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课时跟踪练(三) Lesson 2 & Lesson 3— Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Known as “Mahatma” (great soul), Gandhi was the leader of the Indian nationalist movement against British rule, and was widely considered the father of his country. His belief of nonviolent (非暴力的) protest to achieve political and social progress has been very influential.
He was born on October 2,1869 in India. After university, he went to London to train as a lawyer. He returned to India in 1891 and in 1893 accepted a job at an Indian law firm in Durban, South Africa. Gandhi was appalled at the treatment of Indian immigrants there, and joined the struggle to get basic rights for them. During his 20 years in South Africa he was sent to prison many times. Influenced mainly by Hinduism, but also by writers including Tolstoy and Thoreau, Gandhi developed the “satyagraha” (devotion to truth), a new nonviolent way to correct wrongs. In 1914, the South African government accepted many of Gandhi’s demands.
Gandhi returned to India shortly afterwards. By 1920, Gandhi was an important figure in Indian politics. He changed the Indian National Congress Agenda, and his program of peaceful noncooperation with the British which included boycotts (抵制) of British goods, led to the arrests of thousands of people.
In 1922, Gandhi himself was sentenced to six years’ imprisonment. He was set free after two years and withdrew from politics and devoted himself to trying to improve HindMuslim relations, which had worsened.
In 1931, Gandhi attended the Round Table Conference in London, as the only representative of the Indian National Congress, but he resigned from the party in 1934 to protest its use of violence as a political tool. He was replaced as leader by Jawaharlal Nehru.
On January 30, 1948, he was murdered.
语篇解读：本文介绍了甘地的人生经历。甘地是印度民族解放运动著名的领导人、非暴力不合作运动的倡导者。
1．What’s the first paragraph mainly about?
A．Gandhi’s political beliefs.
B．Gandhi’s childhood.
C．Gandhi’s college education.
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D．Gandhi’s great influence.
解析：选D 段落大意题。第一段主要介绍了甘地对印度的深远影响，因此选D项。
2．The underlined word “appalled” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”．
A．shocked B．excited
C．tired D．amazed
解析：选A 词义猜测题。由“ ... joined the struggle to get basic rights for them.”可推出该词意为“震惊的”。
3．Gandhi did all of the following things EXCEPT ________.
A．training as a lawyer
B．struggling to get basic rights in South Africa
C．helping to make India independent
D．changing the Indian National Congress Agenda
解析：选C 细节理解题。A、B两项可以在第二段找到相应的句子，D项可以在第三段找到依据，C项文中没有提及。
4．The “satyagraha” in Paragraph 2 may be ________.
A．a violence tool
B．a political leader
C．a great belief
D．a way to deal with wrong things
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第二段的“... Gandhi developed the ’satyagraha’ (devotion to truth), a new nonviolent way to correct wrongs.”可知D项正确。
B
In the summer of 1936, Jesse Owens joined the best athletes from fifty nations to compete in the Berlin Olympic Games. Until then, very few black athletes had competed in the Olympics for the United States. Owens was proud to be on the team. He was very sure of his ability.
Owens spent one week competing in four different Olympic track and field events (田径项目). And he won four gold medals in all four of the competitions. In the 100meter run, he equaled the fastest time ever run in that Olympic event. In the long jump and the 200meter run, he set new Olympic records. And as part of a fourman team, he helped set a new world record for the 400meter relay race. He was the first American in the history of Olympic track and field events to win four gold medals
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in single Olympics.
Owens’s Olympic triumphs made him a hero. He returned home to parade (游行) in New York and Columbus. Businessmen paid him for the right to use his name in their stores. No one, however, offered him a permanent (固定的) job. He worked at small jobs. He and his family saw good times and bad times.
Poverty was not new to Owens. He was born into a poor family, but he was lucky that he entered a school where one white teacher, Charles Riley, took a special interest in him. He often brought the boy food and invited him to eat with his family. And every day before school, he taught Owens how to run like an athlete. Owens always remembered the teacher who helped change his life.
In 1976, Gerald Ford awarded Jesse Owens the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This is the highest honor an American civilian (平民) can receive. Jesse Owens died of cancer in 1980, at the age of 67.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了著名运动员欧文斯在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩以及他之前之后的生活状况。
5．Owens set new records in the following events EXCEPT ________.
A．the 400meter relay race B．the 100meter run
C．the 200meter run D．the long jump
解析：选B 细节理解题。文章第二段说明了他在100米比赛中平了在那个奥运赛事中的最快时间，说明他没有创造新的纪录，只是平了纪录。
6．The underlined word “triumphs” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A．challenges B．events
C．styles D．victories
解析：选D 词义猜测题。第二段重点介绍了杰西·欧文斯在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩，该段说明他被当作一位英雄，其原因自然是他所取得的成绩，由此推断triumphs应该表示“胜利，成功”之意。
7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Owens was the only black person competing in the Olympics for the US until 1936.
B．Owens entered three competitions in the Berlin Olympic Games.
C．Owens lived a rich life after the Berlin Olympic Games.
D．Charles Riley had a great effect on Owens’s success and life.
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解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知杰西·欧文斯的一位白人老师查尔斯·莱利对他产生了很大的影响，给他物质上的帮助，并教会他像运动员一样跑步，因而改变了他的一生。
8．Which of the following CANNOT be used to describe Owens?
A．Fortunate. B．Confident.
C．Generous. D．Competitive.
解析：选C 细节理解题。通过阅读文章不难看出杰西·欧文斯是幸运的，遇到了一位很好的老师，并且他很自信并具有竞争性，但文章中没有谈到他很慷慨。
C
Amelia Earhart’s (1897—1937) childhood was not the typical girl’s. She liked nothing better than to explore the banks of the Missouri River, where she climbed trees and hunted rats with her rifle (步枪). She also built her own roller coaster.
The exciting life of the American aviation (航空) pioneer is dramatized in the movie Amelia, which is coming out on October 23.
After Earhart paid a pilot $1 to take her up for a short fly in his plane, aviation became her love and career.
As she later explained, “Never do things others can do and will do, if there are things others cannot do or will not do.”
Earhart found herself a flying teacher and started to learn to fly. She took all sorts of jobs to pay for the lessons and to buy a secondhand plane on her 24th birthday.
In 1932, Earhart flew solo (单独的) across the Atlantic. She became the first woman to make the solo crossing. She also made a flying suit for women and went on to design other clothes for women who led active lives. “Now and then women should do for themselves what men have already done — occasionally what men have not done — thereby establishing themselves as persons, and perhaps encouraging other women toward greater independence of thought and action，” she said.
When she was nearly 40, Earhart was ready for a final challenge — to be the first woman to fly around the world. However, in midflight, she and her navigator (导航员) disappeared in bad weather.
Earhart will be forever remembered as a brave pioneer for both aviation and women.
语篇解读：女飞行员Amelia Earhart有着短暂但传奇的一生，她独特的性格和对人生的挑战精神给人们留下了深刻的印象。
9．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．A movie about Earhart’s exciting life has come out.
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B．Earhart never did things others could and would do.
C．Earhart’s love for aviation came after she flew a plane for a short time.
D．In Earhart’s opinion, women should think and act more independently.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第六段Earhart的话可知D项正确。由第二段可知电影还未上映，故A项不正确；B项的说法过于绝对；由第三段可知，Earhart并未亲自驾驶飞机，故C项不正确。
10．The underlined word “dramatized” in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A．presented B．adopted
C．published D．created
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可理解为“电影《Amelia》表现了这位美国航空先驱者精彩的人生”，故A项正确。
11．From the passage we can know that ________.
A．Earhart showed most interest in adventure trips to the Missouri River during her childhood
B．Earhart’s ambition was to fly across the Atlantic
C．Earhart challenged herself constantly
D．besides flying, Earhart also designed planes and clothes
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第七段可知，Earhart最后的挑战是成为第一个飞越全球的女性，故C项正确，B项不正确；A项说法不准确；由第六段可知Earhart并没有设计过飞机，故D项不正确。
12．You can probably find this article in ________.
A．a booklet B．a newspaper
C．a guide book D．an advertisement
解析：选B 推理判断题。本文通篇介绍了Amelia的故事，小册子、旅游手册和广告都不符合实际情况，故应选择B项(报纸)。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hobbies are an important part of life. A great hobby will allow you to learn more about yourself, and will help you to develop life skills. __1__ If you’re choosing a new hobby, the following tips can help you：
__2__ When looking for a new hobby, you can think about the subjects you like to learn about, or the things you enjoy doing. For example, if you’re a woman, you can take up hobbies such as cooking and gardening. If you’re a man, you can consider
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hobbies like hunting and fishing.
Know your skills. __3__ Think hard about it by going over this question. This will guide you to choose a hobby that suits you. For example, if you have a good hand at drawing, then painting could be a great hobby for you.
Decide the time you can give. If you don’t have much free time, pick one that doesn’t take much time. If you have more free time, then you can take up hobbies to which more time can be given. So look at your schedule and how much time you might have for your chosen hobby. __4__
Pay attention to your talks. What do you enjoy talking about? __5__ Your conversations can show a lot about your likes which can be developed into a hobby. Now, think hard and determine what you enjoy and how it can be turned into a hobby.
A．Focus on what interests you.
B．There are an endless number of hobbies you can choose from.
C．Decide what you want — time alone or social interaction?
D．You may ask others about the topics you talk about the most.
E．Figure out how much time you have to work on your hobby.
F．This will help you take things not suitable for you off the list.
G．Are you a good writer, speaker, painter, or an expert in something else?
语篇解读：本文为说明文，主要介绍了选择业余爱好的方法。
1．选B 业余爱好很多，如果你想从中选择一个的话，下列建议可以帮你。由此逻辑可判断选B项。
2．选A 由本空后的like和enjoy可判断选A项，考虑你的兴趣所在。
3．选G 由“Think hard about it by going over this question”中的this question可知，C、G项可选。而G项的“a good writer, speaker, painter”等与首句的skills呼应，故选G。
4．选F 此处应是讲述考虑你时间的好处，故选F项。
5．选D D项中的talk about在本段多次出现。
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