I’m afraid not. I must...或I’m not available/free. I have to...。在这种句式中,用could比can语气更委婉,显得更有礼貌,而用can则较随便。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 根据汉语意思翻译句子。‎ 彼得,你能到楼下来帮我一把吗?‎ 好的,妈妈。我来了。‎ ‎—Peter,_________ come downstairs and do me a favor?‎ ‎—Yes, Mom. I_________ .‎ 中考词语辨析 一、hear, hear of/about与hear from ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. I often hear him sing in the next room.‎ 19‎ 我常听他在隔壁唱歌。‎ ‎2. I heard that he would come to China next Monday.‎ 我听说他下星期一会来中国。‎ ‎3. I don’t know the writer, but I have heard of/about him.‎ 我不认识这位作家,但是听说过他。‎ ‎4. I haven’t heard from him for a long time.‎ 我好长时间没收到他的来信了。‎ ‎【辨异突破】‎ ‎1. hear意为“听见”。相关短语:hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事;hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事。‎ ‎2. hear+that从句,表示直接听到或听说。‎ ‎3. hear from意为“收到……的来信”,同义短语:get a letter from sb.或receive a letter from sb.。‎ ‎4. hear about/of意为“听说;得知”,有时可通用。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 根据汉语提示完成句子。‎ ‎1. Listen!Can you hear anybody_________ (玩耍) basketball outside?‎ ‎2. I_________ (听说) they will have seven days off next week.‎ ‎3. The man was_________ (听见) to argue with his wife last night.‎ ‎4. We’re all glad to_________ (听说) your success.‎ ‎5. I_________ (收到来信) him yesterday.‎ 19‎ ‎6. I have never_________ (得知) the place.‎ 二、see sb. do sth.与see sb. doing sth.‎ ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. I saw him come into the classroom.‎ 我看到他走进了教室。‎ ‎2. I saw him cleaning the blackboard.‎ 我看到他正在擦黑板。‎ ‎【辨异突破】‎ ‎1. see sb. do sth.意为“看到某人做某事”,指动作的全过程,do是动词原形,作宾语的补足语。常与often搭配。‎ ‎2. see sb. doing sth.意为“看到某人正在做某事”,doing作宾语的补足语,表示动作正在进行。常与just now,when I passed等连用。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. When I passed his room, I saw him_________(play) the violin.‎ ‎2. I often see some boys_________ (play) soccer in the park.‎ 三、advice与suggestion ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. Here’s a piece of advice for you.‎ 这儿有一条给你的建议。‎ ‎2. He made a good suggestion at the meeting.‎ 19‎ 他在会议上提出了一个好的建议。‎ ‎【辨异突破】‎ advice和suggestion都意为“建议”。advice是不可数名词;suggestion是可数名词。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 用advice或suggestion的适当形式填空。‎ Could you give me some_________ ?‎ 四、at the end of, in the end与by the end of ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. At the end of this term, we will have a big exam.‎ 这学期结束时,我们将有一次大型考试。‎ ‎2. They succeeded in the end.‎ 他们最后成功了。‎ ‎3. Our school will be a modern one by the end of 2015.‎ 到2015年末,我们学校将会成为一所现代化的学校。‎ ‎【辨异突破】‎ ‎1. at the end of在……末端;在……结束时。既表示时间又表示位置。‎ ‎2. in the end最终;最后。相当于at last或finally。‎ ‎3. by the end of到……末;到……末为止。主要表示时间,常与完成时态连用。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 用at the end of, in the end或by the end of填空。‎ ‎1. You will see the post office_________ the road.‎ 19‎ ‎2. We had planted 10,000 trees_________ last year.‎ ‎3._________ , they reached a place of safety.‎ 五、travel, journey, trip与tour ‎【例句展示】‎ ‎1. I’m going to travel to Africa.‎ 我打算到非洲旅行。(作动词)‎ ‎2. He came home after years of foreign travel.‎ 在国外旅行多年之后他回来了。(作名词)‎ ‎3. They decided to take a train journey.‎ 他们决定坐火车旅行。(作名词)‎ ‎4. I enjoyed our trip to the seaside.‎ 我很喜欢那次到海边的旅行。(作名词)‎ ‎5. They are on a wedding tour.‎ 他们正在新婚旅行。(作名词)‎ ‎【辨异突破】‎ ‎1. travel常指远距离旅行或国外旅行,既可作动词,又可作名词。作动词时,常用词组为travel to...。‎ ‎2. journey常指远距离的陆地旅行,多用作名词。‎ ‎3. trip常指短距离的旅行。‎ ‎4. tour常指观光、考察等环游旅行。既可作名词,也可作动词。‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 19‎ 根据汉语提示完成句子。‎ ‎1. Last year I_________ (旅游) to Hainan with my family.‎ ‎2. After a long_________ (行程), they get very tired.‎ ‎3. How was your school_________ (郊游)?‎ ‎4. He_________ (环游) America last year.‎ 当堂检测 一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。‎ ‎ normal invite mistake without he ‎ ‎1. Thanks for the_________ to your house-warming party.‎ ‎2. Sam got up so late that he hurried to school_________breakfast this morning.‎ ‎3. She made a lot of_________ in her English homework.‎ ‎4. He made a beautiful birthday card for_________ yesterday.‎ ‎5. The journey to the lake_________ takes about two hours.‎ 二、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。‎ ‎ A man arrived at a small village after a long trip. He was tired and hungry for days because he was so 1_________(粗心的) that he lost his 2_________(钱包) two days ago. He had no money to buy food. He felt 3_________(沮丧的) when he saw the only thing he had—a cooking pot. “I might die of hunger(饥饿) 4_________(除非) I could find some food,” he thought.‎ Then he made a fire and started to cook soup with some water and a small round stone(石头). A few villagers saw that and felt strange. One asked, “What are you doing?”‎ ‎“I’m cooking stone soup,” said the man. He told the villagers that he was an 5_________(专家) on outdoor survival(生存) skills and he had walked hundreds 19‎ ‎ of6_________(英里). Then he tasted his soup and said, “Oh, it’s good, but it could be better with some salt. Could you bring me some salt, please?”‎ ‎“7_________(当然),” a man said and went back home. A few minutes later, he came back with some salt.‎ Then the man told them some interesting 8_________(经历) he had and said that some carrots would make the soup more delicious. Of course he got some carrots.‎ The man 9_________(保持) talking and casually(不经意地) asked for onions, some meat, potatoes to bring out the flavor(味道) of the soup. All the villagers 10_________(相信) him.‎ Finally, the soup was ready and everyone enjoyed the soup that was started with a stone.‎ 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. He is_________ (prepare) for the math test tomorrow.‎ ‎2. I asked him to come to my party, but he_________(refuse).‎ ‎3. My brother was_________ at the_________ news. (surprise)‎ ‎4. Have you_________ (hear) from your aunt yet?‎ ‎5. I’m looking forward to_________ (hang) out with you some day.‎ ‎6. As_________ (teenage), we should study hard to get good grades.‎ ‎7. You’re halfway to_________ (solve) a problem just by talking to someone about it.‎ ‎8. My teacher gave me much_________ (advise) on how to study English well when I had some trouble.‎ 参考答案 19‎ 课堂突破 ‎【中考重点单词与短语】 ‎ 一、1. around/about 2. around 二、else ‎ 三、unless 四、1. left 2. forget 3. has been away ‎ ‎4. left ‎【中考重点句型】 ‎ 一、1. doesn’t pay, will be 2. will come, comes 二、1. What’s today 2. What’s the date 3. What day is 三、can you, am coming ‎【中考词语辨析】 ‎ 一、1. playing 2. hear 3. heard 4. hear about/of ‎5. heard from 6. heard of/about 二、1. playing 2. play 三、advice/suggestions 四、1. at the end of 2. by the end of 3. In the end 五、1. traveled 2. journey 3. trip 4. toured 当堂检测 19‎ 一、1. invitation 2. without 3. mistakes 4. himself ‎5. normally ‎ 二、1. careless 2. wallet 3. upset 4. unless ‎ 5. expert 6. miles 7. Certainly 8. experiences ‎ ‎9. kept 10. believed/trusted ‎ 三、1. preparing 2. refused 3. surprised, surprising 4. heard 5. hanging 6. teenagers 7. solving ‎8. advice 19‎

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