由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
课时作业28
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·海南省海口市第一中学月考)
Should every teenager be given a vaccine(疫苗)against the effects of nicotine, and so prevent them becoming addicted to cigarettes?
This controversial possibility seems likely to happen in the future, thanks to the development of a new vaccine for nicotine addiction. The vaccine was designed for people who want to quit smoking but who repeatedly relapse(复发)．But since most countries are failing to cut the number of children taking up smoking, many people will want to know whether the vaccine should be used far more widely if it proves to be effective.
“The vaccine will be tested first on relapsing smokers, then on those who plan to quit, then on those who are not yet completely addicted，” says Frank Vocci of the National Institute of Drug Abuse. “The final step would be vaccinating young people before they even try smoking, but that's a long way down the road.”
John Roberts, medical director of British drug company Xenova, is very enthusiastic. “I think prevention is a huge opportunity，” he says. “If you can take away the pleasure nicotine gives, then teenagers who start smoking are more likely to stop before it becomes a habit.”
80% of smokers start in their teens, with 360,000 teenagers and children in the U．S. taking up the habit per year. But would the vaccine be given to all teenagers or only a selected few? “It's hard to decide which children are most at risk of becoming smokers，” says Amanda Sandford of Action on Smoking and Health. Instead she favors education
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
as a way of discouraging children from smoking. Nabi Biopharmaceuticals is also cautious, “It is very difficult to know what is the right age to give the vaccine to children.”
There are also worries about giving the vaccine to longterm adult smokers. Will addicted smokers simply try to beat the vaccine's antibodies(抗体)by smoking more? Gary Norwith, Nabi's clinical director, says this would be almost impossible. “You'd have to stick an entire pack of cigarettes in your mouth and smoke for hours to beat the antibodies，” he says.
1．What's Roberts's attitude towards giving teens the vaccine?
A．Cautious. B．Positive.
C．Doubtful. D．Worried.
2．What may Sanford agree with?
A．Older children have the right to decide.
B．Children are most at risk of becoming smokers.
C．Every child should be given the vaccine.
D．It's important to educate children on the danger of smoking.
3．Norwith's words in the last paragraph suggest that ________.
A．the vaccine is effective in helping addicted smokers
B．it is hard for children to become longterm smokers
C．longterm adult smokers smoke for hours every day
D．he is worried about the vaccine's longterm effects
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Strong effects of nicotine.
B．Stop them before they start.
C．More teenagers become addicted.
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
D．Protect teenage nicotine addiction.
答案与解析
每个青少年都应该注射尼古丁疫苗来阻止他们吸烟上瘾吗？本文围绕这一问题展开了讨论。
1．B 根据第四段中John Roberts, medical director of British drug company Xenova, is very enthusiastic.“I think prevention is a huge opportunity，”可知Roberts持积极态度。故选项B正确。
2．D 根据第五段Instead she favors education as a way of discouraging children from smoking.一句可知Sanford认为重要的是要教育孩子们吸烟的危害。故答案选D。
3．A 根据最后一段中Will addicted smokers simply try to beat the vaccine's antibodies(抗体)by smoking more? Gary Norwith, Nabi's clinical director, says this would be almost impossible.可知Gary Norwith认为疫苗很有效。故答案A正确。
4．B 通读全文可知本文围绕“每个青少年都应该注射尼古丁疫苗来阻止他们吸烟上瘾吗？”这一问题展开了讨论。故答案B正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·长安一中检测)
Having bad feeling about world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.” __1__
1)__2__
It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food,
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
more convenient transport, bigger houses, and better cars. __3__ This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be.
2)Brilliant advances
One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for. __4__Today it's half second.
3 )Let's not kill ourselves for climate change
__5__ A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossilfuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet (止血带) around our necks.
A．Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he's carefully weighed the evidence.
B．Overreaction to climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.
C．Shopping fuels invention.
D．And, of course, we earn more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.
E．In 1950 it was eight seconds.
F．It's high time that we took immediate action to fight climate change.
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
G．Here's how he explains his views.
答案与解析
人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观的。在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。
1．G 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。此处起到了承上启下的作用，根据上句：世界现在是一个非常适合居住的地方，它将持续不断地使人类和大自然变得更好。可知，此处是对后文几条建议的综述。故选G。
2．C 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。根据本段第一句：据报道仅在伦敦就有100多亿产品在销售；再根据本段最后一句可知，购物刺激发明创造，刺激消费，促进生产，这种情况越多，我们将会越富有。根据句意和句子结构，可知是社会的需求、人们生活的提高而更加刺激和促进了发明与创造。故选C。
3．D 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。根据上句：我们这一代有更多的营养食品，更方便的交通，更大的房子和更好的汽车。再根据下句：只要用这些钱制造其他的东西，这将会持续。可知，此处在叙述“我们”这一代比前辈们更为优越的几个方面。所以，D项内容符合上下文。故选D。
4．E 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。根据前后的“In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for...Today it's half second.”可知，作者以“照明”为例子在叙述其在各个时代的发展。故选E。
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
5．B 考查上下文理解以及逻辑推理。根据空格后的例子：一个孩子死于户内的烟，和文章最后一句可知，如果气候变化证明是轻微的，然而降低二氧化碳会引起麻烦，那么很可能会发现我们用止血带缠绕脖子以此止住鼻血。此处暗指对气候变化的过度反应存在危险。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·新疆兵团第二师检测)
A group of frogs were traveling through the woods, and two of them __1__(fall) into a hole. All the other frogs looked down. When they saw how deep __2__ hole was, they told the two frogs that they would die soon.
At first, both of the two frogs didn't care their words and tried __3__ best to jump out of the hole. The other frogs kept telling them to stop, because they thought there was no chance __4__ (jump) out of such a deep hole. Finally, one of the two frogs believed these words and gave up. He fell down and died.
The other frog continued to jump as hard as he could. Once again, the crowd of frogs shouted at him to stop the pain and just die. He jumped even __5__ (hard) and finally succeeded. When he got out, the other frogs asked, “Didn't you hear us？” __6__ their great surprise, the frog turned out to be deaf. He thought they were helping him all the time, not __7__ (stop) him.
This story teaches two lessons: There is power of life and death in the tongue. Wellmeant words can help people in trouble. But, evil words sometimes can kill them. Be careful of __8__ you say.
Remember the power of words. Anyone can speak words __9__ are likely to make people give up in difficult __10__ (time).
答案与解析
两只青蛙同时落入深井中，上面的青蛙对他们大喊：“你们出不来了，不要跳了。”
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
一只青蛙听到他们的喊声，放弃了，最后死了。而另一只青蛙一直在跳，最终跳出来了。原来，他听不见，他以为上面的青蛙在给他加油呢！由此可见，人们说的话有时能够影响他人的生死。
1．fell 考查动词的时态。由全文可知应用一般过去时态。
2．the 考查冠词。前文已提到a hole，此处再提到应用定冠词。
3．their 考查代词。their 代指本句中的two frogs。
4．to jump 考查非谓语动词。名词chance 后常用不定式作后置定语。
5．harder 考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，这只青蛙听到同伴们的喊声，跳得比以前更用力，因此填hard的比较级形式harder。
6．To 考查介词。to one's surprise “使某人吃惊的是……”为固定搭配。
7．stopping 考查动词的形式。根据句意 stopping 与前边helping 应为并列关系，因此形式相同。
8．what 考查宾语从句。句中的Be careful of 之后为宾语从句，且从句中say后缺宾语，故填what。
9．that/which 考查定语从句。
10．times 考查名词。difficult times “困难的时候”。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·贵州省凯里市第一中学检测)
Dear Peter，
Our school photography club is going to hold a International High School Student Photography Show.The theme of the show is environmentally protection.It will start from June 15th but last for three weeks.Any student who are interested is welcome to participate.I know you take good picture and you've always wanted to do something for
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
environmental protection.I remember you show me some photos on that theme the last time you visited in our school.This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.If you want join，you can send our photos to intelphotoshow@gmschool.com.
I'm looking forward to hear from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
Dear Peter，
Our school photography club is going to hold International High School Student Photography Show.The theme of the show is protection.It will start from June 15th last for three weeks.Any student who interested is welcome to participate.I know you take good and you've always wanted to do something for environmental protection.I remember you me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.If you want join，you can send photos to intelphotoshow@gmschool.com.
I'm looking forward to from you soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅴ.书面表达
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
(2017·广西省柳州市铁一中学月考)
假如你叫张华，你们的英文校报“English Garden”向你约稿。请结合下列提示，就图书馆的情况给校长写一封信，说明新建的图书馆很漂亮，但存在一些问题。
问题包括：1.阅览室的座位少；2.星期六、日不开放；3.无法知道有什么新书可看。最后对反映的问题提出自己的建议。
注意：1.词数120～150；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，内容充实。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
I'm writing to tell you that all of us are nice to see our newlybuilt library open. It is so beautiful and wellequipped that we all like to make the most of our spare time here. But there is something we should deal with as quickly as possible.
First of all, there aren't plenty of seats in the readingroom, so we have to stand reading and thus can't take notes. Besides, the library is closed at weekends, but in fact, we students have more spare time only at weekends to enjoy reading. What's more, we don't know what new books are available.
I suggest that our school library provide more seats and be kept open at weekends. Also, a notice should be put up if there are new books available.
I would appreciate it a lot if you take that into consideration and take some steps to solve them.
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
由莲山课件提供http://www.5ykj.com/ 资源全部免费
微信/支付宝扫码支付