第18课 九年级 Units 7—8
课前预热
中考词汇拓展
重点易错单词
1. smoke 冒烟；吸烟
2. part-time 兼职的
3. tiny 极小的
4. field 田野；场地
5. lift 举起；电梯
6. teen 青少年
7. poem 诗
8. community 社区
9. chance 机会
10. manage 完成（困难的事）
11. support 支持
12. enter 进来；进去
13. whose 谁的
14. truck 卡车
15. rabbit 兔；野兔
16. picnic 野餐
17. anybody 任何人
18. coat 外套
19. sleepy 困倦的
20. circle 圆圈；圈出
21. receive 接受；收到
22. land 着陆；降落
23. purpose 目的；目标
24. prevent 阻止；阻挠
25. position 位置；地方
26. victory 胜利；成功
27. enemy 敌人
词汇拓展
1. safe（adj.）→ safely （adv.）安全地
→ safety （n.）安全；安全性
2. regret（v. & n.）→ regretted （过去
8. value（v. & n.）→ valuable （adj.）贵重的；很有用的；宝贵的
9. noise（n.）→ noisy （adj.）吵闹的
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式/过去分词）感到遗憾；懊悔
→ regretting （现在分词）
→ regretful （adj.）后悔的
3. educate（v.）→ educated （过去式/过去分词）教育；教导
→ education （n.）教育
→ educational （adj.）教育的；有教育意义的
4. manage（v.）→ manager （n.）经理；经营者
5. society（n.）→ social （adj.）社会的
6. choose（v.）→ choice （n.）选择；挑选
→ chose （过去式）
→ chosen （过去分词）选择；选出
7. energy（n.）→ energetic （adj.）精力充沛的；充满活力的
10. wolf（n.）→ wolves （pl.）狼
11. sleep（v.）→ sleepy （adj.）困倦的；瞌睡的
→ asleep （adj.）睡着的
12. express（v.）→ expression （n.）词语；表达方式；表达
13. Britain（n.）→ British （adj.）英国的；英国人的
14. lead（v.）→ led （过去式/过去分词）领导；引导
→ leading （现在分词）
→ leader （n.）领导；领袖
15. medicine（n.）→ medicines （pl.）药品
→ medical （adj.）医疗的；医学的
16. policeman（n.）→ policemen （pl.）男警察
17. badly（adv.）→ bad （adj.）坏的；糟的
→ worse （比较级）更差的（地）
→ worst （最高级）最差的（地）
中考词组短语
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词 组
1. regret talking back后悔顶嘴
2. get in the way of... 挡……的路
3. not only...but also... 不但……而且……
4. get one’s driver’s license获得驾照
5. no way不行
6. sixteen-year-olds 16岁的青少年
7. be worried about your safety担心你的安全
8. get one’s ears pierced穿耳洞
9. stop doing sth. 停止做某事
10. be excited about... 对……感到兴奋
11. stay by my side待在我旁边
12. run through the field在田间奔跑
13. keep...away from... 使……远离……
14. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
15. pass the test通过考试
16. fail a math test数学考试不及格
17. take the test later参加补考
18. as much as possible尽可能多地
19. have nothing against sth./doing sth. 不反对（做）某事
21. disagree with不赞同
22. be kept off被关掉
23. teenagers under eighteen 18岁以下的青少年
24. belong to属于
25. at the picnic在野餐时
26. the rest of... 剩余的……
27. pick sth. up把某物捡起来
28. something unusual一些不寻常的事
29. run away逃跑
30. have fun doing... 做……有乐趣
31. make noise发出噪音
32. feel sleepy感到困倦
33. run after追赶
34. run to catch a bus跑去赶车
35. one of its greatest mysteries它最大的神秘之一
36. communicate with... 与……交流
37. point out提出
38. feel sb./sth. do... 感觉某人/某物做……
39. over a long period of time在很长的一段时
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20. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
期内
40. talk to sb. on the phone在电话上与某人交谈
中考句型回顾
书面表达素材
客观评价和合理抉择
①I think I should be allowed to make this choice myself.
我认为应该被允许自己做这个选择。
②I understand this, but I’m serious about running. 我理解这一点，但我对跑步是认真的。
③Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions .
父母应该给青少年自己做决定的机会。
④Their parents believe that they should be educated to take care of themselves from a young age.
他们的父母认为他们应该从小被教育自己照顾自己。
⑤Parents should not be too strict with teenagers.
父母不应该对青少年要求太严格。
⑥Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.
只有那时我才有机会实现我的梦想。
语法精萃
①I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
我认为16岁的青少年不应被允许开车。（含情态动词的被动语态）
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②It must be hers. It has her name on it.
这一定是她的。上面有她的名字。（must表肯定推测）
③I’m not sure. It could/might belong to him.
我不确定。这可能属于他。（could/might表不确定的推测）
④The man can’t be Mr. Green. He has gone to England.
这人不可能是格林先生。他已经去英国了。（can’t表否定推测）
课堂突破
中考重点单词与短语
一、allow的用法
【例句展示】
1. My parents allow me to see films with my friends on weekends.
我的父母允许我周末与朋友去看电影。
2. In our school, boys are not allowed to have long hair.
在我们学校，男生不允许留长发。
【精讲辨析】
1. allow作动词，意为“允许”。
2. allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。
3. be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事。
【活学活用】
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用allow的适当形式填空。
1. —My parents________ me to stay out before 10:00 p.m. at weekends.
—You are lucky. I must be back home at 9:00 p.m.
2. I think teenagers should________ choose their own clothes.
二、pick up的用法
【例句展示】
1. Would you mind picking it up?
你介意把它捡起来吗？
2. Could you pick me up at the station?
你能在车站捎上我吗？
【精讲辨析】
pick up为“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语时应放两词中间，意为“拾起；捡起；中途载客；收拾；整理”等。
【活学活用】
用适当的词填空。
Karin saw some waste paper. She it and threw it into the dustbin.
三、get sth. done的用法
【例句展示】
Anna wants to get her ears pierced.
安娜想去打耳洞。
【精讲辨析】
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1. “get+宾语+v.-ed”表示“使……被……”，可以自己做，也可请别人帮忙。其中v.-ed为过去分词作宾语补足语，和宾语之间为被动关系。如：
①You’d better go and get your hair cut. It’s too long.
你最好去把头发剪一下，太长了。
②There’s something wrong with my computer. I’ll get it fixed.
我的电脑出毛病了。我得请人修一下。
2. get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事，相当于have sb. do sth.。如：
①The boss always gets the workers to work day and night.
老板总是让工人们夜以继日地工作。
②I’ll have a worker water the plants this afternoon.
我今天下午要找人给这些植物浇水。
【活学活用】
用适当的词填空。
—There’s something wrong with the alarm clock. I think it needs________.
—Well, I’ll________ someone to mend it.
=Well, I’ll get it________.
四、in the way的用法
【例句展示】
1. I’m afraid your bike is in the way.
恐怕你的自行车挡道了。
2. But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of schoolwork...
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但有时，这些业余爱好会妨碍学业……
【精讲辨析】
1. 通过例句1我们知道，in the way意为“挡道”；通过例句2我们知道，get in the way of...意为“挡……的路；妨碍……”。
2. 由way构成的其他常见短语：on the/one’s way to sp.在（某人）去某地的路上；by the way顺便提一下，附带说说；in a way在某种程度上；in some ways在某些方面。
【活学活用】
用way的相关短语填空。
1.________, what is your favorite color?
2. I saw a car accident________ to school.
3. Your bag is________. Please move it.
五、regret的用法
【例句展示】
1. I regret talking back, not listening to Mom.
我懊悔（跟妈妈）顶嘴，不听妈妈的话。
2. If you don’t do it now, you’ll only regret it.
如果你现在不做，你一定会后悔的。
3. I deeply regret what I said.
我非常后悔说了那些话。
4. I regret telling her what I thought.
我为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
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5. I regret to have to do it, but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须做它，但我别无选择。
6. She expressed her regret at/over the decision.
她对这个决定表示懊悔。
【精讲辨析】
1. regret作及物动词，意为“遗憾；惋惜；懊悔”，其后可接名词、代词、that/what引导的从句、动词-ing形式或动词不定式作宾语。regret doing sth. 对做过的事感到遗憾、后悔（已做）；regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）。
2. regret还可作名词，意为“痛惜；懊悔；遗憾”。
【活学活用】
用regret的适当形式填空。
He really________ not helping him yesterday.
六、现在分词（v.-ing）作后置定语的用法
【例句展示】
1. When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side.
当我是一个整夜哭闹的小婴儿时，妈妈为我唱歌，并陪伴在我身边。
2. Do you know the boy riding a bike?
你认识那个骑自行车的男孩吗？
3. The lady standing by the window is my English teacher.
站在窗户边的那位女士是我的英语老师。
【精讲辨析】
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例句中的crying, riding, standing为现在分词作后置定语。
【活学活用】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
—Who’s the boy in a white T-shirt________（stand） under the tree?
—My friend.
中考重点句型
一、...should be allowed to...
……应该被允许……
【例句展示】
1. Linda is allowed to go out with her friends.
琳达可以跟她朋友们一同外出。
2. Students should be allowed to have part-time jobs.
学生应该被允许有兼职工作。
【归纳提高】
1. 概念：语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。语态分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态以动作的执行者充当句子的主语，被动语态则以动作的承受者充当主语。例句1中的is allowed是动词的被动语态形式，表示“被允许”。例句2中的should be allowed是含有情态动词的被动语态形式。
2. 被动语态结构如下：
肯定句式：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词
否定句式：主语+be+not+及物动词的过去分词
3. 含有情态动词的被动语态结构如下：
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肯定句式：主语+情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词
否定句式：主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词
【活学活用】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
Waste paper shouldn’t________（throw） everywhere. It’s our duty to keep the school clean.
二、It must belong to Carla.
这一定属于卡拉。
【例句展示】
1. The hair band belongs to Grace.
这根发带属于格蕾丝。
2. The red bicycle is my aunt’s.
这辆红色的自行车是我阿姨的。
【归纳提高】
belong作动词，意为“属于”。belong to sb.=be sb.’s。belong to没有被动语态，后面不能跟物主代词和名词所有格。
【活学活用】
A）句型转换。
1. The basket belongs to David. （改为同义句）
The basket is________.
B）用适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
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2. —Do you know________ this dictionary belongs to?
—Let me see. Oh, it’s________（I）.
三、There be sb./sth. doing sth.+sp.
某地有某人/物在……
【例句展示】
There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood, but what is it?
一定有什么东西来过社区，但那究竟是什么呢？
【归纳提高】
1. 本句是there be结构的特殊形式，即There is（are）+名词（人或物）+doing sth.+地点，意为“某处有某人/物正在做某事”。如：
There is a boy playing basketball on the playground.
操场上有个男孩正在打篮球。
2. there be结构的另一种特殊形式：There is（are）+名词+to do sth.。如：
There is a chance to visit Beijing next week.
下周有一次去北京游玩的机会。
（动词不定式短语在句中作定语修饰名词chance）
3. There be sth. done某事被做。如：
There was some money stolen last night.
昨晚一些钱被盗了。
4. must在例句中表示推测、猜测，意为“必定；肯定”。
用在there be结构中表示“肯定有”。如：
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There must be some boys in the classroom.
教室里肯定有些男孩子。
【活学活用】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. There is a dog________（lie） under the tree.
2. Hurry up!There is no time________（think）.
3. There are many people________（kill） in traffic accidents every year.
中考词语辨析
一、go on doing sth., go on to do sth.与go on with sth.
【例句展示】
1. Don’t stop, go on doing your homework.
不要停，继续做作业。
2. After finishing his homework, he went on to play computer games.
在完成作业以后，他接着去玩电脑游戏。
3. After drinking some water, Jim went on with his speech.
喝了一些水后，吉姆继续他的演讲。
【辨异突破】
1. go on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，指不间断地做一件事。
2. go on to do sth.意为“接着做另一件事”，指前后做的不是同一件事。
3. go on with sth.意为“继续做某事”，指前后做的是同一件事，但中间稍有停顿。
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【活学活用】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Though he was very tired, he went on________（walk） without having a rest.
2. When the farmers finished picking the apples, they went on________（put） the apples into the trucks.
二、may, might, can, could, must与can’t
【例句展示】
1. He may know.
他可能知道。
2. The French book might be Kathy’s. She studies
French.
这本法语书可能是凯西的。她学法语。
3. It’s true that some ads can be very useful.
有些广告可能非常有用，这是真的。
4. He could be running for exercise.
他可能正在跑步锻炼。
5. The notebook must be Ming’s. It has her name on it.
这本笔记本一定是明的。上面有她的名字。
6. The T-shirt can’t be John’s. It’s much too small for him.
这件T恤不可能是约翰的。它对他来说太小了。
【辨异突破】
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may/might表示现在或将来的可能性，意为“可能”，而might表示更加怀疑和不肯定；could表示可能推测，意为“可能”；must表示肯定推测，意为“一定是；肯定是”，只用在肯定句中；can表示可能性，常用于否定句或疑问句；can’t表示否定推测，意为“不可能是”。
【活学活用】
用适当的词填空。
1. —Good morning. I’ve got an appointment with Ms. King in her office.
—Morning. You________ be Mr. Jones. This way, please.
2. —I think the man over there must be Bob.
—It________ be him. He has________ to Australia.
3. Our teacher________ be in the office. But I’m not sure.
三、attend, join与take part in
【例句展示】
1. I attended his wedding.
我参加了他的婚礼。
2. She joined the Young Pioneers.
她加入了少先队。
3. We’ll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。
【辨异突破】
1. attend指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，去上课、上学、听报告等。
2. join指加入某个党派、团体组织等，并成为其中的一员，如参军、入团、入党等。
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3. take part in指参加群众性活动，如某种活动、运动或比赛等，并在其中发挥积极作用。
【活学活用】
用attend, join或take part in填空。
1. Did you________ the meeting yesterday?
2. I want to________ the English club.
3. Our school will hold a sports meeting. Will you________it?
四、point out, point at与point to
【例句展示】
1. Will you please point out the man who saved the boy’s life?
请你指出那个救男孩生命的人好吗？
2. Don’t point at the words while you are reading.
读书时不要用手指着字。
3. He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said, “That’s my home.”
他指着河对岸的房子说：“那是我家。”
【辨异突破】
1. point out意为“指出”，out是副词，表示给某人指出方向、要点或错误等。
2. point at意为“指着”，at是介词，着重于指的对象，指向离说话人较近的人或事物。
3. point to意为“指向”，to也是介词，着重于指的方向，指向离说话人较远的人或事物。
【活学活用】
用out, at或to填空。
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Don’t point________ anyone with your chopsticks.
中考写作突破
感恩篇
【话题解读】
命题者常以感恩这一话题设题，内容包括感恩亲人、老师、朋友、同学等，此类试题常以要点提示的方式来考查，常用一般现在或一般过去时态。
【常见表达】
1. I want to say thanks to my mother who looks after me so well.
2. Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.
3. I’m thankful for what my English teacher has done for me.
4. With Mr. Went’s help my English level has improved.
5. Without her help I can’t have made such great progress.
【典型例题】
（丽水中考）在英语课上，老师组织了以“感恩”为主题的小组交流活动，请根据活动记录写一篇英语发言稿。
Whom
Why
How
Nancy
grandma
look after
spend time with
Sam
English teacher
help
say thanks
注意：（1）内容必须包含表格中的提示信息，并从“whom”，“why”以及“how”等三个方面补充说明你自己的情况；（2）文中不能出现真实的校名、姓名等信息；（3）词数：80—100。所给的文章开头仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
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Hello, everyone!I’m glad to share our opinions about thanksgiving with you.____________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
【范文展示】
Hello, everyone!I’m glad to share our opinions about thanksgiving with you.
Nancy loves her grandmother who looks after her very well. She says she will spend more time with her. She thinks each day they live in love is the best present. Sam wants to say thanks to his English teacher. She always helps him.
As for me, I’m lucky to have the friend—Lucy. “A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” When I feel sad, she always tries her best to make me laugh. We share everything with each other. I want to give her a photo album. I hope good memories make her happy forever!
【亮点点评】
1. 本文要点齐全，尤其是从whom, why, how等方面补充说明自己的情况比较全面。
2. 定语从句...grandmother who looks after her very well和宾语从句She thinks each day...的运用使文章增色不少。
当堂检测
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Smoking isn’t________（allow） in public.
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2. Jerry didn’t go to school today. Because he fell off the bike, and his leg was hurt________（bad） yesterday.
3. The________（medicine） level in the city is better than that in the countryside. So many people go to the city to see a doctor.
4. It is said that the moon________（circle） the earth every 28 days.
5. He is afraid of________（wolf）.
6. Shaoxing________（receive） more and more visitors every year.
7. I________（regret） not telling him the truth yesterday.
8. In most western________（society）, children don’t live with their parents.
9. He________（manage） to finish the difficult task, but failed.
10. You should give up________（smoke） because it’s bad for your health.
二、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
attend sleep somebody coat policeman
1. I felt very________ because I didn’t go to bed until 11 o’clock last night.
2. I don’t know________ at the party.
3. The boys want to be________ when they grow up.
4. We need to put on our________ in winter.
5. He arrived on time and________ the meeting.
三、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
There was a school meeting in our school yesterday. All the students, the teachers, the
1 （领导） and even the workers 2 （参加） the meeting. The
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3 （目的） of the meeting was to tell us we should care about others and be thankful to those who help us.
At the meeting, we saw “59 smiles” on a womanteacher’s smartphone. These smiles showed people’s care and love for others, which is becoming 4 （宝贵的） in our
5 （社会）. At the same time, she also wanted to 6 （表达） her thanks to those who have helped her.
She said those smiles were taken from 59 people who offered their seats on buses. Some of the smiles were shy, some were friendly, while others were like sunshine. No matter what kinds of smiles they were, they all gave us7 （能量）. No matter 8 （谁的） smiles they were, they helped to 9 （阻止） quarrels and coldness. Through them, we could also imagine how happy and thankful the people who accepted the seats felt. I think 10 （任何人） that took part in the meeting can learn a lot from “59 smiles”.
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参考答案
课堂突破
【中考重点单词与短语】
一、1. allow 2. be allowed to
二、picked, up
三、mending, get, mended
四、1. By the way 2. on the way 3. in the way
五、regretted
六、standing
【中考重点句型】
一、be thrown
二、1. David’s 2. who/whom, mine
三、1. lying 2. to think 3. killed
【中考词语辨析】
一、1. walking 2. to put
二、1. must 2. can’t, gone 3. may
三、1. attend 2. join 3. take part in
四、at
当堂检测
一、1. allowed 2. badly 3. medical 4. circles
5. wolves 6. receives 7. regretted 8.
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societies
9. managed 10. smoking
二、1. sleepy 2. anybody 3. policemen 4. coats
5. attended
三、1. leaders 2. attended 3. purpose 4. valuable
5. society 6. express 7. energy 8. whose
9. prevent 10. anyone/anybody
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