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综合能力测试五
第一部分 听力(1～20题略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2017·贵州省铜仁市第一中学测试)
I wish there would be a way to describe China in simple terms but that's impossible. For the most part Chinese people are friendly, easygoing and optimistic. They are curious and unusually patient and they are also the hardestworking people I have ever met.
In China, family is everything. In my English classes when the students were asked what they would do if they only had a few hours to live, most students told me how they would spend their last few hours with their families and parents. Many times the subjects in the classes center on families and friends. I teach many students a year, talking to them freely.
The cost of living here is very low compared with that of the US. The city of Xiang Fan I live in isn't large and I live better. Nonimported(非进口的)foods are very cheap, so are clothing and articles of everyday use. The cost of public transportation is very low, too. Chinese value education. However, it is reported that many children can't afford the expenses of schooling and are forced to leave school in some poor areas in China. But they organized Project Hope many years ago. It creates conditions for the poor children to go back to school. In my opinion, Project Hope is of great importance to the development of the
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rural education.
When we read news of China in the west, rarely, if ever, will we see anything mentioned of the positive changes China has gone through. While it is true that economic miracles have not reached many areas of China, but we also have the same problems.
When I am asked which country I consider better, China or the US, my answer has always been the same, “We are not worse or better than each other; we are only different.”
21．What is the author doing in China?
A．He is teaching English in a school.
B．He is visiting the places of interest.
C．He is studying in a college.
D．He is on business.
22．What are NOT cheap in China in the author's opinion?
A．Clothes and shoes made in China.
B．Local foods.
C．Imported foods.
D．Public transportation tickets.
23．We can infer from the passage that the author thinks ________.
A．the westerners have got to know China well
B．the progress of China is seldom reported in the US
C．China's economic miracles have appeared everywhere
D．the education in rural areas is never cared about in China
答案与解析
文章讲述了“我”一个美国人对中国文化的认识。
21．A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的I teach many students a
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year, talking to them freely.可知，他在一所学校教英语。故选A。
22．C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的Nonimported foods are cheap.可知，非进口的食品便宜，这就意味着进口的食品不便宜。故选C。
23．B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的When we read news of China in the west, rarely, if ever, will we see anything mentioned of the positive changes China has gone through.可知，在西方很少看到对中国进步的报道。故选B。
B
(2017·永安、连城、华安、漳平、泉港、龙海联考)
“Your homework is to collect sounds and take them down，” Mrs. Olson said before class was over. She handed out sheets of paper shaped like giant ears.
On his way home, Colin glared out the schoolbus window. Not fair, he thought. How could he collect enough sounds on his family's farm? If only he lived in the town.
He got off the bus when it stopped at his mailbox. But he wasn't in the mood to wave as it drove away.
“I'm home！”Colin called when he pushed open the gate. He threw his schoolbag down on a kitchen chair.
“How was school？” His mother asked, walking in with his baby brother on her shoulder.
“I've got homework，” Colin complained.
“Eat something before doing_your_chores.” His mother gave him the animal biscuits. Colin ate two tigers, three lions, and a seal, then drank some milk.
Astrid, Colin's dog, woofed as Colin walked toward the
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barn(谷仓)．Her young dogs were yipping. Colin placed dog food into their pan. In the chicken house, Colin hurried two hens from their nests.He put their warm eggs into his jacket. The black cow napped in the sun. Colin woke her when he poured corn into her pan. “Moo, thank you！”she seemed to say.
Colin put the eggs in the kitchen, then climbed to his tree house as usual. He could see Dad's beehives(蜂箱)by the field. Six hives usually meant plenty of humming noise. But today he couldn't hear it over the chattering sound of the sparrows. How could a person think?
“QUIET！”Colin shouted.
Suddenly, he sat up straight. Cows mooed and young dogs yipped. Chickens crackled in their yard. When Astrid began woofing below, Colin smiled broadly. “I hear you！”he called. He hurried down from the tree.
24．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 7 refer to?
A．Doing his homework.
B．Helping with farm work.
C．Playing with animals.
D．Babysitting his brother.
25．How many animal sounds are mentioned in the text?
A．4. B．5.
C．6. D．7.
26．What will Colin most probably do next?
A．Walk Astrid.
B．Gather honey.
C．Draw a giant ear.
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D．Record the sounds.
答案与解析
本文是一篇记叙文。记叙了Colin为了完成老师布置的作业，放学后在家里听见的各种声音。
24．B 句意理解题。根据后文“Astrid, Colin's dog, woofed as Colin walked toward the barn(谷仓)．”可知为帮助干农活，故选B。
25．C 细节理解题。根据文中“Her young dogs were yipping. ”“Moo, thank you！”“Six hives usually meant plenty of humming noise.”“the chattering sound of the sparrows”“Chickens crackled in their yard.”“Astrid began woofing below，”可知一共有6种声音，故选 C。
26．D 推理判断题。根据第一段及第二段“How could he collect enough sounds on his family's farm？”可知后来Colin将收集声音完成老师的作业，故选D。
C
(2016·天津高考)
When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who
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made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mentalhealth scores with their boyhoodactivity scores. Points were awarded for parttime jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
Working—at any age—is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn't everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.”
27．What do we know about John?
A．He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B．He had few childhood playmates.
C．He received little love from his family.
D．He was envied by others in his childhood.
28．Vaillant's words in Paragraph 2 serve as ________.
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A．a description of personal values and social values
B．an analysis of how work was related to competence
C．an example for parents' expectations of their children
D．an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
29．Vaillant's team obtained their findings by ________.
A．recording the boys' effort in school
B．evaluating the men's mental health
C．comparing different sets of scores
D．measuring the men's problemsolving ability
30．What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Quick to react.
B．Having a thin edge.
C．Clear and definite.
D．Sudden and rapid.
31．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Competent adults know more about love than work.
B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C．Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D．Independence is the key to one's success.
答案与解析
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了童年的工作经历可以帮助人们在成年之后拥有更美好和更健康的生活。
27．A 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句可知，John工作顺利，婚姻幸福。由此可知，他很享受他的工作和婚姻，A项与原文相符。根据第一段内容可知，B、C、D三项均与原文不符。故A项正确。
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28．D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可推知，Vaillant的话解释了一些男孩长大后成为一个快乐的人的原因。故D项正确。
29．C 细节理解题。该题提问的是Vaillant团队通过什么方式获得了研究成果。根据第三段第三句可知，Vaillant团队是通过比较男性们不同时期的不同分数来获得研究成果的。故C项正确。
30．C 词义猜测题。根据下文列举的孩提时代的工作对人们长大后的影响力可推知，此处的sharp意为“明显的，鲜明的，清晰的”，与C项意思接近。A项意为“反应快的”；B项意为“边缘薄的”；D项意为“突然并且快速的”，均与原文不符。故C项正确。
31．B 推理判断题。该题提问的是从最后一段可以推断出什么。根据最后一段第二至四句可推知，健康的情感生活是美好的成年生活的关键。根据最后一段最后一句可知，A、C两项错误；D项原文未提及。故B项正确。
D
(2017·邵东三中月考)
Let's face it.No one drinks diet(饮食)soda(苏打) for the taste.People drink diet soda in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it.Yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect, according to a new study.
Researchers from the University of Texas said those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist(腰) size increases that were six times greater than those of people who didn't drink diet soda.“What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank, the more weight they were likely to gain，” said Sharon Fowler.
The study was based on data from 474 participants in a large, ongoing research project, where the participants were followed for nearly
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10 years.
While the findings are surprising, they also offer some explanations.
Nutrition(营养) expert, Melanie Rogers, who works with overweight patients in New York, has found that when patients are switched(改变) from regular to diet soda, they don't lose weight at all.“We weren't seeing weight loss necessarily, and that was confusing to us，” said Rogers.
So why would diet soda cause weight gain? No one knows for sure yet, but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda, and so overcompensate (补偿)for the missing calories(卡路里热量单位).
A related study found some sweeteners (甜味剂) raised blood sugar levels in some mice.” Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion of diet sodas and artificial(人造的) sweeteners may be risky，” said study researcher Helen P·Hazuda, professor at the University of Texas's school of medicine. They may be free of calories, but not of consequences.
32．People drink diet soda to ________.
A．stay in fashion
B．enjoy its taste
C．gain more energy
D．achieve weight loss
33．The new study suggests that drinking diet soda______.
A．helps people to be healthier
B．causes people to become heavier
C．offers people more calories
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D．makes people much thinner
34．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．diet soda drinkers tend to eat more food
B．regular soda makes people lose more weight
C．most blood diseases come from diet soda
D．diet soda does help reduce calories
35．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Diet soda is good for your health
B．Diet soda may cause overweight
C．Sweeteners can raise blood sugar levels
D．A research about nutrition
答案与解析
本文介绍了一项有关饮食营养的研究。
32．D 细节理解题。根据第一段中it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it.可知有些人认为食用苏打有助于减肥。故选项D正确。
33．B 细节理解题。根据第二段those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist(腰) size increases that were six times greater than those of people who didn't drink diet soda.一句可知答案选B。
34．A 细节理解题。根据第六段中people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda, and so overcompensate (补偿)for the missing calories(卡路里热量单位)．可知答案A正确。
35．B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文介绍了一项有关饮食营养的研究。故答案B正确。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2017·河北省石家庄市第二中学联考)
Nowadays, edictionaries are more and more popular among students. They may be lighter and compacter(简洁的) than any paper dictionary. __36__ However, Edictionaries should be limited in their use in classrooms, for there are many limits.
__37__ In Japan, prices range from 10,000 yen ($100) to 40,000 yen, depending on how many functions you want and depending on how fashionable you are. A trusty Random House paper dictionary costs $12.95 plus tax.
Edictionaries are more fragile. Drop your paper dictionary. Go ahead. Hold it above your head and drop it. __38__
Edictionaries have keypads.__39__ Besides, it is more time consuming than looking through pages and using the index at the top of each page.
Finally, let's consider making corrections or additions. When you find something you'd like to change in the edictionary, you can pencil in some notes with the paper type. __40__
A．However, it is impossible to do so with a keypad model.
B．They may even contain more words and expressions.
C．Typing in the spelling of a word is harder.
D．Now, try this with any lightweight plastic edictionary, and you'll be picking up the pieces.
E．That huge, heavy paper dictionary that you see in your library looks like a building block in size and weight.
F．Edictionaries have advantages as well as disadvantages.
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G．Edictionaries are much more expensive.
答案与解析
文章主要介绍了电子词典，对比了电子词典和传统的纸质词典在重量、词汇量、价格、使用等方面存在的差异。
36．B 根据空前句子“They may be lighter and compacter than any paper dictionary.”(它们可能比纸质词典更轻、更简洁。)可知，此处在讲电子词典的优势，选项中只有“它们甚至可能包含更多的单词和短语”是在描述电子词典的优点，另外答案选项中的may与上文句子相呼应。故选B。
37．G 根据下文中的“In Japan, prices range from 10,000 yen ($100) to 40,000 yen，...”“A trusty Random House paper dictionary costs $12.95 plus tax.”可知电子词典比纸质词典在价格上高很多。故选G。
38．D 本段指出电子词典是比较易碎，接下来进行对比。空前句子在讲试着扔纸质词典，那么这里应指“现在扔电子词典试试”。故选D。
39．C 根据空前句子“Edictionaries have keypads.”(电子词典有袖珍键盘)及空后句子“Besides, it is more time consuming than looking through pages and using the index at the top of each page.”(此外，它要比浏览页面和使用每页顶部的索引还要耗费时间)，可知此处应指使用键盘输入单词是比较困难的。故选C。
40．A 本段主要对比电子词典和纸质词典在修正和标注方面的差异，纸质词典上我们可以用笔在上面做标注，但是我们不可能用键盘去做。故选A。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
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第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2017·遵义四中月考)
My mom only had one eye. One day during elementary school, my mom came and I was very __41__. So I threw her a __42__ look and ran out. The next day at school, my classmates __43__ me, saying: “Your mom only has one eye？！”
I hated my oneeyed __44__ and our poverty, so I decided to study hard to grow up and become __45__. Later I left my mother for Seoul, where I studied in a high school and then got __46__ in Seoul University. Then, I got married, bought a house and had kids too. I lived __47__ as a successful man!
__48__， my mom came. My little girl ran away, __49__ her eye. So I screamed at her: “How dare you come to my house and frighten my daughter! Get out of here now！” My mother __50__ answered, “Oh, I'm so sorry. I may have gotten the wrong __51__，” and she disappeared.
One day a few years later, a letter regarding a school reunion came to my house. I __52__ to my wife, saying I was going on a business trip. After the reunion, I went down to my old __53__ out of curiosity, and I found my mother lying on the cold ground with a piece of __54__ in her hand. It was a letter to me. It __55__：
My son，
I miss you so much. I was so glad when I heard you were coming for the __56__. But I decided not to go to the school for you. I'm __57__ I only have one eye and made you embarrassed.
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You see, when you were very little, you got into an accident, and __58__ your eye. As a mother, I couldn't __59__ watching you having to grow up with only one eye, so I gave you mine.
I miss you so much. I love you. You __60__ the world to me.
My world shattered (粉碎)! Then I cried for the person who lived for me...My Mother!
41．A.pleased B．embarrassed
C．disappointed D．surprised
42．A.delightful B．comfortable
C．pitiful D．hateful
43．A.laughed at B．shouted at
C．smiled at D．glared at
44．A.daughter B．father
C．mother D．wife
45．A.addicted B．cheerful
C．successful D．ashamed
46．A.accepted B．punished
C．cared D．touched
47．A.difficultly B．happily
C．gratefully D．stressfully
48．A.Hurriedly B．Finally
C．Expectedly D．Suddenly
49．A.tired of B．worried about
C．scared of D．curious about
50．A.angrily B．quietly
C．unwillingly D．thankfully
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51．A.direction B．number
C．address D．sense
52．A.reacted B．lied
C．replied D．promised
53．A.classroom B．office
C．dormitory D．house
54．A.paper B．chalk
C．cloth D．glass
55．A.introduced B．included
C．continued D．said
56．A.vacation B．journey
C．reunion D．appointment
57．A.sorry B．nervous
C．amazed D．excited
58．A.injured B．lost
C．cured D．destroyed
59．A.stand B．help
C．avoid D．enjoy
60．A.compare B．show
C．associate D．mean
答案与解析
这是一篇夹叙夹议的情感文章。作者因为自己母亲是一只眼而厌恶妈妈，而母亲却依然在离世前还爱着自己的孩子。这是一篇歌颂母爱的文章，让人看后心中无不为母亲而感动。
41．B 根据上文“My mom only had one
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eye.”作者的妈妈只有一只眼。一天妈妈到作者的学校，作者感到很尴尬。embarrassed尴尬的。故选B。
42．D 根据下文“ran out”可知，作者讨厌地看着她，跑开了。hateful十分讨厌的。故选D。
43．A 根据下文“saying: ‘Your mom only has one eye！’”可知，作者的同学都嘲笑他。laughed at嘲笑。故选A。
44．C 根据上文“My mom only had one eye.”可知，作者讨厌一只眼的妈妈。mother母亲。故选C。
45．C 根据上文“so I decided to study hard to grow up”可知，作者决定努力学习长大并变得成功。successful成功的。故选C。
46．A 根据上文“where I studied in a high school”可知，作者后来被首尔大学录取。accepted接受。故选A。
47．B 根据下文“as a successful man”可知，作者作为一个成功的人快乐地生活。happily快乐地。故选B。
48．D 根据下文“My little girl ran away，”可知，突然，我妈妈来了。Suddenly突然。故选D。
49．C 根据上文“My little girl ran away，”可知，作者的女儿害怕她的眼睛。scared of害怕。故选C。
50．B 根据下文“Oh, I'm so sorry. I may have gotten the wrong”可知，作者的妈妈安静地回答。quietly安静地。故选B。
51．C 根据上文“How dare you come to my house and frighten my daughter! Get out of here now！”可知，作者的妈妈说她可能地址弄错了。address地址。故选C。
52．B 根据下文“saying I was going on a business trip”可知，作者向妻子撒谎了。lie撒谎。故选B。
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53．D 根据下文“and I found my mother lying on the cold ground”可知，作者出于好奇回到旧房子。house房子。故选D。
54．A 根据下文“It was a letter to me.”可知，作者的妈妈手里拿着一张纸躺在冰冷的地上。paper纸。故选A。
55．D 根据下文可知，这些是信上写的内容。said写到。故选D。
56．C 根据上文“a school reunion”可知，作者的妈妈听说作者要来聚会很高兴。reunion聚会。故选C。
57．A 根据下文“I only have one eye and made you embarrassed.”可知，作者的妈妈只有一只眼睛，让作者感到尴尬，她感到难过。sorry难过。故选A。
58．B 根据上文“you got into an accident”可知，作者出了事故失去了一只眼睛。lost失去。故选B。
59．A 句意：我不忍心看着你只有一只眼睛长大。stand忍受。故选A。
60．D 根据上文“I miss you so much. I love you.”可知，你对我意味着一切。mean意味着。故选D。
第二节 (共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2017·湖南师大附中月考)
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar __61__(divide) the year into 24 solar terms.Cold Dew, the 17th solar term of the year begins this year on Oct.8, __62__ (last) 16 days, during which time temperatures are lower than in White Dew in most areas of China.The dew (露水) is greater and colder and there will be __63__ (little) rain.Autumn crops
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will be ripe.Here are several things you should know about Cold Dew.
1．Foggy autumn
Temperatures drop __64__ (significance) in October.When the cold air meets autumn rain, the water vapor in the air soon reaches saturation(饱和), and then it turns into rain or fog.
2．Season for fishing
People always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn __65__(do) make sense.That's __66__ during the Cold Dew period, temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine cannot reach the deep water thoroughly.Fishes all swim to shallow water areas __67__ the water temperature is relatively high.
3．A great time for hiking
During Cold Dew, North China takes __68__ a look of late autumn.On the day of the Double Ninth Festival, people often climb hills with cornels.This custom aims __69__ (drive) away evils, and __70__ (originate) in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD25－220)．
答案与解析
文章谈到了中国二十四节气中的“寒露”。
61．divides 一年分二十四节气，是客观事实，用一般现在时。
62．lasting 现在分词作伴随状语。
63．less 根据上文的比较级判断在此要用比较级。
64．significantly 副词修饰谓语动词。
65．does does在此处强调谓语动词，全篇文章介绍寒露节气，寒露是一个节气，是客观事实，用一般现在时。
66．because because在此引导表语从句。
67．where where 在此引导定语从句。
68．on 考查动词词组的固定搭配。 take on a look
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of...意为：呈现一种……的景象。
69．to drive 动词不定式作宾语。
70．originated 文章最后提到寒露节气起源于东汉时期，所以用过去时。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2017·阳高县一中质检)
My dream is to become a school teacher in the future. In fact, I had the dream of becoming a teacher since my childhood. In my opinion, without teachers, no society could make progresses. There is no doubt whether teachers play an important role in children growth. Not only do teachers pass on knowledge for children, but they also teach children how to behave themselves. Comparing with other jobs, teaching is hard and the pay is lower. And to me, what great fun it is to be with children! They make me to feel young forever because I'll study harder and try my best to realize my dream.
答案
My dream is to become a school teacher in the future. In fact, I
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had the dream of becoming a teacher since my childhood. In my opinion, without teachers, no society could make . There is no doubt teachers play an important role in growth. Not only do teachers pass on knowledge children, but they also teach children how to behave themselves. with other jobs, teaching is and the pay is lower. to me, what great fun it is to be with children! They make me feel young forever I'll study harder and try my best to realize my dream.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是星光中学高二(1)班的班长李华，得知美国学生John作为交换生，下学期将到你班学习。请你根据以下提示，给他写封邮件。
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍与本地生活相关的信息(如气候、饮食等)；
3. 介绍本班情况；
4. 希望John做些事情，以增进中美学生之间的了解和友谊。
注意： 1. 请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； 3. 词数不少于100个；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：交换生 exchange student
Dear John，
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____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Looking forward to seeing you.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
Dear_John，
I'm Li Hua, monitor of Class One, Senior Two.I have heard that you are coming to our class to study with us.I, on behalf of the whole class, welcome you warmly.It is a great honor for me to tell you some information relevant to the local life.First, our traditional foods are steambread and rice.I hope you can get used to them soon.In addition, the climate here is very similar to that in the USA, so there is no need for you to worry about it.Now I will introduce our class to you.Our class is made up of 52 students, all of whom are hardworking and friendly.There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.At last, I would appreciate it if you can do something to promote the understanding and friendship between the students of the two countries.
Looking_forward_to_seeing_you.
Yours，
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Li_Hua
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