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课时作业1
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·永安六校联考)
One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school?
Listen—Listen when they are talking. Don't say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.
Help them—If your friends are ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first, but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra(额外的)pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.
Be there for them—Try to make something for your friends to help make them feel better in hard times. Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend. Marilyn Monroe, a famous U．S. actor, once said, “I often make mistakes. Sometimes I am out of control. But if you can't stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve(值得)to be with me at my best.” Always remember this! If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times, then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!
________—Try to make plans with your friends. Go shopping, go for ice creams, have a party, go to a movie and so on. Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy. But planning things together, you both can have a good time. And you'll remember these things when you're both old!
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1．While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings, you should ________.
A．give him or her some advice
B．calm him or her down
C．just listen unless asked
D．share your feelings as well
2．What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words?
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B．A friend is easier lost than found.
C．Life without a friend is death.
D．A man is known by his friends.
3．Which of the following can be put in the blank of the last paragraph?
A．Make plans.
B．Enjoy yourself.
C．Understand your friends.
D．Play with your friends.
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．How to find a good friend.
B．How to help friends in trouble.
C．How to make more friends.
D．How to be a good friend.
答案与解析
友谊是世界上最为珍贵的一种情感，那么你怎么才能收获他人的友谊，让他或她做你的朋友呢？你要做的就是要首先成为他人的朋友。文章告诉你该如何做。
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1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段看出要想成为朋友，其中一条就是要学会倾听。“they just need someone to talk to about their feelings”理解为“有时候，他们(朋友)需要的只是有人能够倾听他们谈论内心情感”。故选C。
2．A 推理判断题。“But if you can't stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best”意为“在我最糟糕的日子里，如果你不能留下来和我一起；那么你一定不是我最好的朋友(不值得拥有)。”可以推断出“患难见真情”。故选A。
3．A 段落大意题。本段讲到和朋友在一起做事情也要有所计划。“一起计划做事情，你们俩才能有一个好的时光。”故选A。
4．D 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知，世上最重要的事情之一是友谊，想交朋友，你必须准备好当个朋友，但你怎样才能在学校当个好的朋友呢？因此得知，D是文章主旨。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2017·山西大学模块诊断)
I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I'm left __1__. Why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other __2__？
I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, __3__ children from different races and religions played and studied __4__ in harmony. At that time my family lived a stone's __5__ from Ismail's. And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu—we just __6__ our differences. Perhaps, our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice, well __7__ or otherwise.
We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, we'd __8__ the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to __9__ the unexpected. At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a
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rare shopping trip to town. We would be glad of his __10__.
When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismail's family later returned to their village, and I __11__ touch with him.
One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I __12__ my destination. The driver acknowledged my __13__ but did not move off. Instead, he looked __14__ at me. “Raddar？” he said, using my childhood nickname (绰号). I was astonished at being so __15__ addressed (称呼)．Unexpectedly! It was Ismail! Even after two __16__ we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something __17__to describe.
If we can allow our children to be __18__ without prejudice, they'll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be __19__ their side through thick and thin. On such friendships are societies built and __20__ we can truly be, as William Shakespeare once wrote, “we happy few, we band of brothers”．
1．A.pleased B．interested
C．excited D．puzzled
2．A.parties B．cities
C．races D．villages
3．A.which B．when
C．how D．why
4．A.alone B．around
C．together D．apart
5．A.throw B．move
C．drop D．roll
6．A.refused B．sought
C．accepted D．made
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7．A.paid B．treated
C．preserved D．meant
8．A.search B．explore
C．discover D．desert
9．A.get through B．deal with
C．come across D．take away
10．A.arrival B．company
C．effort D．choice
11．A.missed B．lost
C．developed D．gained
12．A.stated B．ordered
C．decided D．chose
13．A.attempts B．arrangements
C．instructions D．opinions
14．A.fixedly B．anxiously
C．disappointedly D．carelessly
15．A.coldly B．strangely
C．fully D．familiarly
16．A.decades B．months
C．departures D．years
17．A.possible B．funny
C．clear D．hard
18．A.them B．us
C．themselves D．ourselves
19．A.from B．with
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C．against D．by
20．A.still B．then
C．instead D．otherwise
答案与解析
本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过回忆童年时与Ismail的友谊，呼吁人们消除种族偏见，增进理解，珍惜真正的友情。
1．D 根据下一句中的“Why do these people create mistrust and problems...”可知，“我”感到困惑。故选D。
2．C 根据下文第二段第一句中的“from different races and religions”和最后一段中的“regardless of race or religion”可知，此处谈论的是不同种族的人之间产生的不信任或冲突。
3．B 这是一个由when引导的非限制性定语从句。在那个时候，不同种族和宗教信仰的孩子们在一起和谐地玩耍和学习。
4．C 从in harmony“和谐”可以推知，孩子们在一起玩耍和学习。
5．A 本题考查固定短语，a stone's throw表示“非常靠近”。
6．C 根据上文“And no one was bothered...”可知，两个不同种族和宗教信仰的孩子能和谐相处，彼此都能接受对方的差异。accept表示“接受”。
7．D 句意：也许我们的长辈没有给我们灌输不必要的建议，出于善意或者其他原因。well meant“本意良好的，出于好心的”。
8．B 根据下文的“hoping to ________ the unexpected”可知，我们是去探索农村，期望能有一些意外的收获。
9．C come across“偶遇”；get through“通过，接通电话”；deal with“处理”；take away“带走，拿走，取走”。根据语境，宾语是the
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unexpected，故选C。
10．B 根据上文“At times Ismail would accompany my family...”可知，此处表示我们因为有Ismail的陪伴而感到开心，故选B。
11．B 根据下文空后面的“Even after two ________ we still recognized each other.”可知，“我”和Ismail很久没有见面了，由此可推知，他们失去了联系。lose touch with“与……失去联系”。
12．A 此处表示“我”说出目的地。state作动词，表示“说明；陈述”。
13．C 司机听到“我”的指示，却没有出发。instruction“提示，命令”，符合语境。
14．A 相反，他紧盯着“我”。fixedly“固定地；不动，不变”。
15．D 根据上一句中的“he said, using my childhood nickname(绰号)”可知，“我”对这么亲切的称呼感到吃惊。familiarly“熟悉地，友好地”。
16．A 根据第二段第一句中的“in the early 1960s”以及第五段第一句中的“in 1983”可知，大概过了二十年，故选A。
17．D “我”抓紧他的肩膀，有一种难以描述的真实的亲切感。
18．C 此处表示“如果我们能允许我们的孩子没有偏见地正常地生活”。be oneself“显得自然；(尤指身体、精神等方面)处于正常状态”。
19．D 他们将同甘共苦，互相帮助。through thick and thin“同甘共苦”，by one's side“在某人身边”，是固定用法。
20．B 社会建立于这样的友情之上，这样我们才能成为如威廉·莎士比亚所说的“少数幸福的人，团结的兄弟”。then表示承接。
Ⅲ.语法填空
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(2017·河北辛集中学模拟考试)
When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible—and it can be surprisingly __1__ (benefit) to your physical and mental health. So far, research __2__ (show) that people who forgive can have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. “People who forgive show __3__ (little) anger and more hopefulness，” says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good. “So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people __4__ (feel) more energetic.”
So when someone has hurt you, cool down first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something__5__gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don't wait for an__6__ (apologize). “Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing，” says Dr. Luskin. “They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things in __7__same way. So if you wait for people to say sorry, you could be waiting a very long time.”
Next, keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean __8__ (accept) the action of the person who upsets you. Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things __9__ the other person's perspective. You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to__10__ (you) from that person's point of view.
答案与解析
文章就如何原谅别人给我们一些建议。
1．beneficial 考查形容词。be beneficial to意为“对……有益”，beneficial是形容词，作表语。
2．has
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shown 考查主谓一致。research是不可数名词，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，该句时间状语为so far(迄今为止)，故谓语动词要用现在完成时态。综上所述，该空填has shown。
3．less 考查比较级。该空和后面的more hopefulness呼应，故该空填little的比较级less。由语境可知，那些原谅别人的人，他们不那么生气，更有希望。
4．to feel 考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配，故该空填to feel。
5．that 考查定语从句。“________ gives you pleasure”是定语从句，修饰something，引导词在从句中作主语，且先行词是不定代词，故用关系代词that引导该从句。
6．apology 考查名词。an是不定冠词，后面跟单数名词。故该空填apology。
7．the 考查冠词。same意为“同样的”，常和定冠词连用。故该空填the。
8．accepting 考查非谓语动词。mean doing sth.意为“意味着……”，是固定短语，故该空填accepting。
9．from 考查介词。from one's perspective意为“从某人的角度”，是固定短语，故该空填from。
10．yourself 考查反身代词。句意：你可能想给自己写封信。由句意可知，该空填you的反身代词yourself。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·海南中学月考)
As it is often the case, when people are attending meetings, having meals or waiting for buses, you can always find them addicting to their phones, completely ignoring others.
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This is really a common phenomena in our life. The reason is why smart phones nowadays can be used for people to play mobile games and kept in touch with friends through QQ and WeChat. Therefore, too much exposure to phones are bad for people in terms of health. Moreover, people involved in phones fail to communicate well with these around them.
As far as I am concerned, people should wisely make use of their phones to help their work and study. Meanwhile, care much about their family and friends rather than mobile phones.
答案
As is often the case, when people are attending meetings, having meals or waiting for buses, you can always find them to their phones, completely ignoring others.
This is really a common in our life. The reason is smart phones nowadays can be used for people to play mobile games and in touch with friends through QQ and WeChat. ， too much exposure to phones bad for people in terms of health. Moreover, people involved in phones fail to communicate well with around them.
As far as I am concerned, people should wisely make use of their phones to help their work and study. Meanwhile, care about their family and friends rather than mobile phones.
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