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第三讲 推理判断题
题型1 逻辑推断类
[示例] (2017·全国卷Ⅲ，B)Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with tearyeyed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.
7．What can we infer about the audience?
A．They are disappointed with Bradford.
B．They are sad to part with the old theater.
C．They are supportive of the city officials.
D．They are eager to have a shopping center.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，找出相关信息句，并标出进行推理判断的关键词
由第二段Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with tearyeyed__audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building.的关键信息来推断答案。
第二步 根据该题选项特点找到tearyeyed与sad相呼应，goodbye与part相呼应。
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)It can be inferred from the passage that ________．
(2)It can be concluded from the passage that________．
(3)The author strongly suggests that ________．
(4)The writer implies but not directly states that ________．
2．“逻辑关联”得结论
(1)抓与之相关的关键信息，进行正向或逆向思维，推断出隐含的深层含义。
(2)整合全文或全段信息，进行综合判断，确定最佳选项。
(3)根据上下文逻辑关系，进行实事求是的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，
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而不是仅仅根据自己的经验、观点或爱好做出判断。
题型2 目的意图类
[示例] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ，C)If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around. It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn’t taste of anything special, it’s still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.
There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you’ll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it’s a__pipe__dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with applethemed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园)．If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.
11．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To show how to grow apples.
B．To introduce an apple festival.
C．To help people select apples.
D．To promote apple research.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，试找出相关的信息句，并标出关键词
关键词句：If__you__are__a__fruit__grower—or__would__like__to__become__one—take__advantage__of__Apple__Day__to__see__what’s__around.
第二步 与选项进行对比，得出答案
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)What is the main purpose of the passage?
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(2)The writer of the story wants to tell us that ________．
(3)The author writes the last paragraph in order to ________．
2．“文体特点”求突破
(1)记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性的语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开。
(2)广告类应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显支持倾向的语言。
(3)说明文：写作目的有赖于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题句。
(4)议论文：提出论点——进行论证——得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于最后一部分中。
题型3 观点态度类
[示例] (2015·全国卷Ⅰ，B)The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter，so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota，Florida，my bags were packed before you could say“sunshine.”I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C (维生素C)，thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air，I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools，wine tasting，and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours，not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend，but the best part—particularly to my taste，dulled by months of coldweather root vegetables—was a 7 a．m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wakeup call.
The market，which was founded in 1979，sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 a．m. to 1 p．m.，rain or shine，along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries；the redpainted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck；and most of all，the tomatoes：amazing，large，soft and round red tomatoes.
Disappointed by many a broken，vineripened(蔓上成熟的) promise，I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store，once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.But I homed in，with uncertainty，on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand，full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal—and at that moment，I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months.
Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight，my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty，a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton，where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu，I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it.
24．What did the author think of her winter life in New York?
A．Exciting. B．Boring.
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C．Relaxing. D．Annoying.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，找出相关的信息句，并标出关键词
由第一段The freezing Northeast hasn’t__been__a__terribly__fun__place to spend time this winter，so...
第二步 结合选项，进行合理推断
尝试解答 ____B____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)What’s the writer’s attitude towards...?
(2)What is the author’s opinion on...?
(3)What does the author think about...?
2．“忠于措辞”定选项
文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辞。
(1)正确掌握字里行间所隐含或流露的意思，切不可用自己的观点来代替作者或文中人物的观点。
(2)留意那些描写所处氛围的语言及表达情感、态度或观点的词语或句子。
(3)结合平时所积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等的背景知识来进行合理的推断。
3．牢记常见有关作者情感态度的词语
(1)表示支持或肯定：positive积极乐观的；supportive支持的；optimistic乐观的；humorous幽默的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant愉快的。
(2)表示中立：indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；objective客观的；neutral中立的；not mentioned未提及的。
题型4 文章出处或读者对象类
[示例] (安徽卷，A)
Personal Robot
Make your parents and teachers happy！
Are you having problems finishing your homework on time? Do you avoid tidying your room until your mom shouts at you? You don’t need to worry if you buy a Mr.Helping Hand personal robot.Mr.H can be programmed to organize your homework.Your own personal robot will follow you around，putting away books and objects that you have left on the floor or bed.
Mr.H also has these features(特点)：
·weighs only 500 grams
·includes longlasting batteries
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·comes with a 5year guarantee
·remembers simple instructions
Originally(最初) sold for $499
NOW ONLY $299
BUY NOW
WATCH CONTROL
This is a watch that James Bond would be proud to wear!
This is NOT a watch for ordinary people!
Your electronic PENGO WATCH CONTROL
►acts as a remote control for TVs and videos.
►gives you a daily weather forecast.
►reminds you when to hand in your homework.
►sets off a silent warning alarm when parents or teachers are near.
Besides，your PENGO WATCH CONTROL will always tell you the time accurately!
Originally sold for $199
NOW ONLY $99
For further information，click here.
59．Where would you be most likely to find the two texts?
A．On a notice board.
B．In a company brochure.
C．On a teenage website.
D．In a college newspaper.
[解题思路]
第一步 速读文章，结合文章语言特色找出最能体现文章出处的专用词汇
①BUY__NOW
②For__further__information,__click__here
第二步 结合选项，试进行合理推断
尝试解答 ____C____
[答题技巧]
1．识别题干关键
(1)The passage would probably be found in ________．
(2)The passage is most likely to be taken from/out of ________．
(3)Where does the text probably come from?
2．“专用词汇”做判断
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考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。
[状元技法]
推理判断题解题三技巧
1．抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。抓住某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
2．整合全文信息进行推断。在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点等系列材料，综合起来去推理判断。
3．利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。在把握主旨大意的基础上利用文章的语境褒贬性对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。
,[学生用书P50] )
A
(2017·湖北武汉高三调研)I felt like I had clicked my heels three times and come to a country away from home every morning as I walked through the doors at the Embassy of Australia in Washington.Musical Aussie accents and Aboriginal art exhibits made me wonder if I had entered without a visa. In fact I was a temporary employee，a public affairs unpaid intern(实习生) for three months during the summer in order to engage myself in the culture of the country where I planned to study the next spring.
During the summer I read the Australian news every day. Working at the embassy allowed me to escape the U．S.for six hours per day and learn about what was going on across the planet.After reading the daily Australian and U．S.news I usually helped prepare a PowerPoint presentation for school kids who visited the embassy as part of a school activity. Depending on whether an embassy event was going on，I would attend weekly meetings to listen to planning and see what I could do to help.Usually there were smaller tasks to be done such as creating visitors’ guides.
The most fantastic event in which I participated was the visit of the Australian Prime Minister. As the only American among countless Australian media and staff, I felt comfortable and was kept busy taking pictures and recording doorstop interviews at famous sites such as the Capitol. As an intern, you will not be exposed to topsecret information, but you are on the inside when it comes to special events.
Government work is a useful addition to one’s experience. As an embassy employee you will gain invaluable knowledge while spending your summer in a culturally diverse workplace.
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[解题导语] 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为了要到澳大利亚学习提前在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。
1．What is the author talking about?
A．Her embassy internship.
B．Her trouble in finding a job.
C．Her foreign culture experience.
D．Her preparation for future employment.
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文大意可知，作者主要讲述了她在位于华盛顿的澳大利亚驻美国大使馆实习的经历。
2．Why was the author in the Embassy of Australia for three months?
A．To apply for a visa.
B．To prepare to study in Australia.
C．To record musical Aussie accents.
D．To appreciate Aboriginal art exhibits.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“in order to engage myself in the culture of the country where I planned to study the next spring”可知，作者实习的原因是让自己融入澳大利亚的文化中，因为明年春天她要去那里学习，故答案为B。
3．What was the author forbidden to do when the Australian Prime Minister visited America?
A．Record doorstop interviews.
B．Know topsecret information.
C．Take pictures of special events.
D．Stand among the Australian staff.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“you will not be exposed to topsecret information”可知，实习生不会接触到绝密信息，故选B。
4．What can we infer about the author’s daily routine at the Embassy?
A．It is tiring. B．It is boring.
C．It is exciting. D．It is relaxing.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“The most fantastic event”以及最后一段中的“a useful addition”和“gain invaluable knowledge”可知，作者对这次经历的描述是非常积极和正面的，因此可以推断出，在大使馆工作是令作者兴奋的。
B
(2017·陕西高三教学质量检测)Our success，satisfaction and general happiness in life is not dependent on what happens to us but how we deal with it.
You will probably know from personal experience what a difference your attitude can make
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when，for example，you’re returning faulty goods or making a complaint. An open, polite and friendly approach，expecting a satisfactory result，normally results in one as people tend to respond with a similar attitude. If，however，you present an argument with an angry，accusing tone，expecting trouble，there is little doubt that this is what you’ll get!
Some people see the world through a filter of optimism and some through a filter of pessimism(悲观) which largely comes down to having a positive or negative(消极的) attitude. People who are suffering from a negative attitude primarily think that something can’t be done；they talk about problems, see all the difficulties，find fault with and criticize other people and focus on all the things they would like but haven’t got.On the contrary，people blessed with a positive attitude think that anything is possible.They look for ways to solve the problems, they see the good in everybody，and they are grateful for all the good things in their lives.
Whether suffering from or blessed with your attitude，this is not something that is put on us from the outside.We are very much responsible for our own attitude.We all start out with a “clean” board but this can get muddied by our experiences in life.As children we are made fun of and even get bullied(欺侮) and rejected，start to experience doubt and lose our selfconfidence.If this continues into adulthood，it can result in a bad attitude in later life.
[解题导语] 本文展现出了积极的人生态度的重要性。
5．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that people are likely to treat others__________．
A．the way they are treated
B．better when they are satisfied
C．worse when they are in trouble
D．the way they consider appropriate
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的整体内容尤其是“as people tend to respond with a similar attitude”可知，你以什么样的态度对待他人，他人也会用同样的方式对待你。
6．According to the writer，what affects people’s life attitude?
A．The situation they face.
B．The people around them.
C．Their expectations of life.
D．The way they view the world.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的整体内容并结合最后一段中的“We are very...We all start out with a‘clean’ board but this can get muddied by our experiences in life.”可知，人们看待世界的方式会左右他们对事物的态度，人们的人生经历对人生态度又有影响，故选D。
7．What is the purpose of the writer in writing this passage?
A．To show how to avoid a negative attitude.
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B．To show the importance of a positive attitude.
C．To share his positive attitude with his readers.
D．To describe the effects of a negative attitude.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段并结合全文的内容可推知，作者写本文的目的在于表明积极的人生态度的重要性。
专题强化训练13 推理判断题——逻辑推断类/目的意图类[学生用书P101(单独成册)]
A
(2017·东北三省四市高考模拟)As her son Cameron sits at his laptop completing a task for his math degree course, Alison Thompson, a fulltime mum, is busy helping her daughter Emma(two years younger than Cameron) get dressed. While help has always been available for Emma, Alison and her husband also have to fight to get Cameron the support he needs. “People could see that Emma has special needs but because Cameron was doing so well at school, his teachers never thought there was a problem with him，” says Alison.
It took Alison and her husband a while to realize their son was different. Cameron’s ability didn’t become clear until he began primary school. Once he even corrected the teacher when she told the class that zero was the lowest number. Cameron told her she was wrong because there were negative numbers(负数). He was four at the time. Now 14yearold Cameron is at secondary school, studying for a distance learning math degree with the Open University, having__sailed__through__his__GCSE at 11 and his Alevel at 12, achieving top grades.
Bethany, another daughter of Alison, is bright too but not gifted. She is the one who will remind absentminded Cameron to put on his coat. She also helps him out in social situations.
Emma attends a specialist school and the family is quick to celebrate her successes too. “The other day she did up the buttons on her coat, which was real progress，” Alison says.
Late last year the Thompsons took part in a television documentary(纪录片) to prove that not all gifted children are the result of extremely ambitious parents. Gifted children need support too and their lives don’t have to be that different. Cameron is an example.
[解题导语] 本文是一篇记叙文。通过讲述Thompson一家人的生活说明了任何孩子都需要亲人的支持和帮助，天才儿童的生活也如此。
1．What does Paragraph 1 indicate?
A．Cameron helps Emma with her math tasks.
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B．Teachers at school ignored Emma’s problems.
C．Both Cameron and Emma need parental support.
D．The couple often have fights because of Cameron.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“While help has always been available for Emma, Alison and her husband also have to fight to get Cameron the support he needs.”可知，Emma和Cameron都需要父母的支持，故C项正确。
2．What does the underlined phrase “having sailed through his GCSE” probably mean?
A．Having passed his GCSE easily.
B．Having taken his GCSE seriously.
C．Having worked hard at his GCSE.
D．Having suffered a lot from his GCSE.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章画线短语后的“at 11 and his Alevel at 12, achieving top grades”可知，Cameron在11岁就通过了GCSE考试，在12岁则通过了Alevel阶段的学习，故画线短语意为“轻而易举地通过GCSE考试”。
3．There are ________people in Mrs. Thompson’s family.
A．three B．four
C．five D．six
C 解析：细节理解题。文章提到了Thompson夫妇、儿子Cameron、女儿Emma和Bethany，所以Thompson一家共5个人。
4．What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Emma has learned to take good care of herself.
B．Cameron showed his gifts before primary school.
C．The children of the family are bright and gifted.
D．Gifted kids are not so different as people expect.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Gifted children need support too and their lives don’t have to be that different.”可知，天才儿童也需要支持，他们的生活不一定和别人不一样，即天才儿童不像人们所期望的那样事事不同于常人，故选D项。
B
(2017·烟台诊断)In an effort to discourage people from using plastics, scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products. From water bottles made from seaweed to cutlery(餐具) made from rice and wheat, a number of inventions are set to change the way we eat while we are on the go, or having a relaxing picnic in the park.
The idea of using seaweed to make ecofriendly(环保的) water bottles has been around for a few years. Recently, Ari Jonsson took his invention—a water bottle made from red seaweed—to
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show off at a festival. The bottles will only hold their shape as long as they are filled. As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down, though they would be perfectly safe to eat.Ari Jonsson’s bottles are a step closer to a widely used alternative to the current plastic ones.
The eatable water container is not the only product to add to our image of the future. Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons. After the success of his spoons, Mr. Pessapaty is ready to expand and introduce forks and chopsticks to his menu. His aim is to largely reduce the amount of plastic waste, which is a huge problem for waste sites all over the world. It is a product that may take up to 500 years to break down, and recycling companies worldwide are struggling to deal with it.
Aside from the obvious benefits to the environment, this new packaging is also cheap to produce and therefore cheap to buy. Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at home, possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends. Why not get experimenting and create your own recipes?
[解题导语] 为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，本文介绍了科学家发明的可食用的、环保的包装替代产品。
5．Why do scientists invent alternative packaging products?
A．To make people’s life more convenient.
B．To reduce the amount of plastic waste.
C．To change the way we picnic outside.
D．To show off their inventive talents.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In an effort to discourage people from using plastics...”可知，为了阻止人们使用塑料包装，科学家们发明了可替代的包装产品。故选B项。
6．What makes Ari Jonsson’s water bottles ecofriendly?
A．They can be made at home.
B．They are cheap to produce and buy.
C．They will hold their shape when they are filled.
D．They will break down themselves when empty.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“As soon as these bottles are empty they will begin to break down...”可知，水瓶一空，它们就会分解。也就是说，它们在被倒空时，会自己分解，所以使得这些水瓶很环保。故选D项。
7．What do Ari and Narayana’s inventions have in common?
A．They are convenient to carry.
B．They are safe to eat.
C．They can be used for a short time.
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D．They are heavier than plastics.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“...though they would be perfectly safe to eat”及第三段第二句“Narayana Pessapaty has also created eatable spoons.”可知，两人发明物的共同特点是它们都是可安全食用的。故选B项。
8．What can be inferred from this passage?
A．Homemade eatable cutlery is likely to be popular.
B．Eatable cutlery will completely replace plastics in the near future.
C．No recycling companies can break down plastic waste.
D．It’s unsafe for individuals to invent eatable cutlery at home.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Even better is the fact that similar eatable cutlery can be made at home, possibly a science project for children or just fun with friends.”可知，类似的可食用餐具可在家里自制，由此可猜测，这种餐具可能会变得很受欢迎。故选A项。
C
(2017·太原二模)“Stop all the rushing and screaming: too much excitement is bad for families. Kids are missing out on an essential life—relaxed down time，” says Dr. Charlotte Reznick.
“Parents work, and kids do scheduled activities—there’s little family time without pressure，” says Reznick. “One parent is taking the son to a soccer game, and the other parent is taking the daughter to her swim meet. Then there’s the art class, baseball practice, extra tutoring, and more! By the time the family meet up for dinner, everyone is exhausted.”
All the rushing makes for a short temper. “When parents are reduced to shouting at their children to get them to listen, they lower their own selfesteem as well as losing the respect of their children，” says Dr. Carl Pickhardt. “While parents think it shows they’re serious about what they’re saying, they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way.”
These days what kids are learning at school and from the outside is a lot greater than it used to be even just a generation ago.
“The problem is that stress relieving activities—reading, taking walks or hot baths,
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watching the sunset and other activities are not even part of most kids’ experience any more，” says Reznick.
“There are so many more social interaction opportunities in our computer age, but not all of them promote meaningful connections, which is another potential outlet for stress，” she says.
One way to relieve stress is a simple technique called “the balloon breath”. It’s a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react.
Here’s how to do it. Imagine a deflated(未充气的) balloon in your stomach—about two to three inches below your navel(肚脐). Slowly breathe in to a count of 1...2...3... and feel the lower belly expand, and flatten as you slowly breathe out to a count of 1...2...3...
[解题导语] 本文主要讲述了如何缓解孩子们的压力。
9．What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A．Kids can hardly enjoy family time due to heavy burdens.
B．Saturday is the only leisurely day of the week for kids.
C．The life of kids is becoming rich due to extra classes.
D．Parents have no time on weekends to care for their kids.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“By the time the family meet up for dinner, everyone is exhausted.”和本段的整体内容可推知，如今孩子们的负担沉重，几乎无法享受家庭时间，故选A。
10．What does Dr. Carl Pickhardt think of parents when they yell?
A．They have no selfconfidence.
B．They take what they say seriously.
C．They are always behaving like children.
D．They are less respected and seem desperate.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“losing the respect of their children”和最后一句“While parents think it shows they’re serious about what they’re saying, they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way.”可知，Dr.Carl Pickhardt认为，父母在大吼大叫时，孩子们对他们的尊重会减少，也显示出父母无助的绝望，故选D。
11．What is the function of “the balloon breath” according to the seventh paragraph?
A．To make one cool down.
B．To test one’s patience.
C．To raise one’s awareness.
D．To fill a balloon with air.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第二句“It’s a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react.”可知，这种方法的作用是使人们冷静下来，故选A。
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12．What is the purpose of the author writing this passage?
A．To tell educators to be patient.
B．To advise parents not to make life too stressful for kids.
C．To encourage kids to pursue creativity.
D．To show that kids need patience and love from their parents.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是如何缓解孩子们的重压，这是给父母提出的建议，故选B。
专题强化训练14 推理判断题——观点态度类/文章出处类[学生用书P103(单独成册)]
A
(2017·河南开封一模)According to the Global Times, it is reported that two online videos showing children telling their parents “I love you” have gone viral in China. The first, filmed by an Anhui TV station, shows a number of college students telling their parents they love them. The responses are mixed. “Are you drunk？” asked one parent. In another similar video, shot by a Shanxi TV station, a father responded even less patiently—“I’m going to a meeting, so cut the crap.”
Why don’t Chinese families use those words? Theories revolve around the nature of Confucian teaching. “The parents’ responses show that many Chinese are not good at expressing positive emotions，” Xia Xueluan, a sociologist from Peking University, told the Global Times. “They are used to educating children with negative language.”
This isn’t the first time that China has done some soulsearching about familial love—last year China Daily asked a crosssection of people if they said “I love you” to their parents，spouses, and children. “I have never said ‘I love you’ to my family, and I don’t think I will in the future，” one 56yearold man told the paper. “Saying it aloud is embarrassing for me.”
Still, that doesn’t mean that love can’t be expressed. In a separate article, China Daily spoke to Zhao Mengmeng, a 31yearold woman who said she had never told her father she loved him facetoface(“I find it a bit odd”). Sometimes actions speak louder than words. Zhao gave her father a photo album featuring photographs of them together on almost every one of her birthdays in June 2012. The pictures went viral online, being forwarded hundreds of thousands of times on Weibo.
“I didn’t sleep the night I heard about it，” her father told China Daily after the story attracted mainstream attention. “I have now memorized some of the comments on the collection
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of pictures.”
[解题导语] 中国人一直以含蓄著称，这一特点在向家人表达爱时也不例外。近来，两段视频引起了轰动，文章对此作了介绍。作者运用大量例子解释了中国人为什么不直接说“我爱你”，并列举了其独特的表达方式。
1．What can we infer from the text?
A．It is not direct for Chinese families to say “I love you”．
B．Chinese parents are too proud to express “I love you”．
C．Chinese parents are good at expressing positive emotions.
D．Young parents in China are willing to express “I love you”．
A 解析：推理判断题。文章第三段引入一位被采访者的观点：Saying it aloud is embarrassing for me.，下一段介绍了中国人对父母表达爱的特点：Sometimes actions speak louder than words.，即用行动而不是语言来向父母表达自己的爱，并列举事例进行证明。由此可推断，中国人通常不会向家人直接表达爱。故选A项。
2．Why don’t Chinese parents express “I love you” to their children?
A．Because they can’t express it.
B．Because they are not in the habit of expressing so.
C．Because they think it unnecessary.
D．Because they think it should be done only among young couples.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“I have never said ‘I love you’ to my family, and I don’t think I will in the future，” one 56yearold man told the paper. “Saying it aloud is embarrassing for me.”可知，中国的父母不习惯这样表达。
3．Zhao Mengmeng expressed “I love you” to her father by ________．
A．giving him an album containing their photos
B．kissing her father’s face and telling him by words
C．speaking it out bravely in a TV program
D．writing out the three words in a letter
A 解析：细节理解题。题干关键信息为Zhao Mengmeng，根据文章倒数第二段倒数第二句Zhao gave her father a photo album featuring photographs of them together on almost every one of her birthdays...可知，赵萌萌送给爸爸一个相册，里面是他们的照片，以此来表达对父亲的爱。故选A项。
4．What’s the author’s attitude toward the statements about “I love you”？
A．Opposed. B．Objective.
C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
B 解析：推理判断题。作者通过随机调查告诉我们，中国人为什么不习惯对家人说“I love
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you”，在分析完原因后，又通过具体的例子告诉我们中国人如何用一种含蓄的方式向家人表达爱。所有这些，作者只是在客观描述，没有添加自己的感情倾向。故选B项，objective意为“客观的”。
B
(2017·福建泉州检测)We know a lot about the advantages and disadvantages of reading a hardcopy book vs. reading electronically. The problem is, many of us refuse to listen.
Don’t get me wrong: Digital reading has some real advantages. Ask people what they like most about reading on digital screens, and you hear over and over again about convenience. More points for digital reading：ebooks tend to be cheaper. There’s also the environmental argument. Think of the trees!
Yet the soundness of this case is arguable. The earth metals to build ereaders are not just rare but highly poisonous. And think about all that energy needed to run servers and cooling fans. And remember, trees are a renewable resource.
Then, there’s the appeal of a hard copy. Many people prefer print when reading both for pleasure and for school or work. Drawing examples from my own research, some of the reasons are aesthetic(美学的). Others involve a sense of accomplishment, ease of annotation(“I can write on the pages”), and navigation(“easy to locate where I was”). Meanwhile, I hear abundant complaints about eye strain(眼疲劳) and headaches when using screens.
Much of what students liked about reading print involved their minds. They say “it’s easier to focus”. Some also acknowledged they took more time with printed text and read more carefully.
But what makes the failure of electronic reading is concentration. More than 92% of those I surveyed said they concentrated best when reading a hard copy. When a digital device has an Internet connection, it’s hard to resist the temptation(诱惑)．
So if digital interruptions don’t threaten your enjoyment or understanding of a text, then medium may not matter. Casual reading like David Baldacci? If you break to check sports scores, there will be little harm done. But just don’t expect to understand Joyce’s novels this way.
[解题导语] 文章主要介绍了在网络高度发达的社会中，电子书有愈来愈替代纸质书的趋势，然而作者通过对比两者的优缺点表达了对纸质书的青睐。
5．What is an advantage of reading a hardcopy book?
A．It is cheaper.
B．It is easier to carry around.
C．It helps people think deeper.
D．It provides instant information.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知，读纸质书能让人更专注、更认真，
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因此思考更深入。故选C项。
6．What’s the biggest problem of reading digitally?
A．Environmental concern.
B．Physical discomfort.
C．Lack of concentration.
D．Internet connection.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第六段第一句But what makes the failure of electronic reading is concentration.可知，电子书阅读的最大问题是缺乏专注。故选C项。
7．What’s the author’s attitude toward ereading?
A．Supportive. B．Disapproving.
C．Optimistic. D．Unconcerned.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三至六段尤其是最后一段可知，作者认为，如果电子阅读不会影响你阅读的愉悦感和对文本的理解，那么无可厚非。但是读类似乔伊斯的作品时就不是合适的选择了。由此可推测，作者对电子阅读持不赞成的态度。故选B项。
8．How is the passage mainly developed?
A．By analyzing possible reasons.
B．By providing typical examples.
C．By listing practical suggestions.
D．By presenting direct comparisons.
D 解析：推理判断题。文章的第二段主要讲了电子书的好处，第三段讲了电子书的缺点，第四、五段主要讲了纸质书的益处，第六段讲了电子书的缺点。因此整个文章是通过比较来写作的。故选D项。
C
(2017·辽宁重点高中第三次联考)Those who claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the body to make lots of insulin(胰岛素), and insulin causes fat growth.
How much insulin we produce is related to how fast food becomes sugar in our bloodstream. How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数), or GI rating tells us. Foods with GI scores above 75 are considered highGI foods, leading to faster sugar development. Bananas have a GI of 62, which is considered low.
Weight loss can be a struggle for anyone, but it is especially hard for diabetics(糖尿病患者). A study looked at how the starch from unripe bananas affected the weight of a group of obese
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diabetics. After four weeks of a diet high in bananas, diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet. They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet.
What’s more, bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers(Bananas are the most powerful fruit for lowering the risk of kidney cancer.). Bananas are also a rich source of fiber, which has been shown to help weight loss. Bananas that still have some green on the skin are even higher in fiber.
Skins from green bananas can be taken and, after removing the stem and dark tip, cut into small pieces 2－3 inches long and 1/2 inch wide. These pieces can be made into a tea or added to a dish. When you eat the skins, be sure you are eating organic bananas. The flesh of regular bananas is low in pesticides, but the skins are not.
[解题导语] 本文反驳了“吃香蕉会使人发胖”这一错误观点，告诉大家香蕉不会使身体分泌很多胰岛素而导致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉对身体健康有着诸多好处。
9．What conclusion can we draw from Paragraphs 1 & 2?
A．Bananas are likely to make people fat.
B．Insulin determines the amount of sugar.
C．LowGI foods can turn into sugar more slowly.
D．The faster the food becomes sugar, the less insulin.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数)．..faster sugar development.”可知，血糖指数高的食物往往能更快地转化成糖分，反之，血糖指数低的食物转化成糖分的速度较慢。故选C。
10．What does the author say about bananas?
A．Including bananas in diets is good for health.
B．Bananas can cure people suffering kidney cancer.
C．Eating organic bananas can protect people from strokes.
D．Bananas’ abundant fiber improves insulin sensitivity.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“...diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet. They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet.”及第四段的“bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers...weight loss.”可知，香蕉可以帮助人们减肥，也能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，由此可得出这样的结论：将香蕉列入日常饮食对人们的健康有益，故选A。
11．What is discussed in the last paragraph?
A．The use of banana skins.
B．The benefits of banana skins.
C．The importance of banana skins.
D．The ways of choosing organic bananas.
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A 解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“can be made into a tea or added to a dish”可知，本段主要讲的是香蕉皮的用途。故选A。
12．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage?
A．Education. B．Health.
C．Culture. D．Science.
B 解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，香蕉不仅有助于减肥，还能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，而且香蕉皮也有用处。由此可知，本文最有可能出现在报纸的健康专栏。故选B。
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