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课时作业32
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·海南省海口市第一中学月考)
Why do human beings still risk their lives under ground and doing one of the dirtiest and most dangerous jobs in the world? It is an increasingly urgent question, given the recent mining accidents in Sago, W. Va and Huntington, Utah. A small group of engineers and robotics experts look forward to a day in the nottoodistant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining work.
Robotic technology, in particular, holds much promise, McAteer says, especially when it comes to mapping mines and rescuing trapped miners—the special operations of the mining industry.
One of the first mining robots was developed five years ago at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute. It was called Groundhog. It used lasers(激光器) to “see” in dark tunnels and map abandoned mines—some of the most dangerous work in the business.
The latest design is called Cave Crawler. It's a bit smaller than Groundhog，and even more advanced. It can take photos and videos and has more sensors that can detect the presence of dangerous gases. Incredibly，the robot has a real sense of logic. If it comes across an obstacle it gets momentarily confused. It has to think about what to do and where to go next. Sometimes it throws_a_fit just like a real person.
The greatest problem, though, is cost. The money of the earliest research project was provided by the government, but that money had dried up, and it's not clear where future money will come from. Partly for that reason, and partly because of advances in safety, mining is not nearly as dangerous as it was in the past. Since 1990, fatalities(致命性) have
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declined by 67% and injuries by 51%, according to the National Mining Association.
Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive industry. The robots do the most boring and dangerous jobs，but won't get rid of the need for human workers.
1．The latest robot is more advanced than Groundhog, mainly because ________.
A．it can map abandoned mines
B．it has a real sense of logic
C．it can see in the dark tunnels
D．it's smaller than Groundhog
2．The underlined phrase “throws a fit” in paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．gets sick B．gets angry
C．becomes hungry D．becomes cheerful
3．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.
A．the mine robots will have a very bright future
B．robots in mines will serve much in the automotive industry
C．there will be no need for human workers in mines
D．robots in mines only do some simple jobs now
4．We can infer from the text that ________.
A．robots cannot do dangerous work in dark areas
B．the mining robots do most of the mining work at present
C．groundhog can discover the presence of dangerous gases
D．experts are trying to make robots help miners with dangerous
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work
答案与解析
文章介绍了一种新研发的机器人，和以前的Groundhog相比，它有真正的逻辑能力，最重要的是，它可以帮助矿工们做一些危险的事情。
1．B 从文章第四段的句子：Incredibly，the robot has a real sense of logic.可知最新的机器人比Groundhog更先进，因为它有真正的逻辑能力，故选项B正确。
2．B 从第四段的句子：If it comes across an obstacle it gets momentarily confused.Sometimes it throws a fit just like a real person.有时它会像真人一样生气，可知“throws a fit”意思是“生气的”，故答案选B。
3．A 从最后一段的句子：Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive industry.可知矿场机器人有更光明的未来，故答案A正确。
4．D 从文章第一段的句子：A small group of engineers and robotics experts look forward to a day in the nottoodistant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining work.可知这篇文章讲的是研究人员正研究在矿场工作代替工人做危险的工作的机器人，故答案D正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·河南省部分重点中学联考)
It's normal to wake briefly during the night. __1__ But if you're waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep，the following tips may help.
Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing
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to prepare your body for sleep，so remain in bed in a relaxed position. Hard as it may be，try not to stress over the fact that you're awake，because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake. __2__
__3__ If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep，try a relaxation technique such as visualization(想象), or deep breathing，which can be done without even getting out of bed. Remind yourself that although they're not a replacement for sleep，rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.
Do a quiet, nonstimulating activity. If you've been awake for more than 15 minutes, try getting out of bed and doing a quiet，nonstimulating activity，such as reading a book. Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up. __4__ A light snack might relax you，but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.
__5__ If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something，make a brief note of it on paper and delay worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to resolve.
A．Make relaxation your goal，not sleep.
B．Put off worries and troubles.
C．Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.
D．In fact，a good sleeper won't even remember it.
E．Also avoid screens of any kind—computers，TVs，cell phones，iPads.
F．You'll be much more productive and creative after a good night's rest.
G．A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling in
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your body.
答案与解析
作者就如何解决晚上睡不着觉这一问题，给了我们一些建议。
1．D 根据语境可知，晚上醒来然后睡不着这事情很正常。事实上，睡眠质量好的人不会记住这件事。但是，有些人再次入睡很困难。故选D。
2．G 根据此段的第一句话提示可知，答案为G。
3．A 根据此段中“try a relaxation technique”提示可知，答案为A。
4．E 根据语境可知，此处作者建议当我们睡不着觉时，不要做的一些事情。故选E。
5．B 根据下文作者建议当我们因为担心某事睡不着觉时，应该先把担心的事情放一放。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·三明一中月考)
One day at The Dubai Mall, a workmate warned that a sandstorm was going on. I didn't know __1__ a sandstorm looked like and I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. I received an __2__ (amaze) look because he thought I was crazy to even want to see a sandstorm. I decided to go to the bus stop to ride a bus that would take me home. Another workmate joined me as he __3__ (head) towards the same street as I was. We stepped off The Dubai Mall with our eyes half closed and our faces __4__ (cover). I got into the bus and felt safe for the next half hour. After __5__ (get) off the bus, I saw rubbish here and there. I passed through several streets __6__ (reach) the apartment building and I still couldn't bear keeping my eyes wide open. It was __7__ (real) dangerous knowing that countless __8__ (car) were on the road and it was already
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dark. I went inside a shop and bought some food for dinner. I could see sand on the floor of the shop. But I was happy that the storm stopped afterwards. This was the first time I __9__ (be) in a sandstorm in Dubai and I don't ever want to be in __10__ again.
答案与解析
本文为记叙文。文章中，作者记叙了自己遭遇沙尘暴的一次经历。
1．what 考查宾语从句。分析句子成分可知，此处为 know 的宾语从句，连词在从句中充当 look like 的宾语，意为“一个沙尘暴看起来是什么样子的”。故填 what。
2．amazed 考查词性转化。句意：我收到了一个(感到)惊奇的表情，因为他认为我想看沙尘暴简直是疯了。分析句意可知，此处修饰的 look 是他(感到)吃惊的表情，应使用 ed 形容词。故填 amazed。
3．was heading 考查动词时态。句意：我的另一个同事加入了我，因为他正去我要去的那个街道。根据句意可知，此处应使用过去进行时。故填 was heading。
4．covered 考查非谓语动词。cover 与 face 之间为逻辑动宾关系，此处表被动，应用过去分词，意为“我们的眼睛半闭着，脸被罩着”。故填 covered。
5．getting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，此处 after 为介词，其后应用 ing 形式，意为“在下车之后”。故填 getting。
6．to reach 考查非谓语动词。分析句意可知，此处应使用不定式表目的，意为“为了到达那座公寓大楼，我们穿过了几条大街”。故填 to reach。
7．really 考查词性转化。此处修饰形容词 dangerous，应使用副词形式，意为“那真地是危险的”。故填 really。
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8．cars 考查名词的数。根据空前 countless 可知，此处应使用 car 的复数形式。故填 cars。
9．had been 考查动词时态。句型：“This/It was the＋序数词＋time＋that...”(这是第几次做某事)中，从句谓语动词要求使用过去完成时。故填 had been。
10．one 考查不定代词。句意：我再也不想遇到一次沙尘暴了。根据句意可知，此处表泛指。故填 one。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·海南省海口一中质检)
Dear Lily，
I had been expecting to travel to the USA since I was young so that I can experience the American culture personal. I'm writing to ask for some advices. My family plan to travel there during the coming winter vacation. We are to spend the week in New York, where is a large city, and this is our first time travel abroad. Know that you are familiar with the places of interest worth seeing, I hope you can offer to me some suggestions and recommend some attractions. I would appreciate that if you could reply to me soon. I'm also looking forward to see you in New York.
Yours，
Helen
答案
Dear Lily，
I been expecting to travel to the USA since I was young so that I can experience the American culture . I' m writing to ask for some . My family plan to travel there during the coming winter
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vacation. We are to spend week in New York, is a large city, and this is our first time travel abroad. that you are familiar with the places of interest worth seeing, I hope you can offer me some suggestions and recommend some attractions? I would appreciate if you could reply to me soon. I'm also looking forward to you in New York.
Yours，
Helen
Ⅴ.书面表达
假定你是李华，最近你在当地报纸上看到一则游泳培训班的广告，称其有称职教练( instructor)，一周包会。你会一点游泳，但水性不太好，想在暑假参加训练。请你写一封咨询信了解相关情况，要点如下：
1. 训练的具体时间和地点。2. 条件和费用。3. 其他想要咨询的事项。
注意：
1．词数 100 左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam，
I have read your advertisement in the newspaper. ________________
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____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
答案
Dear_Sir/Madam，
I_have_read_your_advertisement_in_the_newspaper. You mentioned in it that your instructors are fully qualified and you ensure that learners will be able to swim well after one week's training.I can swim a little but I'm not very confident in the water.So I'm interested in taking part in the training course.Fortunately, the summer holiday is around the corner.I'm writing to inquire when and where the course will be given, and how long the training course will last each day.I also want to know how much you will charge me for that.Besides, would you be so kind as to tell me whether there is anything special that should be prepared or does your company provide everything necessary?
I_am_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you_soon.
Yours_sincerely，
Li_Hua
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