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课时作业11
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)
If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around. It's called Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly (多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.
There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with applethemed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards (果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.
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1．What can people do at the apple events?
A．Attend experts' lectures.
B．Visit fruitloving families.
C．Plant fruit trees in an orchard.
D．Taste many kinds of apples.
2．What can we learn about Decio?
A．It is a new variety.
B．It has a strange look.
C．It is rarely seen now.
D．It has a special taste.
3．What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．A practical idea.
B．A vain hope.
C．A brilliant plan.
D．A selfish desire.
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To show how to grow apples.
B．To introduce an apple festival.
C．To help people select apples.
D．To promote apple research.
答案与解析
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国10月21日的苹果节的相关情况。届时，人们可以观赏、品尝到多种品种的苹果。
1．D 细节理解题。根据关键句可知，在苹果节的活动上，人们可以品尝到许多不同品种的苹果。故选D。
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2．C 推理判断题。根据关键句可推知，Decio苹果如今很罕见。故选C。
3．B 词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，一些品种已适应了当地特有的生长条件，其中一些优良品种需要温暖的气候、肥沃的土壤等，因此由于不具备这些生长条件，对于大多数喜欢某些特定品种的人来说，想要种植是不现实的；由此可推断，画线词“a pipe dream”应意为“不现实，妄想，白日梦”，B项意思与之最接近。故选B。
4．B 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国10月21日的苹果节的相关情况。届时，人们可以观赏、品尝到多种品种的苹果，甚至还有幸可以见到一些仍然存在的稀有品种；由此可知，本文旨在向读者介绍苹果节的相关信息。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2017·湖南省长沙市长郡中学考试)
People from every corner flooded into the streets that Christmas Eve. “Frosty the Snowman，” and “Jingle Bells” __1__ in stores; on the pavements, the street singers performed happily. Everyone was __2__ by someone else, delighted and cheerful. I was alone.
As one of 8 kids of a Brazilian family, brought up in America's crowded apartment, I'd spent several years searching for aloneness. Now, __3__， at 27, a college student after the __4__ with my girlfriend , every cell inside me wanted to be alone, __5__ not at Christmas. My family had __6__ to Brazil and my friends were __7__ with their own lives. Dusk was approaching, and the fact that I had to return to my __8__ home made me sad. Lights from windows was blinked, and I hoped someone would __9__ from one of those homes to invite me inside with a Christmas tree decorated with shiny fake snow and __10__ presents.
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At a market, I felt more __11__ when people were buying lots of goods, which __12__ the gifts we received as children in my mind. I missed my family and wanted to cry for wanting to be alone and for having achieved it.
Outside the church, a manger(小耶稣) had been set __13__. I stood with others watching the scene, some of them __14__ themselves, praying. As I walked home, I realized that leaving Brazil was still a painful experience as I struggled with __15__ I had become in 15 years in America. I'd mourned the __16__， but for the first time, I recognized what I'd gained. I was independent, __17__ and healthy. My life was still ahead, full of __18__.
Sometimes the best gift is the one that you give yourself. That Christmas, I gave myself __19__ for what I'd obtained up to now and promise to go forward. It is the best gift I've ever got, the one that I most __20__.
1．A.shared B．played
C．served D．held
2．A.accompanied B．employed
C．attended D．supported
3．A.usually B．extremely
C．really D.eventually
4．A.breakup B．date
C．sympathy D．concern
5．A.so B.but
C．and D.or
6．A.moved B．slipped
C．came D.returned
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7．A.pleased B．satisfied
C．occupied D．bored
8．A.shabby B．empty
C．warm D.cozy
9．A.turn up B．hang out
C．go away D．break in
10．A.dealt B．discounted
C．wrapped D．donated
11．A.tired B．nervous
C．excited D．upset
12．A.reminded B．remained
C．mentioned D．introduced
13．A.down B．up
C．aside D.about
14．A.hugging B．bowing
C．crossing D．bending
15．A.how B．which
C．what D.that
16．A.cases B．limits
C．losses D.worries
17．A.lonely B．educated
C．shy D.wealthy
18．A.possibility B．sight
C．sadness D．hardship
19．A.surprise B．defeat
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C．prize D.credit
20．A.select B．value
C．save D.admit
答案与解析
本文记叙了在那个圣诞节时，我送给自己的是肯定和许诺，肯定自己过去的努力，许诺自己将不惧一切，奋勇向前。那是我曾收到过的最好的礼物，我最珍惜的圣诞礼物。有时候，我送给自己的礼物才是最好的礼物。
1．B 考查动词辨析。A.shared分享；B.played玩耍；播放；C.served服务；D.held持有；抓住。由语境中的“Frosty the Snowman，” and “Jingle Bells”这两首耳熟能详的圣诞歌可知这里应是圣诞歌在商店播放，故选B。
2．A 考查动词辨析。A.accompanied陪伴；B.employed雇佣；C.attended参加；D.supported支持。由后面一句话“I was alone.”把我一个人独处的情形和周围的人都有人陪伴形成对比，故选A。
3．D 考查副词辨析。A.usually经常地；B.extremely极端地；C.really真正地；D.eventually最终地。由前一句“I'd spent several years searching for aloneness.”推理出多少年来一直在寻求独处的机会，现在这里我终于可以一个人了，故选D。
4．A 考查名词辨析。A.breakup分手；B.date约会；C.sympathy仁慈；D.concern关心。由原文“every cell inside me wanted to be alone”可知我之所以倍感孤独，推理出因为和女友分手了，故选A。
5．B 考查并列连词辨析。A.so于是；B.but但是；C.and和；D.or否则。虽然失恋想一个人待会儿，但是却不想圣诞节这样，前后有转折关系，故选B。
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6．D 考查动词辨析。A.moved搬家；B.slipped滑倒；C. came来到；D.returned返回。由第二段开头“As one of 8 kids of a Brazilian family”知道我是巴西后裔，所以这里推理家人回去过圣诞了，故用returned，故选D。
7．C 考查形容词辨析。A.pleased感到满意的；B.satisfied感到满意的；C.occupied已占用的；D.bored感到无聊的。我独自呆在街上，家人回巴西了，朋友们都在忙于自己的生活，这里“be occupied with”有“忙于”之意，故选C。
8．B 考查形容词辨析。A.shabby 破旧的；B.empty空的；C.warm暖和的；D.cozy舒适的。夜幕降临，我不得不回到我那个空荡荡的家，这让我很难过，所以填empty更衬托出孤单，故选B。
9．A 考查动词短语辨析。A.turn up出现，露面；B.hang out挂出，闲逛；C.go away走开；D.break in打断，闯入。我希望灯光闪烁的房子里有人出现请我进去跟他们共庆圣诞，用“turn up”表示“出现”之意，最符合语境，故选A。
10．C 考查形容词辨析。A.dealt处理好的；B.discounted已折扣的；C.wrapped包裹好的；D.donated被捐献的。圣诞树下的礼物一般都是包装好的，故选C。
11．D 考查形容词辨析。A.tired感到疲惫的；B.nervous紧张的；C.excited感到激动的；D.upset不安的，难过沮丧的。第二段描述了作者在街上孤独的心情，在市场看到人们为圣诞购物的气氛，作者的心情越发难过了，所以选择upset最贴切，故选D。
12．A 考查动词辨析。这里有点触景生情，别人购买的物品让我想起了孩提时代收到的礼物，我越发想家了，故选A。
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13．B 考查副词搭配。在教堂外面，为庆祝圣诞，小耶稣已经被架起来了，set up建立，竖起，符合语境，故选B。
14．C 考查动词辨析。A.hugging拥抱； B．bowing鞠躬； C．crossing横过，交叉； D．bending弯曲。由后面的“praying”可以看出旁边有的人正在祈祷，可以想象他们在用手在胸前划十字，用crossing更恰当，故选C。
15．C 考查关系词辨析。 由原文“leaving Brazil was still a painful experience as I struggled with__15__I had become in 15 years in America.”可知离开巴西始终是我一次痛苦的经历，我一直在想，15年的美国生活让我变成了一个什么样的人，该处为what引导的宾语从句且what在从句中作表语，故选C。
16．C 考查名词辨析。A.cases情境；B.limits限制；C.losses丢失；D.worries担忧。由后文“I recognized what I'd gained.”知道，我意识到我得到了一些东西，推理出前面应该是为失去的难过，故选C。
17．B 考查形容词辨析。A.lonely孤独的；荒凉的；B.educated受过教育的；有教养的；C.shy害羞的；D.wealthy富有的。由第二段“a college student”知道我是大学生，所以算得到很好的教育，故选B。
18．A 考查名词辨析。A.possibility可能性；B.sight视力；景象；C.sadness悲伤；D.hardship悲伤。由“My life was still ahead.”知道生活会继续向前，会有一切可能，故选A。
19．D 考查名词辨析。A.surprise惊奇；B.defeat打败；C.prize奖；D.credit信用；信誉；信任。这个圣诞节我给自己的礼物就是对自己已经取得的赞誉及对未来的承诺，故选D。
20．B 考查动词辨析。A.select 挑选；B.value珍惜；C.save节省；D.admit承认。这份礼物是我收到的最好的礼物，也是我最珍惜的。“value”有“珍惜，重视”之意，故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
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(2017·开封一中、武邑中学、鹤壁高中、新乡一中、安阳一中联考)
Amalie Emmy Noether was born in Germany in 1882－an environment in which a female could hardly find a chance to success.Noether __1__(initial)went through the traditional educational route for women：she finished school，and became__2__(qualify) to teach English and French.But she soon found her passions in math.
__3__(obtain)higherlevel math education，Noether applied to join a university.Unfortunately, German universities did not accept female students，so Noether was only allowed to audit(旁听)classes.However，she did so well in the exams __4__she was allowed to graduate from the university.She experienced similar discrimination when __5__(apply)for a job.In fact，she had to accept __6__position without being paid at the University of Gottingen and wrote lectures under a man's name!
Noether struggled and __7__(success)to find a place in the field of mathematics.What's more，Noether began studying physics, __8__led to her greatest __9__(discover)of Noether's Theory and changed the face of physics.
Over the past few years，Noether's work __10__(get)the recognition it deserves；she was honored with a Google doodle on her 133rd birthday，March 23,2015.
答案与解析
Amalie Emmy Noether是德国女数学家。本文是她的一篇简介。
1．initially 考查副词。用副词修饰谓语动词部分went through。故填initially。
2．qualified 考查形容词。在系动词become后面要跟形容词作表语。qualified是形容词，意思是“合格的；有资格的”
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。故填qualified。
3．To obtain 考查非谓语。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。表示“为了获取更高一级的数学教育”。故填To obtain。
4．that 考查连词。本句运用了“so...that...”句式，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
5．applying 考查非谓语。本句运用了状语从句的省略，when后面省去了she was。故填applying。
6．a 考查冠词。此处指“接受了一份职位”。故填a。
7．succeeded 考查时态。根据and之前的struggled可知，此处也用一般过去时态。故填succeeded。
8．which 考查连词。此处运用了非限制性定语从句，引导词which指代主句“Noether began studying physics”。故填which。
9．discovery 考查名词。在形容词后面跟名词，此处指“Noether's Theory的发现”。故填discovery。
10．has been getting/has got 考查时态。根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，本句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填has been getting/has got。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·广东实验中学月考)
Yesterday our club held English speech contest, which theme was “Challenge Myself”．Many students take part in it, and delivered their wonderful speech. A great many of teachers and students crowded into the hall in order that see their performances. On the stage, no matter whatever pressure the speakers were facing, they bravely overcame them to achieve great success. What's more, they impressed us deep with their unusual confidence. Through such an activity, we gained a lot.
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However, our club is growing stronger and more mature.
答案
Yesterday our club held English speech contest, theme was “Challenge Myself”．Many students part in it, and delivered their wonderful . A great many teachers and students crowded into the hall in order see their performances. On the stage, no matter pressure the speakers were facing, they bravely overcame to achieve great success. What's more, they impressed us with their unusual confidence. Through such an activity, we gained a lot. ， our club is growing stronger and more mature.
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