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课时作业27
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017· 湖北省枣阳市白水高中月考)
Walt Whitman was born in 1819 in Long Island, New York. Whitman received most of his education outside of the classroom. At the age of eleven, he worked in a law office as an office boy where he became interested in reading. He was soon reading the works of famous authors like William Shakespeare and Homer, and was well on his way to becoming one of America's most wellknown poets.
By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he had already worked as a printer's learner, a worker, and a teacher. Though he disliked teaching, he excelled in the profession, developing a friendly relationship with his students; he even allowed them to adress him by his first name. He also developed fresh teaching techniques and learning games to help his students with spelling and maths. In his early twenties, however, he gave up teaching to pursue (追求) a fulltime career as a journalist and poet.
When Walt Whitman first appeared as a poet, his arrival onto the American literary scene was met with controversy. His first collection of poems, Leaves of Grass, was so unusual that no commercial publisher would print the work. In 1855 Whitman published, at his own expense, the first edition of his collection of twelve poems.
Whitman's poetic style was uncommon in the sense that he wrote poems in a form called parallelism (对句法), in which his goal was to copy the flow of the sea and the quicklypassing nature of human emotion. A common theme in Whitman's poetry is selfrealization. In his work, Whitman moves from conventional patterns of rhyme to create a unique
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rhythm and a multilayered, but truly American voice.
“Although Whitman was considered a revolutionary by many, there is little doubt he loved his country deeply.” In his writing, he used slang (俚语) and various images, or voices, to create a sense of national unity.
For Whitman, the “proof of a poet is that his country absorbs him as affectionately as he has absorbed it.” Whitman has undoubtedly become a part of the cultural history and image of America.
1．Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________.
A．Whitman's education
B．Whitman's early career
C．how Whitman became a poet
D．why Whitman's poems were popular
2．When Whitman first appeared as a poet, ______.
A．he received a warm welcome
B．his literary road was not easy
C．he became famous for his unusual style
D．his poetic style was copied by other poets
3．What was Whitman's greatest literary contribution?
A．He expressed human emotion in his writing.
B．He showed that flow of the sea in his poems.
C．He used slang to show his love for his country.
D．He created a unique rhythm and an American voice.
答案与解析
本文讲述的是Whitman作为诗人所做出的贡献。
1．B 段落大意题。根据第二段By the time Whitman was seventeen years old, he had already worked as a printer's learner, a
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worker, and a teacher. Though he disliked teaching, he excelled in the profession, developing a friendly relationship with his students; he even allowed them to adress him by his first name. He also developed fresh teaching techniques and learning games to help his students with spelling and maths. 到17岁的时候，他做过印刷工、当过工人和做过一个学习游戏，帮助他的学生拼写和数学。In his early twenties, however, he gave up teaching to pursue (追求) a fulltime career as a journalist and poet.然而，在20多岁时，他放弃教学追求一个记者和诗人的全职事业。故选B。
2．B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一、二句When Walt Whitman first appeared as a poet, his arrival onto the American literary scene was met with controversy. His first collection of poems, Leaves of Grass, was so unusual that no commercial publisher would print the work. Walt Whitman最初作为诗人出现的时候遭遇争议。他的第一部诗集找不到出版商。故选B。
3．D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Whitman moves from conventional patterns of rhyme to create a unique rhythm and a multilayered, but truly American voice. 他创造了一个独特的节奏和一个美国的声音。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2016·北京高考)
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch __1__ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be __2__ if it struck the
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town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. __3__， the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town's __4__ was already full of ice, so it couldn't come by ship. Cars and horses couldn't travel on the __5__ roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn't exist yet.
__6__ January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were __7__. Nome's town officials came up with a(n) __8__. They would have the medicine sent by __9__ from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled (狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as “mushers”—would __10__ it to Nome in a relay (接力)．
The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. __11__ he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to __12__ a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most __13__ part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would __14__，and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his __15__. He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to __16__ the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen's lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, __17__ to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by.
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Suddenly, Balto began to __18__. He had found the trail.
At 5：30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dogs __19__ in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.
Nome had been __20__.
1．A.examined B．warned
C．interviewed D．cured
2．A.harmless B．helpless
C．fearless D．careless
3．A.Moreover B．Therefore
C．Otherwise D．However
4．A.airport B．station
C．harbor D．border
5．A.narrow B．snowy
C．busy D．dirty
6．A.From B．On
C．By D．After
7．A.tired B．upset
C．pale D．sick
8．A.plan B．excuse
C．message D．topic
9．A.air B．rail
C．sea D．road
10．A.carry B．return
C．mail D．give
11．A.Though B．Since
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C．When D．If
12．A.enter B．move
C．visit D．cross
13．A.shameful B．boring
C．dangerous D．foolish
14．A.escape B．bleed
C．swim D．die
15．A.memory B．exit
C．way D．destination
16．A.find B．fix
C．pass D．change
17．A.pretending B．trying
C．asking D．learning
18．A.run B．leave
C．bite D．play
19．A.gathered B．stayed
C．camped D．arrived
20．A.controlled B．saved
C．founded D．developed
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文。阿拉斯加一个小镇上的很多孩子都得了一种传染病，而治疗这种病的药物由于冰雪天气却无法送达。最后人们想出办法，用狗拉雪橇接力运送的方法，挽救了镇上的一些患病儿童。
1．
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A 考查动词辨析。句意为：在当月的20号，Welch医生给一个生病的男孩Billy做了检查，了解到他患的是白喉，这是一种主要感染小孩的致命传染病。examine意为“检查”；warn意为“警告”；interview意为“面试，采访”；cure意为“治愈”。根据下文“knew he had diphtheria”可知，医生给小男孩做了检查。故选A。
2．B 考查形容词辨析。句意为：如果该病在整个小镇爆发，那么Nome的孩子就将都没救了。harmless意为“无害的”；helpless意为“无助的，(身体等)无保护的”；fearless意为“无所畏惧的”；careless意为“粗心的”。根据上文“mainly affecting children”可知，这种传染病如果在整个小镇爆发，很多小孩都会无力抵抗。故选B。
3．D 考查副词辨析。句意为：Welch医生需要尽快用药以防其他儿童感染上这种疾病。然而，最近的供给远在千里之外的Anchorage。moreover意为“还有，此外”；therefore意为“因此，所以”；otherwise意为“否则，不然”；however意为“然而”。根据语境可知，上下文表示转折，应用however。故选D。
4．C 考查名词辨析。句意为：药物如何送达Nome小镇呢？这个小镇的港口已全部被冰覆盖，所以不能通过船运。airport意为“飞机场”；station意为“火车站”；harbor意为“海港，港口”；border意为“边界”。根据下文中的“by ship”可推知，此处应指港口。故选C。
5．B 考查形容词辨析。句意为：车辆和马匹不能在冰雪路面上行进。而喷气式飞机和大卡车当时还没有。narrow意为“狭窄的”；snowy意为“被雪覆盖的”； busy意为“繁忙的”；dirty意为“脏的”。根据上文“full of ice”和“due to heavy snow”可知，此处应指冰雪路面。故选B。
6．C 考查介词辨析。句意为：截止到1月26日，Billy和另外三个儿童已经死亡。“by＋过去时间”作状语时，主句谓语动词用过去完成时。故选C。
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7．D 考查形容词辨析。句意为：又有20个(孩子)患病。tired意为“疲劳的”；upset意为“难过的”；pale意为“苍白的”；sick意为“患病的”。根据上文并结合语境可知，此处应指这种传染病使另外20名儿童患病了。故选D。
8．A 考查名词辨析。句意为：Nome镇的官员想出了一个计划。plan意为“计划”；excuse意为“借口”；message意为“信息”；topic意为“话题”。根据下文“They would have the medicine sent...in a relay(接力)．”可知，此处指官员想出了一个运输药物的计划。故选A。
9．B 考查名词辨析。句意为：他们将把药物通过火车从Anchorage运送到Nenana。 by air意为“空运”；by rail意为“通过铁路运输”；by sea意为“通过海运”；by road意为“通过陆路运输”。根据第五段第二句中的“from the train”可知，此处指通过铁路运输。故选B。
10．A 考查动词辨析。句意为：从那儿开始，狗拉雪橇的驾驶员——被称作“mushers(赶狗拉雪橇的人)”——将会以接力的方式把药物送到Nome小镇。carry意为“运送，搬运”；return意为“返还”；mail意为“邮寄”；give意为“给予”。根据语境可知，此处应指将药物运到Nome小镇。故选A。
11．C 考查连词辨析。句意为：当Shannon把药品传递给下一位赶雪橇的人时，他的脸已经被严寒冻青了。表示“当……时”用when。故选C。
12．D 考查动词辨析。句意为：在1月31日那天，一位名叫Seppala的赶雪橇的人不得不穿过一片叫做Norton Sound的冰雪水域。enter意为“进入”；move意为“移动”；visit意为“参观，拜访”
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；cross意为“穿越，穿过”。根据下文“But Seppala made it across.”可知，此处表示穿过。故选D。
13．C 考查形容词辨析。 句意为：那是这场运输中最危险的部分。Norton Sound被冰层覆盖，而有时冰层会悄无声息地破裂。如果发生了那样的情况，Seppala将会掉进冰水里。shameful意为“羞愧的”；boring意为“无聊的”；dangerous意为“危险的”；foolish意为“愚蠢的”。根据语境并结合下文可知，此处指这一区域是危险的。故选C。
14．D 考查动词辨析。句意为：他会死，Nome小镇上患病的孩子们也会死。escape意为“逃脱”；bleed意为“流血”；swim意为“游泳”；die意为“死亡”。根据上文“fall into the icy water below”可知，此处指Seppala会有失去生命的危险。故选D。
15．C 考查名词辨析。句意为：2月1日，一场暴风雪袭来。一位名叫Kaasen的赶雪橇的人不得不勇敢地穿过暴风雪。暴风雪曾一度挡住了他的去路。memory意为“记忆”；exit意为“出口”；way意为“行进路线”；destination意为“目的地”。根据下文“He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them.”可知，此处应指暴风雪挡住了他的去路。故选C。
16．A 考查动词辨析。句意为：情况如此凶险，他不可能再次找到雪橇的痕迹。find意为“找到”；fix意为“安装，修理”；pass意为“穿过”；change意为“改变”。根据句意可知，当他绕过雪堆之后，找不到原来雪橇的痕迹。故选A。
17．B 考查动词辨析。句意为：唯一的希望寄托在Kaasen的领航犬Balto身上。Balto把鼻子贴着地面，试图嗅到其他狗拉着雪橇经过时留下的气味。pretend意为“假装”；try意为“试图”；ask意为“
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要求”；learn意为“学会，了解”。根据下文“If Balto failed”可知，此处表示它在尝试找到其他狗留下的气味。故选B。
18．A 考查动词辨析。句意为：时间一分一秒地过去了。突然，Balto开始奔跑。他找到了路。run意为“奔跑”；leave意为“离开”；bite意为“咬”；play意为“玩耍”。根据语境可知，因为Balto找到了路，所以它才会突然奔跑起来。故选A。
19．D 考查动词辨析。句意为：在2月2日早上5：30分，Kaasen和他的狗到达了Nome小镇。几分钟内，Welch医生就拿到了药品。他迅速给患病的儿童用药。gather意为“聚集”；stay意为“停留”；camp意为“野营”；arrive意为“到达”。根据语境可知，此处表示他们到达了Nome小镇。故选D。
20．B 考查动词辨析。句意为：Nome小镇得救了。control意为“控制”；save意为“挽救”；found意为“建立”；develop意为“发展”。根据上文“All of them recovered.”可知，此处表示Nome小镇得救了。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·长安一中检测)
Suppose you will go blind 3 days later? How would you spend those 3 precious days? What would you see before going into darkness forever?
I should want __1__ (much) to see the things which have become dear to me through my years of darkness. I should want to see the people whose __2__ (kind) and company have made my life worth __3__ (live). First I should like to stare long __4__ the face of my teacher, Mrs. Anne Sullivan Macy, who came to me when I was a child and __5__ (open) the outer world to me. I should want not merely to see the outline of her face, so that I could cherish __6__ in my memory, but to study that face and from it find the evidence of the love and patience with
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__7__ she accomplished the difficult task of my education. I should like to see in her eyes that strength of character which has enabled her to act __8__ (brave) in the face of difficulties, and that sympathy for all humankind __9__ (show) to me so often.
Oh, those things above would be the things that I should see if I __10__ (have) the power of sight for just 3 days!
答案与解析
这篇文章节选自海伦·凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》，文中作者讲述如果有三天光明最想做的事情。
1．most 句意： 我自然最想看到这些年陪我度过了这么长的黑暗岁月里最宝贵的东西。使用much的最高级。故填most。
2．kindness 形容词whose修饰名词。kindness是“善良”的意思。故填kindness。
3．living be worth doing意为“值得做”。这里是形容词作宾语补足语。故填living。
4．at 此处使用短语stare at，意为“凝望”。故填at。
5．opened 根据上文“who came to me when I was a child”可知，and后面的句子用一般过去时。故填opened。
6．it 根据上下文可知这里指“the outline of her face”，所以用it代替。故填it。
7．which 此处使用定语从句，先行词是“the love and patience”，定语从句中介词with后面缺少宾语，用which引导。故填which。
8．bravely 修饰动词act要用副词。故填bravely。
9．shown 此处作定语修饰“all humankind”，而all humankind和show是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填shown。
10．had 根据上文“those things above would be the things that I
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should see”可知，if条件句用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。故填had。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·长安一中检测)
Dear friends，
It is real a good chance to have met all of you here. We have spent several precious weekends in learning in the English Club. Although we have been member for a short period of time, we have made a great progress. That is why we are all very active and the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful. Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and tried their best to make the activities lively and interested. I am very pleased to say that all of us has greatly improved their spoken English so far. I am looking forward seeing all of you again in the near future! Thank you.
答案
Dear friends，
It is a good chance to have met all of you here. We have spent several precious weekends in learning in the English Club. Although we have been for a short period of time, we have made great progress. That is we are all very active and the activities are not only enjoyable also helpful. Besides, the foreign teachers here work hard and their best to make the activities lively and . I am very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved spoken English so far. I am looking forward seeing all of you again in
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the near future! Thank you.
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