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Section_ⅡWarmup_&_Lesson_1_—_Language_Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.wedding n． 婚礼
2.nowadays adv. 现今，现在
3.destroy vt. 破坏，毁坏
4.boil vt.& vi. 煮沸，沸腾
5.occasion n. 时刻，时机
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.decorate vt.装饰，布置→decoration n. 装饰，装修
2.graduation n．毕业→graduate v．毕业
3.scholarship n．奖学金→scholar n．学者
4.tradition n．传统，惯例→traditional adj.传统的
5.power n．动力；权力，影响力；控制力→powerful adj.强大的，强有力的
6.celebration n．庆祝，庆典→ celebrate vt.庆祝
7.darkness n．黑暗，漆黑→dark adj.黑暗的
8.serve vt.招待；服务；提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)→service n．服务
1.decorate vt.装饰，布置
[记法] 后缀tion是名词的标志，表 “状态”
[联想] 盘点后缀tion名词
①translate→translation翻译
②congratulate→congratulation祝贺
③graduate→graduation毕业
④celebrate→celebration庆祝，庆典
2.destroy vt.破坏，毁坏
[同义] ①damage n．& vt.损失；损害
②ruin n．& vt.毁灭，毁坏
3.darkness n．黑暗，漆黑
[记法] 后缀ness是名词的标志，表“性质，状态”
[联想] 归纳后缀ness名词
①rudeness粗鲁，无礼 ②kindness善良
③sadness悲伤，悲哀 ④illness/sickness疾病
4.celebration n．庆祝，庆典
[联想] congratulation n．祝贺
5.power n．动力；权力，影响力；控制力
[同义] energy, force, strength
6.serve vt.招待；服务；提供(食物)；端上(饭菜)
[词块] ①serve in the army服役
②serve the people为人民服务
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二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.burn down 烧毁，烧光
2．take part in 参与，参加
3．fall on/upon 正是……的日子；
落在……上
4．in the past 过去
5．operate on 动手术；起作用
6．be decorated with 装饰着
7．put out the fire 扑灭火
8．wash away 洗掉，冲走
1.pass an exam 通过考试
2．win a scholarship 赢得奖学金
3．watch the moon 赏月
4．all over the world 全世界
5．the lunar year 农历年
6．the Lantern Festival 元宵节
7．on a special occasion 在特殊的场合
8．dozens of candles 许多蜡烛
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.
据说，在这一天月亮最大最亮。
Sb./sth. is said to ...为固定句型，意为“据说某人/某物……”。
The old man is_said_to_have_gone_through varieties of sufferings during the war.
据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。
2.As it is in early summer, it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.
由于端午节是在初夏，它标志着一年最炎热的季节的开始。
as意为“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句。
As_he_was_ill,_he was absent from school yesterday.
由于生病，他昨天没有上学。
3.In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness.
一种传说是，点灯是为了庆祝光明战胜黑暗的力量。
不定式短语在句中作目的状语。
To_work_out_the_difficult_maths_problem,_I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
为了解出那道数学难题，我已向拉塞尔教授咨询过好几次。
4.They were decorating the house when the accident happened.
when作并列连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“
My wife was_cooking_when the fire broke out.
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他们正在装修房子，这时事故发生了。
就在这时”。
我妻子正在做饭这时火灾发生了。
1．(教材P36) ... there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit, coffee, chocolate and even icecream moon cakes.
……月饼的种类很多，有水果的、咖啡的、巧克力的，甚至有冰淇淋月饼。
include vt.包括，包含
including prep. 包括，包含
including sb./sth.＝sb./sth. included 某人/物包括在内
①With English words getting popular in both media and daily life, a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them.(2014·江苏高考满分作文)
随着英语单词在媒体和日常生活中越来越普及，一本汉语词典已收入了239个英文单词。
②We three students, including Tom, went to see that film last night.
＝We three students, Tom included,_went to see that film last night. (include)
包括汤姆在内，昨晚我们三个学生去看了那部电影。
[辨析比较] include, contain
include
强调作为整体的一部分包括进来
contain
通常用来指某种容器中盛有某物，还指某种物质中含有某成分。指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内
形象记忆
选用上述单词填空
This kind of fruit ③contains a lot of vitamins, ④including vitamin C.
这种水果含有大量的维生素，包括维生素C。
2．(教材P36)It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.
它标志着中国新年庆典的结束。
celebration n．庆祝，庆典
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(1)in celebration of 为庆祝……
(2)celebrate v. 庆祝
celebrate Christmas/victory/wedding/birthday
庆祝圣诞节/胜利/婚礼/生日
①The Chinese people usually hold celebrations on Spring Festival.
中国人通常在春节举行庆祝活动。
②My wife and I will celebrate our twentieth wedding anniversary next month.
下个月，我和妻子要庆祝我们结婚二十周年纪念日。
③On October 1st all the Chinese people hold great parties in_celebration_of the birthday of New China.
十月一这天，所有的华人举办各种盛大的晚会来庆祝新中国的生日。
3．(教材P36) In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness.
一种传说是，点灯笼为了庆祝光明战胜黑暗的力量。
power n．控制力；动力；权力，影响力；力量
in power 当权，掌权
in/within one’s power 在某人的控制下，某人有权/能力做……
beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力；无权(做某事)
come to/into power 上台，执政，当权
have the power to do sth./of doing sth. 具有做某事的能力
①A man should rely on his own power.
人类应该依靠自身的力量。
②The government came_to/into_power in 2014; that is, it has been in_power for over 2 years.
这届政府于2014年上台执政，也就是说它已执政两年多了。
③I regret to tell you that your problems are beyond_my_power. You’ll have to turn to some other one, I’m afraid.
我很抱歉地告诉你，你的问题超出了我的能力范围。恐怕你得向其他人求助。
4．(教材P36)In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds, animals and flowers, etc..
过去，人们常用蜡烛点灯笼，用鸟兽、花等图案装饰灯笼。
decorate vt.装饰，布置，装潢，点缀
(1)decorate ...with ... 用……装饰(某物、某处)
(be) decorated with/by 装饰着……
(2)decoration n. 装饰，装饰物/品
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①Red is a lucky colour for Chinese people, so on the Spring Festival, many people decorate their houses with red decorations.
红色是中国人的幸运色，因此春节期间，人们大都用红色装饰物来装饰他们的房子。
②When I came into her room, she was busy decorating the Christmas tree with many gifts and sweets.
当我走进她房间的时候，她正忙着用许多礼物和糖果装饰那棵圣诞树。
③During the National Day, the streets were_decorated_with colored flags.
国庆节期间，大街上装饰满了彩旗。
5．(教材P36)In another story, a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it.
另一种传说则是，一个小镇几乎被烧毁，但是点燃的许多灯笼救了这个小镇。
destroy vt.破坏，毁坏；摧毁
①A lot of houses were destroyed because of the war.
由于战争，大量的房子被毁坏了。
[辨析比较] destroy, damage, ruin
destroy
摧毁，毁坏(某物)，指彻底毁坏，无法修复，也指希望、计划破灭
damage
指部分“损坏，损害”或指使用价值的降低
ruin
破坏严重，无法修复，强调使用价值的完全丧失；还可指抽象意义的破坏、毁灭
选用上述单词填空
②If you don’t mend your ways, you’ll ruin your future.
如果你不改邪归正，你就会毁掉前程。
③All the hopes were destroyed because of his letter of refusal.
因为他回信拒绝，所有的希望都破灭了。
④My car got damaged in the accident but it still can be used now.
在事故中，我的车坏了，但现在还能用。
6．(教材P36)Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.
元宵用水煮，随热汤一起吃。
serve vt.招待，服务，提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)vi.服务，服役
(1) serve as 充当，担任
serve sb. sth.＝serve sth.to sb.＝serve sb. with sth.
给某人端上某物；用某物招待某人
(2) service n. 服务
at one’s service 愿为某人服务/效劳愿为某人效劳；
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听候某人吩咐
①He serves the public heart and soul, regardless of his personal gain or loss.
他全心全意为公众服务，从不计较个人得失。
②It’s said that he has served in the army for five years.
据说他已在部队服役5年了。
③The waiter served him a glass of beer.
＝The waiter served a glass of beer to him.
服务员给他端上一杯啤酒。
④The large box in his room can serve as a desk.
他房间里的那只大箱子可以当桌子用。
⑤If you need anything, I am at_your_service.
您要是需要什么，请尽管吩咐。
7．(教材P36)The story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.
故事是说有一个神仙想烧毁这个小镇。
burn down烧毁(通常指建筑物被完全烧毁)
①The whole village was burned down by the enemy.
这个村庄都被敌人烧毁了。
burn up 烧毁，烧尽(多指东西被烧掉)；消耗掉
burn out 烧坏；燃尽；耗尽体力
burn sth. to the ground 将……烧成平地
②If he doesn’t stop working so hard, he’ll burn himself out.
他要是继续这样拼命工作，就会把自己累垮。
③While you are walking home, your body is burning up about 100 calories of energy.
当你走回家，你的身体大约会消耗你100卡路里的能量。
④The great fire burned the teaching building to the ground.
大火将教学楼烧成平地。
[名师点津] burn down 既可为及物动词短语也可为不及物动词短语。
8．(教材P36) However, in recent years, people from other cultures have also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.
然而，近几年外国人也来参加赛龙舟，共享其中的乐趣。
take part in参与，参加
take part 参加，参与
take an active part in 积极参加/参与
①I have the honour to make a speech to welcome the respected guests. Thank you very
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much for taking part in our English activities.(2014·陕西高考书面表达)
我有幸发表演说欢迎尊贵的客人，非常感谢你们参加我们的英语活动。
②However attractive the activity was, he didn’t want to take_part.
无论活动多么有吸引力，他都不想参加。
③At college I took an active part in student politics.
上大学时我积极参与学生政治活动。
1．As it is in early summer, it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.
由于端午节是在初夏，它标志着一年中最炎热的季节的开始。
as作为连词，在句中引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”。
①As he wasn’t ready in time, we went without him.
由于他未能及时做好准备，我们没等他就走了。
as作为连词的用法主要有：
(1)作“当……的时候；一边……一边；随着……”讲，引导时间状语从句。
②They sang songs as they were doing farm work.
他们一边干农活，一边唱歌。
(2)作“如同；按照”讲，引导方式状语从句。
③When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
入乡随俗。
(3)作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句。此时，从句用倒装语序，即将表语、状语等提前，其他成分保持陈述语序；名词提前时，去掉冠词。
④Clever as_she_is,_she works very hard.
尽管她很聪明，但她还是工作很努力。
⑤Child as he was, he knew a lot.
虽然是个孩子，但他懂得很多。
(4)引导比较状语从句，作“正如，如同”讲，常用于as ... as ...或not so/as ...as ...结构中。
⑥John came as early as_Mary.
约翰和玛丽来得一样早。
2．They were decorating the house when the accident happened.
他们正在装修房子，这时事故发生了。
本句是个并列句，其中when是并列连词，意为“就在这时”。
①He was sleeping when there was a knock at the door.
他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。
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②Sophie was doing her homework when her father got home.
苏菲正在做功课，这时她父亲回家了。
when作并列连词时，全句的重心落在when引导的句子上，这时when相当于and then, and just then或and at that time，且when可与suddenly连用以加强语气。这种结构常用来表示发生的事情具有意外性。常用的句型：
(1)Sb. was doing sth. when ... 某人正在做某事，这时(突然)……
(2)Sb. had just done sth. when ... 某人刚做完某事，这时(突然)……
(3)Sb.was about to do sth. when ... 某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……
(4)Sb. was on the point of doing sth. when ...某人正要做某事，这时(突然)……
③He had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
他刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。
④I was_about_to_cross the street when I saw a car coming quickly.
我正要穿过马路，这时我看到一辆汽车快速开了过来。
⑤We were on the point of locking the door when a girl came.
我们正要锁门，这时一个女孩来了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Students should take part in sports as often as they can.
2．Generally speaking, when a new leader comes to/into power, he will begin his reform.
3．Mr. Wang was caught in a snowstorm yesterday, and unfortunately his new car was_destroyed (destroy) beyond repair.
4．They hold a party in celebration of their fiftieth wedding anniversary.
5．Decorated (decorate) with fine pictures and vases, the room looks elegant.
6．A number of houses were burned down in the fire.
7．Robert is said to have_studied (study) abroad, but I don’t know which country he studied in.
8．The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two.
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．Ten people were killed in the accident, including two women.
→Ten people were killed in the accident, two women included.
2．Although/Though they are poor, they feel very happy.
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→Poor as they are,_they feel very happy.
3．People gathered together on the city square to celebrate their independence for 50 years.
→People gathered together on the city square in celebration of their independence for 50 years.
4．It is hoped that the price of houses will go down in the future.
→The price of houses is hoped to go down in the future.
5．With time going by, we became good friends.
→As time went by,_we became good friends.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Having further education or finding a job？A lot of students don’t know which way to go after graduation (毕业)．
2．She can’t come to see you for the moment — she is serving (招待) a customer.
3．Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating (装饰) the kitchen wall with his color pencils.
4．We held a party in celebration (庆祝) of her birthday.
5．A great number of factories were destroyed (破坏) in the earthquake in Japan.
6．Thanks to much exercise, he is stronger nowadays (现在) than he used to be.
7．When flowers are kept in darkness (黑暗), they will not open or close as usual.
8．Sweet dumplings can be cooked by boiling (煮沸) in water or frying in oil.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She was said to_be_talking (talk) with her partner when the teacher came into classroom.
2．Clever as he is, he doesn’t study well in his lessons because he never studies hard.
3．It had become a tradition (traditional) in our hometown to stay up all night on New Year’s Eve.
4．Christmas is drawing near. The whole family begin to decorate their house with the Christmas tree and the balloons.
5．(2014·江西高考改编)He is thought to_have_acted (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
6．The band played many songs, including (include) some of my favorite ones.
7．When you sleep in the open, old newspapers can serve as a blanket.
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8．Part of the path had been washed away by the sea.
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．The building was burnt_down and only ashes (灰烬) were left.
2．The Chinese Valentine’s Day, named Qi Xi, falls_on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.
3．The famous old man took_part_in the students movements when he was young.
4．When did the Labour Party come_to_power?
5．In_celebration_of Christmas, Westerners often buy all kinds of Christmas gifts.
6．She has been known to lose her temper on_occasion.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
MidAutumn Festival
The MidAutumn Festival is a lunar holiday, ①occurring (occur) on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. The MidAutumn Festival is important ②because it is a special occasion for family. People often eat moon cakes on this day.Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays they are ③different (difference). There are many kinds of moon cakes now ④including (include) fruit, coffee, chocolate and even icecream moon cakes.
Lantern Festival
The Lantern Festival falls ⑤on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. People lighted lanterns to celebrate the power of light over darkness. In the past, lanterns ⑥were_decorated (decorate) with pictures of birds, animals and flowers, etc. Nowadays they are different. The special food for the Lantern Festival is the sweet dumpling ⑦that/which is boiled and served in hot water.
Dragon Boat Festival
The Dragon Boat Festival occurs on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. It is a significant holiday ⑧celebrated (celebrate) in China. It is celebrated by boat races with boats in ⑨the shape of dragons. In recent years, people from other cultures have taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun. The special food for the festival is zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
上周日，我们在一个大厅装饰着(decorate)灯笼(lantern)的饭店举行了一个庆祝(in celebration of)我们毕业(graduation)十周年的聚会。所有的同学都参加(take part in)了。我们的班主任老师也被邀请了。他祝贺(congratulation)我们。他认为纪念日是一个彼此沟通的好场合(occasion)。我们都吃了(serve)煮(boil)汤圆、喝了葡萄酒。我们度过了多么美妙的一天啊！
Last_Sunday,_a_party_was_held_in_celebration_of_our_tenth_anniversary_of_graduation_in_a_restaurant_whose_hall_was_decorated_with_lanterns._All_the_classmates_took_part_in_it_
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and_our_head_teacher_was_invited_too._He_offered_his_congratulations_to_us._He_regarded_the_anniversary_as_a_good_occasion_to_communicate_with_each_other._We_were_served_boiled_sweet_dumplings_as_well_as_wine._How_wonderful_a_day_we_spent!
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
April Fool’s Day
April Fool’s Day is a western festival. No one __1__ exactly when and how April Fool’s Day began. However, there are some stories about __2__ it came into being. One story __3__ like this: in the sixteenthcentury France, the start of the new year was on April first. It was celebrated __4__ much the same way __5__ it is today with parties and dancing into the late hours of the night.
Then in 1562, Pope (教皇) Gregory introduced a new calendar for the Christian world, and the new year fell on January first. There were some people, __6__， who hadn’t heard or didn’t believe the __7__ in the date, so they __8__ to celebrate New Year’s Day on April first. __9__ played tricks on them and called them “April fools”. They tried to make them believe that something false was __10__. In France today, April first is called “April Fish”. French children fool their friends by taping a paper fish to their friends’ __11__. When the “young fool” __12__ this trick, the prankster (恶作剧者) shouts “April Fish！”
Today Americans play small tricks on friends and strangers alike on the first of April. One __13__ trick on April Fool’s Day is __14__ down to a friend’s shoe and saying, “Your shoelace is untied.” School children might tell a classmate that school has been canceled (取消). __15__ the trick is, if you fail for the joke the prankster shouts “April Fool！”
In Britain today, on the first of April, even __16__ newspapers, radio and TV programs tell big lies. You __17__ read a science __18__ showing that doctors have found a way to cure (治愈) AIDS，__19__ you would probably listen to a piece of news about a UFO __20__ on an island.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，文章对愚人节的起源作了简单介绍。在世界各地，人们用不同的方式来庆祝这个特殊的节日。
1．A.understands B．knows
C．believes D．remembers
解析：选B 由空格后的“when and how”可以看出使用know。没有人确切地知道愚人节的来历。
2．A.when B．why
C．how D．where
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解析：选C 由后文的“One story ...”可知此处是在讲述愚人节的来历，故用how表示此意。
3．A.goes B．tells
C．happens D．writes
解析：选A story goes ...为固定搭配，意为“据说……”。
4．A.as B．like
C．with D．in
解析：选D 介词in与后文的the same way构成搭配。in ... way为固定搭配，表示“以……的方式”。
5．A.like B．as
C．so D．for
解析：选B 当初庆祝新年的方式与现在很像。由空格后的从句可确定应使用as引导从句。as意为“正如”。
6．A.however B．but
C．therefore D．instead
解析：选A 由前后语意可知表转折。由空格前后的逗号可确定用however。
7．A.fact B．news
C．change D．information
解析：选C 新年的时间由四月改为一月，这是时间的改变，故用change。
8．A.remained B．continued
C．considered D．went
解析：选B 因为有的人没听说或不相信新年时间的改变，所以会继续(continue)在四月一日庆祝新年。
9．A.Others B．Somebody
C．Many D．Some
解析：选A others与前文的some相对应，构成some ... others ...，意为“一些……另一些……”。
10．A.real B．true
C．right D．correct
解析：选B 在愚人节的时候，人们试图让别人相信假的事情是真的。false的反义词为true。
11．A.hands B．faces
C．backs D．heads
解析：选C 由常识可知，只有把纸鱼贴到后背上，被捉弄的人才不容易发现。
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12．A.discovers B．sees
C．finds D．notices
解析：选A 被捉弄的人后来会发现人们的把戏。discover意为“发现”，而find强调“找到”。
13．A.usual B．common
C．funny D．silly
解析：选B 由后文可知，指着别人的鞋子说鞋带没系好是愚人节人们的普遍做法。usual意为“通常的”，而common可指“常见的，普遍的”。
14．A.putting B．pointing
C．getting D．turning
解析：选B 人们捉弄别人的一种常见做法是指着别人的鞋子说鞋带没有系好。point“指着”。
15．A.Whenever B．Whoever
C．Whatever D．Wherever
解析：选C 前文就人们在愚人节时所做的事情进行了列举。该句表示“不论是些什么样的把戏”。whatever在句中充当表语。
16．A.serious B．famous
C．interesting D．important
解析：选A 由空格前的even及空格后的“newspapers, radio and TV programs”可知，即便是一些严肃的(serious)报纸、电台等也会在愚人节这天撒弥天大谎。
17．A.might B．should
C．could D．must
解析：选A 后文举例说明愚人节时报纸、电台可能做的事情，语气并不十分肯定，故用might。
18．A.letter B．speech
C．writing D．report
解析：选D science report指“科学报告”。
19．A.so B．and
C．or D．but
解析：选C 空格前后为一些严肃的报纸、电台等在愚人节可能做的事情。人们可能会这样做，也可能会那样做，or表示选择。
20．A.lying B．walking
C．flying D．landing
解析：选D 由UFO及空格后的介词on可知此处表示“UFO在一个岛上着陆”。land
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on“在……着陆”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last November a English forum was held in Busan International High School of South Korea. Students from eight country took part in the forum representing their schools. I was one of the students in our school who was lucky enough to attend it. At the opening ceremony of the forum, students from Busan International High School play a lot of Korean traditional instruments, some of them were really new to us. The forum was very succeed. Every team did a good job and they highly thought of. During our stay in Korea, what impressed on us most was that Koreans love eating kimchi very much. Besides, in my opinion, it isn’t as deliciously as I had imagined.
答案：第一句：a→an
第二句：country→countries
第三句：第二个was→were
第四句：play→played; them→which
第五句：succeed→successful
第六句：they后加were
第七句：去掉on
第八句：Besides→However; deliciously→delicious
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