2020年中考英语考点专项突破练习(含解析共47套)
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专题 12 被动语态 单选题和填空题(解析版) 一、单选题 1.(2019 安徽)The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ____ before the rainy season comes. A. is completed B. was completed C. will be completed D. has been completed 【答案】C 【解析】句意:村民们希望在雨季到来之前完成这座桥的建设。is completed 是一般现在时的被动语态, 被完成;was completed 一般过去时的被动语态;will be completed 一般将来时的被动语态;has been completed 现在完成时的被动语态。根据句中 before the rainy season comes 可知,桥还没有建设完,应 用一般将来时。主语 the building of the bridge 与动词 complete 构成被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动 语态,故应选 C。 2.(2019 江苏连云港)It's reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo __________ from 100% recycled material. A. are making B. have made C. is made D. will be made 【答案】D 【解析】句意“据说 2020 年东京奥运会的奖牌百分之百是由可循环利用的材料制成”。A.现在进行时;B. 现在完成时;C.一般现在时的被动语态;D.一般将来时的被动语态。主语 the medal 与谓语 make 之间为被 动 be done,排除 A 和 B;且根据 the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo 可知,用一般将来时的被动语态,故 选 D。 3.(2019 江西)Gina went to the doctor’s yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more. A. told B. is told C. was told D. has told 【答案】C 【解析】句意:Gina 昨天去看医生了,她再次被告诉好的生活习惯的重要性。根据 told 一般过去时态 的结构,is told 一般现在时态的被动语态, was told 一般过去时态的被动语态, has told 现在完成时态 的结构;根据 she 和 tell 之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除 A/D;根据 yesterday 可知是过去时态; 故选 C。4.(2019 四川南充)-Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class? -Paper __________first __________about 2,000 years ago in China. A. is; invented B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——露西,从这节历史课中你学到了什么?——纸是大约 2000 年前在中国最早发明的。A. is; invented 被发明,一般现在时态被动语态;B. was; invented 被发明,一般过去时态被动语态;C. is; inventing 正在发明,现在进行时;D. was; inventing 正在发明,过去进行时。根据时间状语 about 2,000 years ago in China.可知用一般过去时态,排除 AC;主语是 Paper 可知,这里是动作承受者用被动语态, 一般过去时态的被动语态,排除 D。根据题意,故选 B。 5.(2019 重庆 B 卷)These machines_____in their factory by themselves last year. A. make B. made C. are made D. were made 【答案】D 【解析】句意:这些机器是去年他们自己在工厂制造的。A. make 一般现在时的主动语态;B. made 一般过 去时的主动语态;C. are made 一般现在时的被动语态;D. were made 一般过去时的被动语态。主语与 make 之间是被动的关系,排除 A,B;根据 last year 判断,句子的时态为一般过去时,故答案为 D。 6.(2019 湖北黄冈)—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike! —Sorry, Mum. It ____yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned 【答案】D 【解析】句意:— —哦,你的房间太脏了,迈克! — —对不起,妈妈。昨天没有打扫。我忘了做。A 为 一般过去时,主动语态;B 为一般现在时的被动句;C 为一般过去时的被动句;D 为一般过去时的被动句。 根据 yesterday.可知,本题的时态为一般过去时,因此排除 B;再根据 I forgot to do it. 我忘了做。说 明没有打扫房间,因此排除 C;句中的主语 It 是代指上文的 your room,your room 做主语,应该用被动语 态,选项 A 为主动语态,排除,故选 D。 7.(2019 湖北孝感)一 I'm tired of cleaning the house. 一 Sweeping robots ______ more and more widely today. Why not buy one? A. are used B. were used C. are using D. used 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我厌倦了打扫房子。——现在扫地机器人的应用越来越广泛。为什么不买一个呢?考查动词语态辨析。Sweeping robots 和动词 use(使用)是被动关系,需用“be done”被动结构,可排除 CD 两项。today(今天,现在)用于一般现在时,根据句意结构和语境,可知 B 项时态错误,故选 A。 8.(2019 湖北鄂州)I think AI (人工智能) _____ in many fields will_____ to help us solve many problems in the future. A. used, be used B. is used, be used C. used, use D. is used, use 【答案】A 【解析】句意:我认为在很多领域使用的人工智能将来将被用于帮助我们解决很多问题。used 被使用,过 去分词形式;is used 一般现在时的被动语态;be used 被动语态;use 使用,动词原形。根据句子结构可 知,第一个空…in many fields 是后置定语,修饰空前的 AI,且是被动关系,故用过去分词 used;第二个 空是一般将来时的被动语态,will 后跟动词原形 be,故选 A。 9.(2019 山东临沂)Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _________each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea. A. is created B. was created C. creates 【答案】A 【解析】句意:在世界各地,每年都有 300 万的塑料是被创造,其中大约百分之十都流向了大海。create 创造,根据句意,塑料“被”创造,因为是“每年”所以是一般现在时,故是一般现在时的被动语态,故 选 A。 10.(2019 北京)My advice on how to save paper ________ by my class last Monday. A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我的关于怎样节省纸的建议上周一被我的班级接受了。accepts 接受,第三人称单数形式; accepted 过去式;was accepted 一般过去时的被动语态;is accepted 一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可 知,该句的主语 My advice 与动词 accept 构成被动关系,应用被动语态,故先排除 A 和 B;根据句中的时 间状语 last Monday 可知,应用一般过去时,故选 C。 11.(2019 河北)These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please. A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled 【答案】C 【解析】句意:这些蛋糕满满的巧克力,吃一个。根据 cakes 和 fill 之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态, 结构是 be+过去分词;be filled with 用……填满,根据句意可知是一般现在时态;故选 C。12.(2019 四川眉山)Paper _____ first ______ about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun. A. is; inventing B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented 【答案】D 【解析】句意“在中国大约两千年前,纸最开始被蔡伦发明”。本题考查时态语态。A.现在进行时;B.一 般现在时的被动语态;C.现在完成时;D.一般过去时的被动语态。主语 paper 与谓语 invent 之间为被动 be done,排除 A 和 C;且根据 two thousand years ago 可知,用一般过去时的被动语态,故选 D。 13.(2019 湖南益阳)A lot of trees __________ every spring in Yiyang city. A. plant B. is planted C. are planted 【答案】C 【解析】考查被动语态。句意:每年春天,益阳市都会栽种大量树木。A. plant 栽种; B. is planted 被栽种,是主语为单数第三人称的被动语态;C.areplanted 被种植,是主语为复数的被动语态。根据主语 a lot of trees 大量的树木,是可数名词复数,可知 be 动词用 are,故选 C。 14.(2019 广东)It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ____ in Guangdong in the future. A. will be built B. build C. will build D. is built 【答案】A 【解析】句意:据说在未来在广东将要建一个粤港澳大湾区大学。根据 in the future 可知用将来时态,排 除 B/D;根据 one Greater Bay Area university 和 build 之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;故选 A。 15.(2019 湖南湘西)一 Who's the little boy in the photo? 一 It's me.The photo ______ when I was six years old. A. takes B. took C. was taken 【答案】C 【解析】句意:— — 照片上的小男孩是谁? — — 是我。这张照片是我六岁时拍的。A 为一般现在时; B 为一般过去时;C 为一般过去时的被动句。The photo 与 take 之间存在着被动关系,而且是六岁时拍的, 因此应该用一般过去时的被动句。故选 C。 16.(2019 江苏镇江)Have you heard that the 2022 Winter Olympics __________ in Beijing? A. held B. are held C. were held D. will be held 【答案】D 【解析】句意:你听说了吗,2022 年冬季奥运会将在北京举行?held 举行,过去式或过去分词;are held 一般现在时的被动语态;were held 一般过去时的被动语态;will be held 一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意 the 2022 Winter Olympics 是还没有发生的事情,并且与动词 hold 构成被动关系,故应用一般将来时的 被动语态,故应选 D。 17.(2019 河南)—Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again? —No, it ______ almost ________,and then my computer just died on me! A. 不填;finishes B. 不填;finished C. is; finished D. was;finished 【答案】D 【解析】句意:— —你的读书报告呢?你的狗又把它吃了吗? — —没有,它几乎要被完成了,然后我的 电脑死机了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。A 为一般现在时;B 为一般过去时;C 为一般现在时的被动语态; D 为一般过去时的被动语态。主语 it,即读书报告是谓语“完成”的承受者,且动作发生在过去,因此用 过去式的被动语态。故选 D。 18.(2019 江苏南通)—What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? —Wonderful. A lot of useful advice on self-protection _______ . A. is offered B. are offered C. was offered D. were offered 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——你觉得昨天在你的社区里的活动怎么样?——好极了。在自我保护方面提供了很多有 用的建议。A. is offered 被提供,一般现在时态的被动语态;单数;B. are offered 被提供,一般现 在时态的被动语态;复数;C. was offered 被提供,一般过去式的被动语态;单数;D. were offered 被提 供,一般过去式的被动语态;复数;根据上文 What do you think of yesterday’s activity in your community? 可知下文是一般过去时态,主语是 A lot of useful advice 不可数名词,这里 be 动词用单数 was。根据题 意,故选 C。 19.(2019 贵州贵阳)The Meitan Tea Museum, a famous building in Guizhou, ______ in the shape of a giant teapot. A. will be built B. should be built C. was built 【答案】C 【解析】句意:湘潭茶馆是贵州省著名的茶馆,它是一个巨大的茶壶形建筑。 A. will be built 将被建造;一般将来时被动语态;B. should be built 应该被建造;含情态动词被动语 态;C. was built 被建造,一般过去时态,被动语态。根据语境可知这里是一般过去时态的被动语态,其结 构是 was/were done 的形式。根据题意,故选 C。 20.(2019 湖南岳阳)It’s reported that Notre-Dame de paris (巴黎圣母院)________ in April 2019 A. was burnt B. is burnt C. be burnt【答案】A 【解析】句意:据报道巴黎圣母院在 2019 年 4 月被烧毁了。was burnt 被烧毁,一般过去时的被动语态;is burnt 一般现在时的被动语态;be burnt 动词原形 be+过去分词,是被动语态形式。三个选项都可以表示被 动,根据句中的时间状语 in April 2019 可知,这个时间是过去的,表示过去发生的事情应用一般过去时, 故应选 A。 21.(2019 吉林)The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees______ every year. A. plant B. planted C. are planted 【答案】C 【解析】句意“在我的家乡,环境正在改善因为每年有许多的树被种猪”。 A.一般现在时;B.一般过去时;C.一般现在时的被动语态。根据 every year 可知,用一般现在时,排除 B; 且主语 many trees 与谓语 plant 之间为被动 be done,故选 C。 22.(2019 辽宁盘锦)Our life _______ greatly by 3D printing technology in a few years. A. will influence B. influences C. will be influenced D. is influenced 【答案】C 【解析】句意:未来几年,3D 打印技术将对我们的生活产生巨大影响。A 为一般将来时;B 为一般现在时; C 为一般将来时的被动句;D 为一般现在时的被动句。根据 in a few years 未来几年,可知,本题的时态为 一般将来时,故排除 B/D;又因为 Our life 与动词 influence 之间存在着被动关系,语境是:我们的生活 将被 3D 打印技术所影响。因此应该用被动句,所以本题是一般将来时的被动句。故选 C。 23.(2019 广西河池)Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets, They_________last month. A. were planted B. are planted C. are planting D. were planting 【答案】A 【解析】句意:看路两边的那些花,他们是上个月种植的。 were planted 一般过去时的被动语态;are planted 一般现在时的被动语态;are planting 现在进行时;were planting 过去进行时。根据句意可知,主语 They 代指 the flowers,和动词 plant 构成被动关系,应用被 动语态,先排除 C 和 D;根据句中的时间状语 last month 可知,应用一般过去时,故选 A。 24.(2019 福建)As one of the most exciting sports, volleyball ______ in the Olympic Games in 96 A. included B. is included C. was included【答案】C 【解析】句意“作为最令人振奋的体育运动之一,排球在 1964 年被包含在奥运会中”。A.一般过去时;B. 一般现在时的被动语态;C.一般过去时的被动语态。根据 in 1964 可知,用一般过去时,排除 B;主语 volleyball 与谓语 include 之间为被动 be done,故选 C。 25.(2019 四川广元)Many old trees and houses __________ by the terrible rainstorm last night. A. are pulled down B. were pulled down C. will be pulled down 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态用法。 句意:昨晚,很多老树和旧房子被可怕的暴雨摧毁了。 “are pulled down”是一般现在时被动语态;“were pulled down”是一般过去时被动语态; “will be pulled down”是一般将来时被动语态。根据本句的时间“last night”(昨天晚上)可知用一般过去时被 动语态,故选 B。 26.(2019 甘肃天水)National Day celebrations for China's seventieth birthday ______ in about three months. A. will be held B. will hold C. is held D. was held 【答案】A 【解析】句意:大约三个月后将举行建国 70 周年国庆庆典。 A. will be held 一般将来时的被动语态; B. will hold 一般将来时的主动语态;C. is held 一般现在时 的被动语态;D. was held 一般过去时的被动语态。in about three months 表示的将来的时间状语,句子 的时态为一般将来时,排除 C,D;主语 National Day celebrations 与 hold 之间是被动的关系,故答案为 A。 27.(2019 甘肃定西)A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China and_____with a special party. A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. was celebrated D. will celebrate 【答案】B 【解析】句意“在中国,小孩满月是一个特别的事件,并且会用一个特别的派对来庆祝”。A.一般现在时; B.一般现在时的被动语态;C.一般过去时的被动语态;D.一般将来时。本句话中,主语为 A baby's first month birthday,与谓语 celebrate 之间为被动关系,用被动语态,排除 A 和 D;且 本句话描述的是一个客观事实,用一般现在时的被动语态,故选 B。28.(2019 黑龙江绥化)The little boy is crying because his toy ________ by someone a moment ago. A. was broken B. is broken C. broke 【答案】A 【解析】句意“这个小男孩正在哭,因为他的玩具刚刚被某个人破坏了”。A.一般过去时的被动语态;B. 一般现在时的被动语态;C.一般过去时。根据 a moment ago 可知,用过去时,排除 B;主语 his toy 与谓语 break 之间为被动 be done,故选 A。 29.(2019 湖南邵阳)-Waiter! I'd like some Shaoyang rice noodles. -Sorry, sir. Rice noodles ____________ only in the morning. A. serve B. will serve C. are served 【答案】C 【解析】句意“-服务员,我想要一些邵阳米线。-先生,对不起,米线只在早晨提供”。 A.一般现在时;B.一般将来时;C.一般现在时的被动语态。主语 rice noodle 与谓语 serve 之间为被动 be done,故选 C。 30.(2019 辽宁本溪)As far as I know, the robot that can sweep the floor ________ in the 980s. A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. has invented 【答案】C 【解析】句意:据我所知,能扫地的机器人是在 20 世纪 80 年代发明的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。A. is invented 一般现在时的被动语态;B. invented 过去式或过去分词; C. was invented 一般过去时的被动语态;D. has invented 现在完成时。根据题干可知,句子的主语 the robot 是谓语动词 invent 的承受者,构成被动关系,所以用被动语态;由时间状语 in the 1980s 可知句子 时态用一般过去时;一般过去时的被动语态构成为 was/were+动词的过去分词;主语 the robot 是第三人称 单数,所以用 was,故答案选 C。 31.(2019 广西桂林)As we know, printing _______ during the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China. A. invented B. is invented C. was invented 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我们知道,印刷术是在中国的隋唐时期发明的。 考查动词语态辨析。printing 和动词 invent(发明)是被动关系,需用“bedone”被动结构,可排除 A 选 项。during the Sui and Tang Dynasties(隋唐时期),用于一般过去时;根据句意结构和语境,可知选 C。32.(2019 辽宁沈阳)A hanfu show ______ in Museum of History next week. A. is held B. was held C. will be held D. has been held 【答案】C 【解析】句意:汉服表演下周将在历史博物馆举行。 考查动词语态辨析。next week 下周,用于一般将来时;show 是动词 hold(举行)的受动者,需用被动语 态,可排除 ABD 三项。根据句意结构,可知选 C。 33.(2019 辽宁铁岭)The Chinese traditional poems ▲ to spread by popular singers. A. is singing B. are singing C. is sung D. are sung 【答案】D 【解析】句意:中国传统诗歌是由流行歌手传唱的。 考查动词语态辨析。主语 The Chinese traditional poems 是复数人称,是动词 sing(唱)的受动者,需用 “are sung”被动语态结构,故选 D。 34.(2019 山东菏泽)﹣Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? ﹣I'd love to, but I____to go out this afternoon. A. don't allow B. will allow C. won't be allowed 【答案】C 【解析】句意:-午饭后你愿意和我一起去购物吗?-我愿意去,但是今天下午我不被允许出去。 don’t allow 不允许;will allow 将会允许;won’t be allowed 将不被允许。根据句意可知,主语 I 和谓 语动词 allow 是被动关系,再根据 this afternoon 可知,要用一般将来时的被动语态,其构成为 will be done,故选:C。 35.(2019 四川达州)﹣Dr.Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s, he is a great international soldier. ﹣I know. so he___still___in both China and Canada now. A. has;remembered B. is;remembered C. well;remember D. is;remembering 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——白求恩医生在 20 世纪 30 年代帮助了很多中国人,他是一个伟大的国际战士。——我 知道。所以,在中国和加拿大,人们现在仍然记得他。 考查动词语态辨析。主语 Dr.Bethune 和动词"remember"是被动关系,需用被动语态“be+过去分词”结构; 再根据 now 可知要用一般现在时的被动语态,故选:B。36.(2019 广西贵港)--Do you know the famous artist in red? --Sure.He ________ to the art festival in our city every year. A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词被动语态。句意"—你认识那个穿红衣服的著名艺术家吗?—当然,他每年都被邀请参加 我市的艺术节。"根据 every year 每一年可知,要用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为 am/ is/ are +动词 过去分词,主语 he 是三单,所以 be 动词用 is.故选 C。 37.(2019 四川遂宁)Some people think trees ____ on Tree Planting Day only. A. should plant B. should be planted C. should be plant D. should be planting 【答案】B 【解析】句意:一些人认为应该只在植树节的时候种树。 should plant 应该种植;should be planted 是被动语态;C 形式错误;should be planting 应该正在种植。 根据题干可知一些人们认为种树应该只在植树节,其中 trees 和 plant 是被动关系,且句中有情态动词 should,则此处应用含情态动词的被动语态 should be done,故选:B。 38.(2019 江苏扬州)The 2021 International Horticultural Expo _____ in Yangzhou. A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held 【答案】D 【解析】句意:2021 年国际园艺博览会在扬州举办。 holds 举办,举行,是动词的第三人称单数形式;will hold 是一般将来时;is held 是一般现在时的被动语 态;will be held 一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知,国际园艺博览是被举办,用被动语态,排除 A 和 B。句中时间状语是 2021 年,还未来到,用一般将来时。故选 D。 39.(2019 广西柳州)This book ___________ by children. A. loves B. loved C. is loved 【答案】C 【解析】句意:这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. loves 第三人称单数形式;B. loved 过去式或过去分词;C. is loved 一般 现在时的被动语态。根据题干可知本句的主语 this book 和动词 love 是被动关系,所以应用被动语态;再 根据句意"这本书深受孩子们的喜爱"可知,句子陈述的是一般事实,所以时态用一般现在时;一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为 am/ is/ are+ done,主语 the book 是第三人称单数,所以用 is,love 的过去分词 是 loved,故答案选 C。 40.(2019 云南昆明)With the rapid progress in high technology, 5G ________ around most parts of China in the near future. A. is used B. is using C. will use D. will be used 【答案】D 【解析】句意:随着高科技的快速发展,5G 在不久的将来将在中国大部分地区使用。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。A. is used 一般现在时的被动语态;B. is using 现在进行时;C. will use 一般将来时;D. will be used 一般将来时的被动语态。根据题干可知主语 5G 和动词 use 是被动关系,所以 应用被动语态;再根据 in the near future 可知句子时态应用一般将来时;一般将来时的被动语态,其构 成为 will be done,故答案选 D。 41.(2019 江苏南京)The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it ______18 years ago. A.set up B.is set up C.was set up D.will be set up 【答案】C 【解析】中国国际搜救队自 18 年前成立以来,为世界各地的灾民带来了帮助和希望. 根据句意"中国国际搜救队自 18 年前成立以来,为世界各地的灾民带来了帮助和希望"可知,要用一般过去 时的被动语态,其构成为 was/ were done. 故选:C. 42.(2019 江苏盐城)In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart. A.say B.said C.will be said D.are said 【答案】D 【解析】分析句子结构,主语 children 与 say 是被动关系,根据上下文可知用一般现在时的被动语态,由 be(am,is are)+过去分词构成, 句意:在中国文化中,据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明. 故选:D. 43.(2019 江苏徐州)I learnt to swim when I was six. I _______ by my mother. A. am taught B. was taught C. will be taught D. have taught【答案】B 【解析】13.B 考查动词时态及语态。句意:我六岁时学习游泳,是我妈妈教我的。由“"when I was six” 可知要用过去时态.主语为 I,是 teach 动作的接受者,因此谓语应用过去式的被动语态。故选 B。 44.(2019 湖北咸宁)— The passenger refused to move after taking another one’s seat! —What a shame! He ________ according to the new credit system(诚信体系). A. punish B. punished C. will punish D. will be punished 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——乘客坐了另一个乘客的座位后拒绝调动! ——他的行为太羞耻了!根据新的信用规则, 他将受到惩罚。A 为动词原形;B 为过去式;C 为一般将来时;D. 为一般将来时的被动语态。结合语境可知, 主语 He 和 punish 之间存在着被动关系,因此应该用被动语态;再者,乘客坐了另一个乘客的座位后拒绝 调动!该乘客是将要接受惩罚的,因此时态为一般将来时,综合分析可知,本题应该用一般将来时的被动 语态。故选 D。 45.(2019 湖北襄阳)— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. — You know they ______ by the hard-working cleaners every day A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——我喜欢早上在干净的街道上散步。——你知道它们每天都被勤奋的清洁工打扫。考查 一般现在时的被动语态。A. clean 打扫,动词原形;B. are cleaned 一般现在时的被动语态;C. are cleaning 现在进行时态;D. will clean 一般将来时态。根据 You know they _ by the hard-working cleaners every day.可知本句为主从复合句,从句的主语 they 和谓语动词 clean 之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,所以 应用被动语态;由 every day 可知句子时态用一般现在时,一般现在时的被动语态构成为 am/is/are+动词 的过去分词,主语是 they,be 动词用 are,clean 的过去分词是 cleaned;故答案选 B。 46.(2019 湖北宜昌)— A little bird entered through the open window to join us for dinner last night. —Wow, the unexpected guest ________ welcomed. A. will be B. must be C. won’t be D. mustn’t be 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——昨晚一只小鸟从开着的窗户进来和我们一起吃晚饭。——哇,这位不速之客一定很受 欢迎。考查情态动词辨析。will 将会,用于构成一般将来时态;must 一定,表推测;won’t 是一般将来时的否定式;mustn’t 不要/不能,表示禁止;表推测需用 can’t be。根据句意语境,可知本句表推测,需 用 must,故选 B。 47.(2019 湖北宜昌)—It’s reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. —I don’t know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed 【答案】B 【解析】句意:——据报道,31 名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁, 但我知道他们是为了谁。考查动词语态辨析。31 of the brave young men 是复数人称,是动词 kill 的受动 者,需用“be +过去分词”被动语态结构;根据句意结构,可知选 B。 48.(2019 辽宁辽阳)﹣Your classroom looks so clean and tidy. ﹣Yes,it ________ every day. A.cleans B.is cleaned C.cleaned D.was cleaned 【答案】B 【解析】句意:﹣你的教室看起来如此干净整洁.﹣是的,它每天都被打扫.根据语境可知教室是被打扫 的,故使用被动语态,根据句中的 every day,可知使用一般现在时的被动语态. 故选:B. 49.(2019 辽宁葫芦岛)New energy cars have been ______ to cut down air pollution. A.discovered B.found C.invented D.refused 【答案】C 【解析】四个选项都是过去分词,该句用的是现在完成的被动语态结构,即 have been done.A 表示发现, B 表示找到,C 表示发明,D 表示拒绝.根据题干可知为了减少空气污染,发明了新能源汽车. 故选:C. 50.(2019 四川自贡)﹣Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him? ﹣No problem!I think he _______ to think twice before starting. A.should be told B.shouldn't be told C.should tell 【答案】A 【解析】﹣﹣汤姆在功课上总是很粗心.你能够帮帮他吗?﹣﹣没问题.我想应该告诉他在开始前要先三思. 首先根据语境判断答语的意思是"没问题.我想应该告诉他在开始前要先三思."主语 he 是动作 tell 的承 受者,表示"被告知",确定用被动语态,根据句意用情态动词 should,含有情态动词的被动语态的构成是: 主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词. 故选:A. 51.(2019 四川成都)Unluckily, Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) ______ this April. We felt so sad for that. A. was burnt B. is burnt C. has been burnt 【答案】A 【解析】句意:不幸的是,今年四月巴黎圣母院被烧毁。我们为此感到很难过。考查动词时态辨析。A. was burnt 一般过去时的被动语态。 B. is burnt 一般现在时的被动语态。 C. has been burnt 现在完成时的 被动语态。this April 今年四月,用于一般过去时,巴黎圣母院被烧毁,用被动语态;故选 A。 52.(2019 湖南长沙)— Perfect photos! Good skills! — Thank you. They ______ by my Huawei mobile phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all. A. took B. were taken C. will be taken 【答案】B 【解析】句意:好漂亮的照片!技术真棒!——谢谢。它们是用我的华为手机拍摄的。事实上,我一点也 不熟练。A. took 一般过去时的主动语态;B. were taken 一般过去时的被动语态;C. will be taken 一般 将来时的被动语态。They 代指 Perfect photos,与动词 take 之间是被动的关系,排除 A;这些照片已经拍 摄完毕,是在过去拍摄的,故用一般过去时态,答案为 B。 53.(2019 上海)Worries in life ________ if you speak out to your close friend. A. will reduce B. were reducing C. will be reduced D. were reduced 【答案】C 【解析】句意:如果你和你的密友说话,生活中的忧虑就会减少。 A. will reduce 会减少,一般将来时;B. were reducing 正在减少,过去进行时;C. will be reduced 将 被减少,将来时被动语态;D. were reduced 被减少,一般过去时态被动语态。这里是 if 引导的条件状语从 句,遵循主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时态,根据主语是 Worries 可知这里是将来时的被动语态, 其结构是 will be done 的形式。根据题意,故选 C。54.(2019 天津)The Hong Kong﹣Zhuhai﹣Macao Bridge ________ in 2018 We are proud of it. A.is completed B.is completing C.was completed D.completes 【答案】C 【解析】港珠澳大桥于 2018 年完工.我们为它感到骄傲. 本题考查动词时态及语态.根据时间状语 in 2018 可知,应该使用一般过去时,且港珠澳大桥和 complete 为被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态.一般过去时的被动语态结构:was/were+过去分词.本题的主 语是 the Hong Kong﹣Zhuhai﹣Macao Bridge,第三人称单数,用 was. 故选:C. 55.(2019 重庆 A 卷) His car ____ five years ago, but it looks quite new. A. buys B. bought C. is bought D. was bought 【答案】D 【解析】解析:由时间状语“five years ago”可推知,此处要用一般过去时,又因为 car 与 buy 之间是动 宾关系,故要用被动语态。故此题要用一般过去时的被动语态。 56.(2019 海南)﹣﹣﹣China plans to send another spaceship into space. ﹣﹣﹣Wow! More and more secrets______soon. A.are going to discover B.will be discovered C.have discovered 【答案】B 【解析】主语 More and more secrets 和动词 discover 是被动关系,再结合句意"越来越多的秘密很快就会 被发现"可知,要用一般将来时的被动语态,其构成为 will be done. 故选:B. 57.(2019 黑龙江龙东地区)Many teachers from cities ________ to the west provinces of our country to help the poor students there next year. A. will send B. are sent C. will be sent 【答案】C 【解析】句意:明年很多来自城市的老师将被送到我们国家西部的一些省份去帮助那里的贫困学生。will send 将送去,一般将来时;are sent 一般现在时的被动语态;will be sent 一般将来时的被动语态。根据 句中的时间状语 next year 可知,这里表示将来的事情,应用一般将来时,故先排除 B;主语 Many teachers 与动词 send 构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,故应选 C。58.(2019 辽宁大连)Jim _______ to hospital at once after he got hurt. A.sent B.is sent C.will be sent D.was sent 【答案】D 【解析】根据题干可知吉姆受伤后马上被送往了医院,其中 Jim 和 send 是被动关系,且由 after he got hurt 可知该事情发生在过去,是一般过去时,则划线处应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构是 was/were done. 故选:D. 59.(2019 辽宁营口) I have a new bike. It _____ to me as a birthday gift by my father. A. gives B. gave C. was giving D. was given 【答案】D 【解析】句意:我有一辆新自行车.它是我父亲送给我的生日礼物.根据句意,give sth to sb,把某物给 某人,It 指代前文的新自行车,它被父亲作为生日礼物送给我,用被动语态,送礼物是过去的事情,用一 般过去时,被动语态结构为 was/were+动词的过去分词,主语是 It, be 动词用 was,give 的过去分词为 given. 故选:D. 60.(2019 湖南株洲)The students in this school ________ to choose their own school uniforms. A. are allowed B. allowed C. are allowing 【答案】A 【解析】句意“在这个学校的学生允许选择他们自己的校服”。 A.一般现在时的被动语态;B.一般过去时;C.现在进行时。本句话中主语为 the students 与谓语 allow 之 间为被动 be done,故选 A。 61.(2019 内蒙古包头) —Why did you leave that position? —I ________ a better position in another factory. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 【答案】D 【解析】句意为:你为什么离职了?另一家工厂给我提供了一个更好的职位。根据问句中的“did”可知, 此处应用一般过去时;且主语“I”与动词“offer”之间是被动关系,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。 故选 D。62.(2019 吉林长春)Yesterday, some advice ________ to the students on how to develop good habits. A. give B. gave C. is given D. was given 【答案】D 【解析】句意:昨天,给学生们就如何养成良好的习惯提出了一些建议。 A. give 给,原形;B. gave 给,过去式;C. is given 被给,一般现在时态被动语态;D. was given 被给, 一般过去式的被动语态。根据时间状语 Yesterday 可知是过去式。排除 AC;主语是 some advice 可知,这 里用被动语态,排除 B,主语是不可数名词,这里 be 动词用 was。根据题意,故选 D。 63.(2019 青海西宁)—I hear a subway ________ in our city in the future. —I hope so. A. was built B. will build C. is built D. will be built 【答案】D 【解析】句意:——我听说我们城市将来会建一条地铁。——我希望如此。 A. was built 被建造;一般过去时态被动语态;B. will build 将建成;一般将来时;C. is built 被 建造,一般现在时态被动语态;D. will be built 将被建造,一般将来时被动语态。in the future 表示将来 时,这里用一般将来时,主语是 a subway 可知用被动语态,这里是一般将来时的被动语态,其结构是 will be done 的形式。根据题意,故选 D。 64.(2019 山东济南莱芜)I' m sorry I can't finish the task on time because I____ only10 minutes. A. will give B. was given C. am given D. gave 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我很抱歉我不能按时完成任务因为我只被给十分钟时间完成。 A 为一般将来时;B 为一般过去时的被动句;C 为一般现在时的被动句;D 为一般过去时。原因状语从句 because I____ only 10 minutes.的主语 I 与动词 give 之间存在着被动关系,因此应该用被动句,排除 A/D;主句为一般现在时,因此原因状语从句应该用一般现在时的被动句。故选 C。 65.(2019 湖北恩施州)--Tony, do you think our city is becoming more and more beautiful? --Yes, especially after so many trees ______ last year. A. are planted B. have been planted C. were planted 【答案】C 【解析】句意:——托尼,你认为我们的城市正变得越来越漂亮了吗?——是的,尤其是在去年栽了这么 多树之后。 A. are planted 被栽,一般现在时的被动语态;B. have been planted 已经被栽,现在完成时的被动语态;C. were planted 被栽,一般过去时的被动语态。由“last year 去年”可知,此句时态应是一般过去时; 主语“so many trees” 和动词“plant”存在被动关系,故用被动语态;所以此句应是一般过去时的 被动语态,结构:was/ were +过去分词。主语“so many trees”是复数,故用 were。故选 C。 66.(2019 内蒙古呼伦贝尔)It’s not your turn yet. Please wait on the chair until you ________. A. are calling B. will be called C. are called D. are being called 【答案】C 【解析】句意:还没有轮到你,请在椅子上等,直到有人叫你。根据句意可知,you 和 call 之间有被动关 系,指的是你的名字被叫。并且这是 not….until 引导的时间状语从句,主句是祈使句,从句用一般现在 时,所以是一般现在时的被动语态,故选 C。 67.(2019 辽宁阜新)The twenty﹣fourth Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2022 A.will be held B.is held C.will hold D.Holds 【答案】A 【解析】主语 Winter Olympic Games 是 hold 的承受者,结合 in 2022 表达的是将来的动作.故用一般将来 时被动语态 will+be+过去分词.故选:A. 二、填空题 1.(2019 江苏连云港) Last week Professor Li was ______________(邀请)to make a speech on Chinese traditional festivals. 【答案】invited 【解析】句意“上周李教授被邀请去做一个关于中国传统节日的演讲”。invite 邀请,且主语 Professor Li 与谓语 invite 之间为被动,根据空前 was 可知,故填 invited。 2.(2019 江苏宿迁) My hometown is greener now. More and more trees ______________(plant) every spring. 【答案】 are planted 【解析】句意:我的家乡现在更绿了。每年春天种的树越来越多。trees 是动词 plant(种植)的受动者, 需用“be done”被动语态结构;trees 是复数形式,系词需用 are;根据句意结构和单词提示,可知填 are planted。3.(2019 四川南充) The children were __________(惩罚)for telling lies. 【答案】 punished 【解析】句意:孩子们因说谎而受到惩罚。根据语境可知这里是被动语态,其结构是 be done 的形式,punish 的过去分词是 punished,根据句意及汉语提示,故填 punished。 4.(2019 宁波) In Ningbo, everyone knows that things in blue rubbish bins can be___________ (回 收利用). 【答案】 recycled 【解析】句意:在宁波,每个人都知道蓝色垃圾箱里的东西是可以回收利用的。根据句意和所给单词的汉 语意思可知,这里考查 recycle,是一个动词。主语 things 与动词构成被动关系,空前有 can be,这里应 填过去分词 recycled。 5.(2019 江苏泰州) It is reported that Taizhou Sports Park _____________ (complete) next year. 【答案】 will be completed 【解析】句意:据报道,台州体育公园将于明年建成。主语 Taizhou Sports Park 和动词 complete 之间存 在着被动关系,因此应该用被动句,再由 nextyear 可知,本题的时态为一般将来时,所以本题应该用一般 将来时的被动句来写。其结构是:will+be+动词的过去分词。故答案为:will be completed。 6.(2019 甘肃兰州) A new airport will be ____(build) in Antarctica(南极洲) by Chinese. 【答案】 built 【解析】句意:中国人将在南极洲建造一座新机场。由 will be____,可知,本题考查一般将来时的被动句, 其结构是:will be+动词的过去分词。build 的过去分词为 built。所以答案为:built。 7.(2019 湖北荆门) The sports meeting was _______ (取消) because of the terrible weather. 【答案】 canceled/cancelled 【解析】句意:因为天气不好,运动会被取消了。The sports meeting 是单数形式,又是动词 cancel 的受 动者,需用“be done”被动语态结构;根据句意语境和汉语提示,可知填 canceled/cancelled。 8.(2019 江苏镇江) -The plan for summer study trip may be ______________ (cancel).- Really? I'm looking forward to it. 【答案】 cancelled 【解析】句意:-夏天学习之旅的计划可能要被取消了。-真的吗?我期待着它呢。cancel 取消,是一个动 词。根据句意可知,该句的主语 The plan for summer study trip 与动词构成被动关系,应使用别的语态, 空前有了 may be,这里应填过去分词 cancelled。9.(2019 山东泰安) We all agree that the driver who drives after drinking wine(酒)should be p___________. 【答案】 punished / prevented 【解析】句意“我们都同意酒后开车的司机应该被惩罚/阻止”。 根据句意以及首字母可知,可译为“惩罚”或“阻止”。punish 惩罚,prevent 阻止。且主语 the driver 与动词 punish/prevent 之间为被动 be done,故填 punished/prevented。 10.(2019 山东威海) All the members are______/rɪ'kwaɪəd/to attend the meeting. 【答案】 required 【解析】句意“所有的成员都被要求参加这个会议”。require 要求,且根据空前 are 可知,用被动语态 be done,故填 required。 11.(2019 甘肃定西) Smoking_________(not allow ) in public. 【答案】 isn't allowed 【解析】句意“在公共场合吸烟是不被允许的”。主语 smoking 与谓语 allow 之间为被动 be done,变成否 定,直接在 be 后加 not,且主语为 smoking,用单数 is,故填 isn’t allowed。 12.(2019 黑龙江绥化) It’s ________ (say) that the pianist will come to our city next week. 【答案】 said 【解析】句意“据说这个画家下周会来我们的城市”。根据空前 it 作形式主语,真正的主语为 that the pianist will come to our city next week,且根据空前 is 可知,表示被动,it is said that“据 说”,故填 said。 13.(2019 江苏扬州) In the past, many rivers were ________ seriously, but now they are cleaned up. (污染) 【答案】 polluted 【解析】句意:在过去,很多河流被严重地污染了,但是现在他们有变得清澈了。 根据句意和单词的意思可知,这里考查 pollute,污染,是一个动词。根据句意可知,主语 many rivers 和 动词构成被动关系,应用被动语态,be+过去分词,空前有了 were,故这里填过去分词 polluted。 14.(2019 江苏常州) He says the problem _____________(deal) with next year. 【答案】 will be dealt 【解析】句意:他说这个问题将在明年解决。 宾语从句的主语 the problem 与动词 deal 之间存在着被动关系,因此应该用被动句;在由 next year 可知,本题的时态为一般将来时,故本题是一般将来时的被动句。其结构是:will be+动词的过去分词。deal 的 过去分词为 dealt。所以答案为:will be dealt。 15.(2019 江苏无锡) It’s said that 5G network _______________(bring) into use at the end of this year in Wu Xi. 【答案】 will be brought 【解析】句意:据说,5G 网络将在今年年底在无锡投入使用。 我们知道 5G network 与动词 bring into use 之间存在着被动关系,因此应该用被动句;再由时间状语 at the end of this year 可知,本题的时态为一般将来时,故该题用一般将来时的被动语态来写。其结构是:will be+动词的过去分词。故答案为:will be brought。 16.(2019 湖北随州) Most of the earth’s surface is c___________by water. 【答案】 covered 【解析】句意:地球表面大部分被水覆盖。be covered by…表示被……覆盖。根据句意,故填 covered。 17.(2019 四川成都) It's known to all that Taiwan is part of China, and it can never be s________ from our motherland. 【答案】 separated 【解析】句意:众所周知,台湾是中国的一部分,它永远不能脱离我们的祖国。“be + 过去分词”表示被 动语态结构;be separated from 与……分离,根据句意语境和首字母提示,可知填 separated。 18.(2019 内蒙古包头) The new bridge, which is sea crossing, has been ________ and ready for us. (complete) 【答案】completed 【解析】句意:新的跨海大桥已经完工,为我们做好了准备。 根据语境可知用完成时的被动语态,其其结构是 have/has been done 的形式,complete 的意思是“完 成”,过去分词是 completed,根据句意,故填 completed。 19.(2019 黑龙江大庆) In many restaurants, tea is _______ (serve) for free. 【答案】served 【解析】句意:在许多餐馆,茶是免费供应的。主语 tea 与动词 serve 之间是被动的关系,助动词 is 后面 需要加动词的过去分词,故答案为 served。 20.(2019 湖南常德) The classroom _____ (clean) by the students every day. 【答案】 is cleaned 【解析】句意:教室每天由学生打扫。考查动词一般现在时被动语态。根据时间状语 every day 可知用一般现在时,教室和打扫之间是动宾关系, 用被动语态。故答案为:is cleaned。 21.(2019 内蒙古呼伦贝尔) Anyone who breaks the law will be p________. 【答案】 punished 【解析】句意:违法的人会受到惩罚。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据常识可知,违法的人会受到处罚,被动语态由 be 动词和过去分词构成,填 过去分词 punished。

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